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کچھ مصنف کے بارے میں

کچھ مصنف کے بارے میں
اصل نام : حافظ محمد ارشد
قلمی نام:ارشد ملک
تخلص: ملک
۲۹ جولائی ۱۹۹۵ء بروز ہفتہ پشاور ننھیال میں پیدایش ہوئی۔ گھر میں پہلا بچہ ہونے کے باعث والدین اور قریبی رشتہ داروں میں خوشی کی لہر دوڑ اٹھی۔ سب نے بہت پیارکیا اورنازاٹھائے۔ارشد ملک کے والد کا نام محمد اشرف ہے اور والدہ کا نام سلمہٰ اشرف ہے۔ ارشد ملک کے والدین کا تعلق ضلع فیروز پور تحصیل موگا پنڈ دولت پورہ متحدہ ہندوستان سے تھا۔ بعد ازاں جب پاکستان معرضِ وجود میں آیا تو ہجرت کر کے پاکستان کے شہر قصور کے کیمپ میں دس پندرہ دن گزارے۔ پھر قصور سے دولمی ،پھر بڈھے والا کھوہ راوی، پھر وہاں سے کہروڑ پکا آئے اور ٹھیکے پر کھیتی باڑی کا پیشہ اختیار کیا۔ پھر وہاں سے وہاڑی سکونت اختیار کی اور آج تک وہاڑی میں ہی سکونت پذیر ہیں۔ ارشد ملک کے دادا ابو کا نام حاجی محمد شریف اور دادی اماں کا نام شریفاں بی بی ہے جو بقیدِ حیات ہیں۔
ارشد ملک جب پیدا ہوئے تھے تو ان کے تایا جی کی گود میں ڈال دیا تھا۔ چوں کہ ان کی پہلی بیوی سے اولاد نہیں تھی۔ بعد ازاں دوسری شادی سے اللہ تعالیٰ نے اولاد کی نعمت سے نوازا۔ پھر ارشد ملک اپنے اصل والدین کی زیرِ کفالت آگئے۔ ابتدائی تعلیم قائد اعظم ماڈل ہائی سکول وہاڑی سے حاصل کی اور پرائمری پاس کرنے کے بعد جامعہ مدنیہ جامع مسجد باغ والی سے قرآنِ کریم کی تعلیم حاصل کرنے کے لیے داخلہ لیا۔ اور قرآنِ مجید حفظ کیا۔ حفظ کے بعد آٹھویں جماعت کا پرائیویٹ امتحان پاس کیا۔پھر گورنمنٹ تیمور شہید اسکول میں میٹرک کا امتحان پاس کیا ۔میٹرک کا امتحان پاس کرنے کے بعد گورنمنٹ پوسٹ گریجوایٹ کالج وہاڑی سے ایف۔ایس سی اور بعد ازاں...

سامى اديان ميں طریقہ طلاق

For the development of human society, when male and female get into the bond of marriage, they not only crave for having long lasting relationship but also desire it to be protected and preserved. But sometimes, the state of affairs turn out in such a way that this marital bond is vitictimized by the mutual differences and grow to such an extent that husband and wife end up in divorce. Separation of a married couple is viewed as a dreadful act in any society of the world. However, sometimes a couple is better off without this relation as a result of growing differences. Different religions have suggested different waysin this regard by explaining how husband and wife can lead a detached life. Divorce is an act which breaks the agreement of marriage. Different religions propose different laws and traditions for divorce. In this paper, we will discuss divorce laws and traditions that come under Semitic religions (Judaism,  Christianity, and Islam) in specific.

Developing a Model for Student Support Services at Aiou

The topic of the study was “Developing a Model for Student Support Services at Allama Iqbal Open University”. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the existing facilities available in student support services at AIOU, review various models used in developing and developed countries and to develop student support services model for AIOU. The population of the study was the students, tutors, RDs, DRDs, ARDs, academicians, and policy makers of AIOU, UKOU and OUSL. The sample comprised of 200 students of AIOU, 200 of UKOU and 200 OUSL semester Spring 2003 of B.Ed programme. 50 tutors of AIOU, UKOU and OUSL, 20 RDs, DRDs, ARDs of AIOU, 20 OUSL and 20 RDs of UKOU, 10 policy makes of AIOU, UKOU and 10 OUSL, 50 academicians of AIOU, UKOU and OUSL. viiTo achieve the objectives of the study, five questionnaires were constructed for students, tutors, RDs/DRDs/ARDs, policy makers and academicians of AIOU and UKOU, consisting of four parts: (i) general services (ii) tutorial services (iii) counselling services and (iv) library services. All questions were designed at five point rating scale; however, one last question was open ended. The score on each item was analyzed by applying chi square, percentage and mean score formula to determine the objectives of the study. The major findings were, (i) Regional campuses of UKOU worked independently as mini university while AIOU regional centre/ campus worked under the main campus, (ii) UKOU students enjoyed the facility of Open University Student Association while AIOU did not form such an association, (iii) UKOU Regional Campuses provided number of better quality student support services than AIOU. On the basis of data analysis, it was found that in general AIOU, UKOU and OUSL cumulatively, resembled in their student support and they had attained great popularity by dint of their broadcast TV and radio programmes. Also, most of the students were highly satisfied with the media support services. However, AIOU exceeded in half of the categories of facilities in establishment and administration as regards enrollment in comparison to UKOU and OUSL. There was no significant difference in the performance of tutors, quality of face to face meetings, standard of resource centers and techniques of media support, but AIOU could not show high standards of counseling as compared to UKOU. Three universities could not achieve some of their claimed targets and needed improvement in order to maintain the viiiquality of their education through effective training of their personnel and evaluating the provisions presently made. The findings of the study have led the researcher to recommend that (i) regional campuses should be made independent like UKOU (ii) counselling and guidance cell should be established in every regional campus (iii) modern communication faculties like toll free phones or auto answer should be provided at AIOU regional campus (iv) Allama Iqbal Open University Student Association should be founded on the lines of Open University Student Association of UKOU. After analyzing and interpretation of data and document, the main conclusions were; UKOU, OUSL and AIOU provide a number of student support services through their regional campuses but UKOU regional campuses work independently like mini university. However, OUSL and AIOU regional campuses work under the main campus. For the contact facilities, OUSL and AIOU students rely only upon mail and telephone, while UKOU students enjoy a number of different facilities, for example, toll free phones and voice e-mail etc. The major recommendations of the study are that the AIOU regional centres should appoint tutors on merit and should intimate tutors in time. There may be arrangements for comprehensive training of tutors for the betterment of tutorial support system. It was also recommended that AIOU may be affiliated with all the public and institutional libraries in big districts for the facilitation of the students. The tutors may be trained effectively for solving the problems clientele as counselors more considerately and sympathetically. Assignments may be given specific and ixencouraging remarks to ensure the improvement on part of the students. Computer assisted learning programmes may be introduced on higher level courses and media support may be made interactive for getting opinions from students.
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