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ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین خان

آہ ذاکر صاحب !
ڈاکٹر ذاکر حسین صاحب کی ناگہانی وفات ہندوستان کا بہت بڑا قومی حادثہ ہے، وہ اسکا گوہر بے بہا تھے، ان کی موت سے وہ ایسی دولت سے محروم ہوگیا جس کی تلافی نہیں ہوسکتی، کم سے کم مسلمانوں میں ان کا بدل پیدا ہونا بہت دشوار ہے اور اب وہ اس نقصان کو محسوس کریں گے، وہ اپنے علمی کمالات ، فہم و فراست، قومی و تعلیمی خدمات، ایثار و قربانی اور اخلاق و سیرت کے لحاظ سے بہت بڑے انسان تھے، انھوں نے سیاست کے میدان میں کبھی قدم نہیں رکھا، لیکن اپنی بصیرت سے بڑی بڑی سیاسی گتھیوں کو آسانی سے سلجھا دیتے تھے، پنڈت جواہرلال نہرو کے بعد بین الاقوامی دنیا میں ہندستان کا وقار اُن ہی نے قائم رکھا۔
ان میں ابتدا سے غیر معمولی صلاحیتیں تھیں، ان کا آغاز ہی ان کے روشن مستقبل کا پتہ دیتا تھا طالب علمی ہی کے زمانہ سے ان کا قومی خدمت کا ولولہ اور ایثار و قربانی کا جذبہ تعلیم یافتہ نوجوانوں اور قومی کارکنوں کے لیے نمونہ تھا، اس زمانہ اور اس عمر میں جب ہونہار نوجوانوں کا منتہائے نظر اور ترقی کی سب سے بڑی معراج سرکاری عہدے اور تعیش کی زندگی تھی، انھوں نے ان کی طرف آنکھ اٹھا کر بھی نہ دیکھا، اور ان کے مقابلہ میں قومی خدمت اور غربت کی زندگی کو ترجیح دی اور اس راہ میں عمر کا بہترین حصہ صرف کردیا، ان کا زندہ کارنامہ ہندوستان کی پہلی آزاد قومی درسگاہ جامعہ ملیہ ہے، گو اس کے بانی حضرت شیخ الہند حکیم اجمل خاں اور مولانا محمد علی وغیرہ تھے۔ لیکن اس کے اصلی معمار وہی تھے، اور ان ہی نے جامعہ کو جامعہ بنایا اور اپنی زندگی میں اپنے لگائے ہوئے پودے کو ایک تناور درخت بنا گئے، اور آج...

Effect of Information and Communication Technology on The Development of Higher Order Thinking Skills Among Students at University Level

In this era the use of information communication technology in every walk of life is not a lie especially its use in education to facilitate the process of teaching and learning. The objectives of study were to explore the practice of ICT among students at university level, to examine the level of higher order thinking skills among students at university level and to find out the effect of information communication technology on the development of higher order thinking skills among students at university level. The study contains proposed model which was based on ICT tools and HOTs. The researcher used quantitative approach, and its design was correlation which is a type of descriptive research. Population was based on undergraduate university students of social sciences of 3 universities of Islamabad. Convenient sampling technique was used. The sample was based on 10% of entire population. The results were interpreted, and recommendation were suggested. The study results showed average level of higher order thinking skills among university students. Results also showed that mean values were agree about the practice of ICT at university level. It was revealed that there was a significant effect of ICT on the development of HOTS at university level. It is recommended that through training, practice and classroom activities the students may be able to find the required information, to analyze it and to build HOTS. Universities may recruit highly skilled technical personnel in the ICT units of their institutions and create a consciousness in them to develop innovative ideas for better training of student’s higher order thinking skill.

Power Centric Nodes in Clustered Knowledge Networks Ensuring Optimal Security

Knowledge Networks are gaining momentum within cyber world. Knowledge leads to innovation and for this reason organizations focus on research and information gathering in order to gain and improve existing knowledge. In this age of information, which is primarily based on internet and world wide web technologies, enable significantly expanded networks of people to communicate and collaborate „virtually‟ across teams of the entire organization, across organizations and the world, anytime and anyplace. Therefore, wonderful innovations in computing and telecommunications have transformed the corporations from structured and manageable type to interwoven network of blurred boundaries such as; ad hoc networks and mobile wireless networks, semantic web technology etc. This study explores the means of knowledge networks in Information Technology and security leaks that are found and measures that are taken to counter this menace are coming up with optimal Secure Clustered Power Centric node network. The study estimates these measures, evaluating and integrating them to come up with a secured network design. This study seeks to establish these threats and attacks and counter security measures in Wireless Sensor Networks, Mobile Ad-hoc Networks and Semantic Web technology and propose architecture for the purpose of establishing secure routing in knowledge networks called Optimized Network Security Solution for Knowledge Networks – ONSS-KN. Design and development of power-aware, scalable and performance efficient routing protocols for Knowledge Networks (KNs) is an active area of research. In this dissertation, we show that insect colonies based intelligence – commonly referred to as Swarm Intelligence (SI) – provides an ideal metaphor for developing routing protocols for KNs because they consist of minimalists, autonomous individuals that through local interactions self-organize to produce system-level behaviors that show lifelong adaptability to changes and perturbations in an external environment. In this context, we propose a clustering and secure data routing protocol for KNs (iRoutCluster) – inspired by the foraging principles of honey bees. Qaisar Javaid (1094-212001) Page vi To conclude this study, we perform simulation studies to analyze and compare the performance of the final iRoutCluster design with existing protocols. The simulation results demonstrate that iRoutCluster outperforms its competitors in all assumed scenarios and metrics. We then implement the iRoutCluster protocol in MATLAB® simulator to further investigate its performance in mobile networks and large-scale static sensor networks. The results clearly show that iRoutCluster not only performs well in large-scale networks, but is equally good in MANETs as well. Therefore, iRoutCluster is a viable protocol for hybrid ad hoc networks.
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