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یحییٰ اعظمی

یحییٰ اعظمی
ناظرین کو یہ معلوم کر کے افسوس ہوگا کہ دفتر دارالمصنفین کے منصرم یحییٰ صاحب اعظمی نے چند دنوں کی علالت کے بعد ۲۲؍ فروری کو انتقال کیا، وہ عمر بھر دارالمصنفین سے وابستہ رہے اور مرکر اس سے جدا ہوئے، مرحوم بڑے متدین اور دفتری کاموں میں تجربہ کار تھے، ہزاروں روپیے کا کاروبار ان کے ہاتھ میں تھا اور کبھی ایک حبہ کا فرق نہیں نکلتا تھا، ایسے قابل اعتماد آدمی مشکل سے ملیں گے، طبیعت میں حد سے زیادہ نظافت و نفاست تھی، بڑی صاف ستھری زندگی بسر کرتے تھے، ان کا دفتری کام بھی بڑا صاف ستھرا تھا، خشک دفتری کاموں کے ساتھ خوشگو شاعر بھی تھے، ان کے کلام کے دو مجموعے ’’نوائے حیات‘‘ اور ’’نوائے عصر‘‘ شائع ہوچکے ہیں، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی مغفرت فرمائے۔
(شاہ معین الدین ندوی، مارچ ۱۹۷۲ء)

A Proposed Islamic Microfinance Impact Assessment Methodology

Impact assessment of microfinance programs have been remained the foremost concern of microfinance stakeholders for optimal policy measures. The existing literature regarding the impact assessment varies from parametric to experimental methods to evaluate the performance of microfinance programs across the world however; the literature is lacking a single measure to reveal maximum possible changes in socioeconomic variables resulting from microfinance institutions’ intervention. This study aims to develop a composite index for evaluating the performance of microfinance programs in multi-dimensional contexts. The study exposes a set of eight “diverse indicators” to evaluate the performance of a microfinance program on a wider socioeconomic scale. The dimensions of the index are consist of economic (Income, saving) and socioeconomic (poverty, access to basic facilities, family empowerment) indicators. The changes in deprivations of household, based on the selected indicators, reveal the intensity of success of a microfinance program towards their goals. Finally, we have developed an index by the interaction of incidence and intensity of socioeconomic deprivations. The index is named as “Multidimensional Microfinance Deprivation Index”. This is an index developed in the same line as multidimensional poverty index. The implications of this study are three folds; firstly, it will open up a new dimension of literature in the field of microfinance including Islamic microfinance by instigating an important area. Secondly, it may provide a better alternative to microfinance’s stakeholders to investigate the impact assessment of microfinance programs on a wider socioeconomic scale rather than a few economic. Last but not the least, the study integrates diverse socioeconomic indicators, after assigning weights and adjustment to portray an overall picture of the performance of microfinance in terms of uplifting the socioeconomic conditions of the poor and financially marginalized people.

Measuring the Impact of 3Ps of Marketing Mix on Online Consumer Buying Behavior: Attitude As Mediator and Gender As Moderator

Online consumer buying behavior is gaining significance in the field of marketing and advertising because it has changed the ways and techniques business adopt today for gaining market share with usage of web based techniques. The main purpose of current study is to investigate the impact of online product, price and promotion on online consumer buying behavior, this study also analyzed the role of attitude and gender as mediator and moderator between online product, price, promotion and online consumer buying behavior. This study adds value to the literature in following ways; firstly, it provides broader understanding on online consumer buying behavior as new technique which many businesses are operating their activities. Secondly, it provides detailed understanding of attitude as a mediator which elaborates its direct and indirect impact on online product, price, promotion and online consumer buying behavior. Its direct effect is observed with online consumer buying behavior while its indirect effect as a mediator between online product, price, promotion and online consumer buying behavior is observed in this study. Thirdly, the role of gender is investigated as a moderator with online product, price, promotion and online consumer buying behavior. Regression analysis along with dual statistical techniques were employed i.e. Barron and Kenny?s (1986) and Preacher and Hayes (2008) method of bootstrapping for analyzing the role of attitude and gender as mediator and moderator respectively. The findings showed that online product, price, promotion and online consumer buying behavior were positively and significantly associated with each other. It was observed that attitude partially mediates the relationship between online product, price, promotion and online consumer buying behavior. It was also observed that gender as a moderator moved in the opposite direction and was found in the insignificant range, which showed that gender does not moderate the relationship between online product, price, promotion and online consumer buying behavior. The findings of this study might be helpful for marketing managers and web inclined businesses to place relevant and targeted advertising messages along with the products that are tailored according to customer choice.
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