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تساں رکھیا اے ساڈا خیال ایدکیں

تُساں رکھیا اے ساڈا خیال ایدکیں

کیڈا کیتا آکے کمال ایدکیں
پوری حسرت ہو جاندی میری اے کدی

یار آکے دیندے جے جمال ایدکیں
سال پچھلے جوانی بھری سی تیری

توں کیویں ہو گیا ایں نڈھال ایدکیں
ایس حکومت دی ناقص پالیسی دی پاروں

بھاء کوڈیاں دے وِک گئے نیں لعل ایدکیں
سال پچھلے تے حصہ نہ دتا کوئی

بھرا ویکھو کی کردے نے سال ایدکیں

الإمام زفر: أصوله الفقهية وآرائه المفتي بها في تفسير الأحكام

Compilation and codification of Islamic jurisprudence is a great achievement of the Islamic literary history. The productivity andfertility of the mind of the Muslims Scholars was a true and brilliant field of cognitive process. Ilanafi school of thought display in these Muslims societies from practice point of view always dominated. In this respect the Imam Zufar (RA) (110AH) had been a great scholar in Ilanafi Canon with his unique multi-dimensional features and characteristics. Nevertheless, He iras a prominent jurist, Muhaddis, Justice and Mujtahid. He paved a different path to have difference of opinion with his great teacher Imam Abu Hanifa as well as with the rest offamous jurists. This article emphasis on those principles along with examples that at the end evolved to have become his exclusive principles for inference of the Shari. ahka am. This article will also highlight his versatile scholary life and will help the researchers to investigate about his seminal work.

Effects of Balance Training on Fall Risk and Mobility in the Elderly

ABSTRACT Background Any impairment of the balance system leads to not only increased fall frequency but also a high risk of fall in elder population. Multiple risks have been identified that may cause balance impairment and ultimately falls. Prophylactic balance training is profoundly recommended in this population. Purpose of study This study was conducted to determine the effects of conventional and dynamic training for recovery of balance to prevent risk of fall and improving mobility in older individuals. Methodology A single-blinded, randomized controlled trial conducted at Foundation University Institute of rehabilitation sciences, in collaboration with physical medicine and rehabilitation department, Fauji Foundation hospital Rawalpindi. 105 volunteers were recruited on the basis of non-probability convenience sampling technique and were randomly assigned three groups (n=35 each). Inclusion criteria included healthy individuals of both genders with a minimum age of 50 years. The first group was the Dynamic Postural Training Group (DPTG) which was provided with balance training on dynamic postural stability training system. The second group, i.e. Conventional Balance Training Group (CBTG) was provided with conventional balance training. The third group, No Intervention Group (NIG) did not undergo any training. Balance training was given thrice a week for 8 consecutive weeks. Session lasted for 30 to 45 minutes each. Initial assessment was done before training and follow-up assessments were performed every 2 weeks. Data was collected using fall risk score via Biodex balance system SD, the berg balance scale, functional reach test, and timed up and go test. Results Mean age was 62.06 ± 6.60 years with gender distribution of 36.3 % (n=33) males and 63.7% (n=58) females. Mean weight, height and BMI of sample population was computed as 73.60 ± 8.70 kg, 1.63 ± 0.07 m and 27.95 ± 3.74 kg/m2 respectively with no significant between-group differences. Significant difference (P score<0.05) found among groups after week 8 assessment on berg balance scale score, functional reach test, timed up and go test, and fall risk scores. Data analyses within groups showed substantial improvement in dynamic postural training group and conventional group (P<0.001). Conclusion Both dynamic postural balance training and conventional training are effective in fall risk reduction and improving mobility among the elderly though dynamic postural balance training was found to be superior.
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