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عطا اﷲ عطاؔ قاضی

                عطا اﷲ عطاؔ قاضی (۱۹۳۴ء پ) محلہ ٹلہ پسرور میں پیدا ہوئے میٹرک کے بعد منشی فاضل کا امتحان پاس کیا۔ آرٹس میں ڈپلومہ سنٹرل ٹریننگ کالج لاہور سے کیا۔ شہر فہمی اور شعر گوئی کے علاوہ قاضی عطا نثر نگاری ، مصوری ،فوٹو گرافی اور خوش نویسی کے فن میں بھی ماہر ہیں۔(۱۲۰۹)

                آپ کے مزاج میں ادبی چاشنی رچی بسی ہے۔آپ کے شعری مجموعے ’’فراز سخن‘‘، (سورہ بقرہ کا منظوم ترجمہ) ،’’اعزازِ سخن‘‘،( توحیدی آیات کا منظوم ترجمہ)’’اعتزاز سخن‘‘،( سورہ نسا ،مائدہ کااورسورہ توبہ کا منظوم ترجمہ)’’رازِ سخن‘‘ ، (پارہ عم کا منظوم ترجمہ)’’امتیاز سخن‘‘( سورہ مائدہ کا منظوم ترجمہ) ناز سخن (حمد ونعت ،قرآنی دعائیں ،منظوم ترجمہ)اور ’’اشکوں کی لو ‘‘(غزلیہ مجموعہ ) ادبی سبھا پسرور سے شائع ہو چکے ہیں۔ ان شعری مجموعوں کے علاوہ قاضی عطا کا سب سے بڑا کارنامہ ’’مفہوم القرآن ‘‘کے نام سے قرآن مجید کا مکمل منظوم ترجمہ ہے۔

                 یہ ترجمہ تین ہزار صفحات کی ضخامت اور تین جلدوں پر مشتمل ہے۔ اب تک ’’مفہوم القرآن ‘ ‘ کے دو ایڈیشن شائع ہو چکے ہیں۔ قاضی عطاؔ کا قلم کسی ایک موضوع الہیات کے موضوع ہی کا محتاج نہیں رہا ۔ اس کا خامہ زرفشاں زندگی کے ہر پہلو پر رواں رہا ہے۔ الہیات کے موضوع کو ملاحظہ کریں کس خوبصورت انداز سے اس کا اظہار کرتے ہیں:

لاکھ پردوں میں بھی ہے بے پردہ

 

1کل ہے اجزا میں آشکارا ہے

 

â۱۲۱۰)

 

 

 

 

ہر آئینہ جزو میں جلوہ نما ہے کل

 

پنہاں ہے گو نظر سے مگر وہ کہاں نہیں

مشاركة المسلم في الأعمال السياسية بالبلاد غير الإسلامية وحكمها

In this paper, the question of the participation of the resident Muslim in the foreign countries in politics and its rulings and the statement of some issues that are presented to the Muslim, such as: to elect, run or participate in political parties and other issues related to this topic. And also, tried to study the views of the scholars, and presented them and their attitudes, evidence in them, compared with them. The modern world has witnessed phenomena, which is not hidden to every sane person, which was, the Muslim participation in the political activities in the non-Muslim countries. The importance of this research paper is clear because it reveals the meaning of the political concept in the Holy Quran and prophetic tradition, which made the researcher in the attempt to legalize the matter in this regard and to summarize the statements of ancient and contemporary scholars based on their arguments and evidences. The study concluded That the participation in politics activities non-Muslims societies does not fall within the scope of the doctrine originally, since no one doubts in the doctrine of Muslims that it is not permissible to resort to the tyrant and not to judge except with Allah almighty revealed rules and regulations, and when this doctrine disappears or enter doubt of any act of apostasy and disbelief, which is not satisfied by any sound Muslim at this very moment that falls into haram category. At the end conclusion is drawn from variant views of the scholars, and the main findings and recommendations have been given.

Potential Impact of Bt and Non-Bt Cotton on Rhizosphere Microbial Community, Enzymatic Activity and Cottonseed Oil Quality

Due to increased world population, different approaches have been used worldwide to improve the yield potential of crops in order to fulfill their food requirements. Transgenic crops are one of them which have high yield potential with comparative less input cost due to less reliance on pesticides. This technology has gained tremendous attention without exploring their after effects. Bt-toxins may accumulate and persist in soil due to their binding ability on soil components. In order to find out the potential impacts of Bt cotton residues on substrate use efficiency, activity and diversity of soil microbial community and influence on nutrient dynamics, the present studies were planned at different agro-ecological zones of Punjab (Multan, Bahawalpur and Lodhran). In field survey study, soil sampling from Bt and non-Bt cotton rhizosphere revealed more bacterial population, dehydrogenase and phosphatase activities in Bt-rhizosphere comparative to non-Bt. Regarding nutrient dynamics, percent nitrogen, extractable phosphorous, extractable potassium, NO3-N, Fe and Zn except bulk density were also observed high in Bt-cotton rhizosphere. To verify the results of overhead survey study, field experiments were conducted at four different locations (CCRI-Multan, Naseer pur, Kot Lal Shah and CRS-BWP) in Punjab. Field studies reported that Bt cotton had no adverse effect on microbial population and enzymatic activity in soil. Bacterial population observed more in Bt-cotton rhizosphere and maximum population was observed in CIM-602 (Bt-variety) at all locations while phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities were high in Bt-varieties over non-Bt varieties. The gas exchange characteristics as photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water use efficiency were maximum as well in Bt-cotton varieties contrast to non-Bt. The maximum increase in CEC, nitrogen, extractable phosphorous, extractable potassium, active C, Fe and Zn concentrations were exhibited in Bt-genotypes of CIM-602 and CIM-599 rhizosphere, while slight improvement in percent organic matter was depicted by these varieties. The maximum biomass production, yield and yield contributing traits, fibre strength, length, GOT and lint percentage were also maximum by Bt-varieties of CIM-602 and CIM-599. There was a negative correlation of GOT with fibre fineness (micronaire value), while all varieties (Bt and non-Bt) showed significant results to fulfil the criteria of fibre fineness. Significant improvement in oil contents, free fatty acids, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, iodine, saponification and acid values except oil pH was observed in Bt-cotton. While carbohydrate and crude protein percentages were higher in non-Bt genotypes of CIM-591 and CIM-573. In conclusion, Bt-cotton had no any negative effect on soil ecology and cottonseed oil quality. So, Bt-cotton could be grown to produce more fibre and oil to fulfil and support the country’s economy.
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