Search or add a thesis

Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

Preface

Preface

Each time one reads the Quran his or her understanding deepens. One may be blessed to have a command of the Arabic language and read the Quran in the language exactly as revealed from Allah to the Prophet through the Angel Gabriel. However, for most Muslims around the world, even if we know Arabic, the beauty and depth of the Quran eludes us. Therefore, we often rely on the tafseer (explanation) and translations to help us gain an understanding to guide us in our lives. Brother Hashemi continues from his previous works to carefully delineate in the translated text which words or phrases are a mere translation and which few words or phrases were added for easier reading and understanding.

As a revert to Islam, and a humble but imperfect follower of the teachings of Prophet Mohamed, I tried to learn from authenticated sources: The Quran, The Hadiths (substantiated sayings of the Prophet), and Sunnah (practices of the Prophet as witnessed from endorsed sources). Having information does not make someone knowledgeable. Even with authentic sources readily available, it takes a lifetime of study to consolidate the information into knowledge. And, being knowledgeable does not necessarily mean one uses this knowledge to guide one’s life. However, with works like those produced by Brother Badr Hashemi, we can become that much closer to understanding the body of knowledge and incorporating that knowledge in our daily lives.

Allah used his messengers to relay His message to humans and jinn (unseen creation) in order to guide us. The last messenger, Prophet Mohamed was given the final and irrevocable message to mankind, the Quran. It was revealed in the language spoken by the Prophet and the people of Arabia. The Quran confirms...

Localization on the palmar face of the hand of a Darier-Ferrand dermatofiborosarcoma. About a case

Darier-Ferrand dermatofibrosarcoma is a rare but not exceptional malignant mesenchymal skin tumor, representing 0.1 % of malignant skin tumors. It is characterized by high recurrence, slow growth and low metastatic potential. Although several clinical cases of an unusual variant of Darier-Ferrand dermatofibrosarcoma have been reported in the literature, localization on the palmar face of the hand is not common. We report a case of Darier and Ferrand dermatofibrosarcoma at the level of the fourth commissure of the palm of the left hand in a 43- year-old young Malagasy adult treated by a large surgical excision with a healthy margin of two centimeters associated with adjuvant chemotherapy with Imatinib.

Improved Technique for the Calculation of Heat Transfer in a Thrust Chamber

Advancements in rocket propulsion have been the key factor for the scientific progress especially in space exploration and communication. The continued quest to achieve higher propulsion velocities at low cost still provides the room to the scientists and engineers to work on the development in the design of thrust chamber of a rocket engine. Given the high manufacturing and operational cost of rocket engines, precise knowledge of the chamber dynamics, propellants flow and feed system, heat transfer and structural integrity are important. During operations the thrust chamber experiences high temperatures and pressures, thus a reliable design requires adequate knowledge of the flow and combustion physics inside the chamber. A number of ways have been employed by the researchers to optimize heat transfer and performance of the engine. Generally regenerative cooling along with film cooling are used for safe operation.For small LPREs with small mass flow rates of the coolant, safety of the chamber wall becomes challenging job. Structural integrity can be attained by specific heat transfer rate and efficient combustion will give better performance. Numerical estimation of heat transfer using commercial software may be help for design and mounting instrumentation for experimentation at proper place. However one requires an integrated design tool for designing a thrust chamber with optimal performance ensuring adequate thrust, structural integrity and efficient cooling. For optimization of such a thrust chamber, couple fluid-structure-heat transfer analysis is often complicated and requires huge computational resources using commercial software. The combustion chemistry is often approximated through one dimensional theory. Generally experimental/empirical correlations are used for heat transfer rate calculations or one has to rely on expensive testing to validate structural design and safe operation. However the high cost involved with experimentation and manufacturing of even a small chamber, an integrated tool for optimal design of thrust chamber can be helpful. The optimized geometry can be numerically simulated for confirmation before leading to actual use. The integrated design tool can help in obtaining optimal thrust under given dimensional and flow constrains with adequate heat transfer rates ensuring low design cost. The major aim of this research work was to develop an in-house integrated software tool for the design and optimization of the coolant channel configuration of thrust chamber of a rocket engine. However, the study also includes the experimentation and CFD study for the validation of the tool developed. The developed integrated tool includes seven modules providing optimal performance parameters for a given thrust chamber design. The modules include combustion chemistry, flow dynamics, heat transfer and optimal cooling channels design for a given thrust chamber shape. Here the results obtained from the integrated tool have been verified using own computational fluid dynamics results and experimental data as well as the published results available in the literature. Amongst the important parameters, heat transfer rate within the thrust chamber is key design parameter. Here focus is on the prediction of heat transfer rates and surface temperatures of both coolant and thrust chamber. Thus results for the heat transfer rates and heat transfer coefficients are compared with published results, numerical simulations and experimental data. Further calculations for the optimized coolant geometry have been carried out based on the heat transfer, flow rate and pressure drop across the coolant channel. The results indicate that the predicted geometry offers safe operation of the thrust chamber. The integrated tool developed in this study is intelligent enough to optimize a number of coolant channel flow configurations with different coolants and fuels within a short time.
Author