Search or add a thesis

Advanced Search (Beta)
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...
Loading...

موسم

موسم
موسم بنیادی طور پر خود نظر نہیں آتا لیکن یہ اپنی نشانیوں کی وجہ سے محسوس و معلوم ہوتا ہے۔ یہ وقت کے ساتھ ساتھ چلتے ہوئے، گردشِ ایام کی حدود و قیود کو خیالات اور اعمال احساسات کی نظریاتی تشکیل و ترکیب کا سبب بناتا رہتا ہے۔ یہ اسراری امکانات کے منکر ین سے چند سوالات رکھتا ہے ۔ پھر ثابت حیثیت کے زمان و مکان کی تشریح میں مہاجر پرندوں کی مثالیں سمو کر، اعتراضات کو جذبات میں تقسیم کر دیتا ہے۔ زمانی نظریات کو طبیعی فکر کے متوازی رکھتا ہے۔ کھلتے پھولوں میں سوچ جھنجھوڑ کر جگاتا ہے ۔ پھر عقل کل کے معانی کو فکر کل کے دائروں سے ملاتے ہوئے ، مرکز شعور تک لا کر ، پہلی پہچان سے اُبھرنے والی سرگوشیوں کو خواب زدہ بڑبڑاہٹ یا رویا کی حالت سے روشناس کرا دیتا ہے ۔ یہاں ذہنی کیفیت بدلتی رہتی ہیں ۔کچھ لوگ اسے ہزیان۔۔۔تو کچھ لوگ اسے ذہنی روشنی کے معیار میں ڈوبی زمانی خصوصیت قرار دے کر ، ظاہری مماثلت اور باطنی تغیرات کے حقیقی یقین کا ثبوت سمجھتے ہیں جو طرزِ بیان میں ، تعلقات شعور کے نظام احساسات میں شمسی جنوں، قمری فسوں کے آئینہ دار ہوتے ہیں۔
تعمیری عقیدتوں میں جن ستاروں کی نشان دہی ہوتی ہے وہ فطری ادراک کی تعریف میں درد کے صحیفوں کا ذکر کرتے ہوئے ، اُن پودوں سے بھی ملاقات کرواتے ہیں جن کی ایک ہی شاخ پر پھول اور زرد سبز پتے ہوتے ہیں، جبکہ پھولوں کا رنگ پتوں سے مختلف ہوتا ہے ۔ حالانکہ خوراک روشنی ،ہوا اور پانی دونوں کو ایک ہی زمین اور ماحول میں دستیاب ہوتی ہے۔ اُسی پودے کی جڑوں میں گھاس پھونس اور جڑی بوٹیاں بھی موجود ہوتی ہیں ۔ وہ بھی اُسی ماحول اور زمین سے اپنی ضروریات پوری کر...

صلة تأويل النّص بأصول التخاطب في العربية

This article defines principles of pragmatism and text. It endeavors to elements of interpretation of text as well as relation which plays its vital role for connecting both; text and pragmatism with each other. It goes on to describe a mechanism of reading and understanding of text along with elaboration of its interaction with text. It is so because Arabic based structure and text is having multi-coloured aspects and meanings. It has several ups and downs like surface and depth, metaphor, imagery and allegory in addition to exploitation and adaption. Interpretation of text is the grass-roots of productive cognition. Because the ambiguity in word, sentence even in structure weather it is shorten or long is interpreted in addition to the interpretation of meanings of structures which are ordinarily defined and recognized through involving context and situation of context, bearing in view the original meaning; lexical meaning alongside interpretation with its significant principles and elements. However, all the description said before locates frequently infinity of text meanings.      

Critical Analysis of the Perceptions of Stakeholders Regarding Commercialization of Agricultural Extension Services in the Punjab, Pakistan: Future Implications

Globally, public sector extension has been under severe criticism for not performing effectively and efficiently and in case of Pakistan the situation is not different. Since independence of the country, several extension approaches and models have been introduced to enhance agricultural production and improve farm income with ultimate objective of raising living standard of rural people but these could not met the required targets and were discarded with the passage of time. Privatization of extension services changes the ownership from public to private sector which is also facing so many other challenges. In the situation when the economy of the country is sinking and public sector extension is facing financial constraints, commercialization of extension services is being suggested an alternate option. Keeping in view the above facts, present study was planned to explore and critically analyze the commercialization of agricultural extension service. The study was conducted in purposively selected one district i.e. Sargodha from citrus growing areas in the Punjab. Multistage sampling technique was used for data collection. At the first stage one district (district Sargodha) was selected purposively, at the second stage four tehsils (Silanwali, Kot Momin, Sargodha and Bhalwal) were selected randomly. As it was extremely expensive to interview all the units of the population. So, keeping in view the limitations of time and financial resources, a sample of 400 (100 from each tehsil) was drawn from the entire population by using Fitz-gibbon and Morris (1987) table. The data was analyzed by using computer software i.e. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). It was found that less than half of the respondents had knowledge about commercialization of agricultural extension services. The results showed that more than one-third of the respondents were willing to pay for advisory services. It was concluded that among all the strengths of commercialization it would lead higher farm output was ranked at 1st position. Commercialization would lead to enhance financial burden on farmers was ranked at 1st position among all the weaknesses in the way of commercialization according to the response of farmers. It was found that commercialization would only be acceptable when these services will be cost effective. It was found that inadequate government guarantees, regulations and control over extension service providers and abuses were one of the major potential constraints identified by the respondents. Among different strategies for reforming of agricultural extension services, structural issue was found major potential constraint among all other obstacles that may found in the way of commercialization. Policy, governance and legal constraints were also found other potential threats in the way of commercialization respectively.
Author