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پروفیسر قیام الدین احمد

پروفیسر قیام الدین احمد صاحب مرحوم
(ڈاکٹر جاوید علی خاں)
پروفیسر قیام الدین احمد مرحوم ملک کے ممتاز مورخ اور مشہور عالم و محقق تھے، ۲۷؍ اگست ۱۹۹۸؁ء کو ان کا انتقال اچانک حرکت قلب بند ہوجانے کی وجہ سے ہوا، اس وقت وہ خدا بخش لائبریری پٹنہ کے ایک سمینار کے لیے اپنا مقالہ ٹائپ کررہے تھے جو آزادی کی گولڈن جبلی تقریبات کے سلسلے میں جامعہ ہمدرد دہلی میں ہونے والا تھا۔
ہندوستان کے عہد وسطیٰ کی تاریخ اور انیسویں صدی کا ہندو مسلم معاشرہ ان کا خاص موضوع تھا، اس پر ان کی نظر وسیع تھی۔ بہار میں ہندوستان کے عہد وسطیٰ کی تاریخ نویسی کی روایت کی بنیاد شاد عظیم آبادی اور ونایک پر شاد نے ڈالی تھی جس کو سرجدوناتھ سرکار نے پروان چڑھایا اور پدم شری پروفیسر سید حسن عسکری نے نقطۂ عروج تک پہنچایا، پروفیسر قیام الدین اسی سلسلہ کی آخری کڑی تھے، ان کی وفات سے جو خلا ہوا ہے اس کا پُر ہونا مشکل معلوم ہوتا ہے۔
ملک و قوم کی بے لوث خدمت اور آزادی وطن کی تحریک میں علمائے صادق پور کے کارنامے اظہر من الشمس ہیں، مرحوم قیام الدین کا تعلق اسی عظیم اور مقدس خانوادے سے تھا، حضرت سید احمد شہیدؒ کی تحریک اصلاح و جہاد میں بھی اس خاندان کے بزرگوں نے بڑے جوش و خروش اور نہایت عزم و استقلال سے حصہ لیا تھا۔
مرحوم کے اجداد میں مولانا احمد اﷲ صاحب اور کئی لوگوں کو ابنالہ مقدمات کے سلسلہ میں کالے پانی کی سزا ہوئی۔ موجودہ صدی کے اوائل میں اس خاندان کے افراد کا رجحان مغربی تعلیم کی طرف ہوگیا۔ پروفیسر قیام الدین احمد صاحب کے دادا ڈاکٹر عظیم الدین احمد عربی کے مشہور فاضل اور اردو کے معروف شاعر و نقاد تھے، انہوں نے سر محمد اقبال کے...

مسيحيت اور اسلام ميں تصور گناہ

God has given us two kinds of commandments "al-awaamir wan-nawaahi" i.e. Biddings and forbiddings whose violation is called "sin”. Christianity and Islam both are divine religions and their teachings are God-gifted. Their followers are required to lead their lives according to the commandments of God in order to succeed. But with the passage of time, Christians started distortions within their law. They, therefore, promoted the belief that every man is a sinner by birth. Christians believe that Adam (PBUH) committed sin. Islam teaches that every child is innocent by birth. The holy Prophet (BPBUM) said: “Every child is born on Islamic nature and his parents cause him to be Christian, Jew or Magian". Despite being distorted, Christianity does possess yet such teachings that resemble Islamic teachings. If these teachings are followed the mankind can be reformed though these teachings have its limitations. Islam is a final and ultimate religion and its teachings are, valid up to the day of resurrection. Also, these teachings have not been distorted. Islam has described each and every sin in detail more than the Christianity. If one follows Islamic teachings be can achieve success and salvation.

الاء مثال العربیۃ و مایقابلھا فی الآردیۃ

Arabic Proverbs and their equivalants in Urdu Proverbs or proverbial sayings express in few words a truth which relates to everybody experience, reality of things, feelings and beliefs. Proverbs are based on truth, advice and wisdom and they relate to everybody regardless of his class and education. Proverbs are finest literature and have profound impact on the broad human life and they are in general use and express common ideas and beliefs. They are part of every language and culture. A proverb is very often found with the variations in many languages. Arabic and Urdu Languages are rich with many proverbs that are having so much wisdom and knowledge and this study aims to compare those of Arabic and Urdu languages and will reveal how similar they are. It also address the impacts of Arabic language and culture on Urdu language and culture. Proverbs hold very high standing among all nations of the world because they reflect human life, wisdom and recap of their experiences. The fact is that the proverbs are the finest arts of literature and have profound impact on the broad humanitarian daily life of the every segment of the society. I have chosen this topic "Arabic proverbs and their equivalents in Urdu" for many reasons. It is of great importance to study proverbs who wants to know about different nations of the world. There is no doubt that such a deep study helps to know and understand the characteristics of the people, their wisdom, daily lives and experiences. The proverbs in Quran Kareem and Hadith Sharif have full of knowledge. I have divided this thesis into Abstract, Preface, five chapters and list of contents. This thesis contains an introduction, five chapters, several sub chapters and the research summary. I have collected many Quranic and Prophetic proverbs which are being used in Urdu language and Many Quranic and Prophetic proverbs which are having different wording but giving the same meaning. This study in Arabic proverbs and their equivalents in Urdu languages is a comparative study where the First Chapter discusses in details the Definitions of proverbs and its Kinds whereas the second chapter deals with origin and significance of Proverbs in Arabic and Urdu literature. The proverbs which have similar meanings and different words in both the languages are discussed in details in the third chapter. Whereas the fourth chapter highlights the Arabic Language Proverbs which are now being used in Urdu language. As we know that Urdu literature has taken a lot of Arabic proverbs which are now being used in Urdu language. Fifth and last Chapter of this thesis compares and contrasts the style of Arabic and Urdu Proverbs.
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