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چودھری محمدعلی رودولوی

چودھری محمد علی رودولوی
افسوس ہے کہ پچھلے دنوں اردوزبان کی دوبڑی شخصیتیں بھی ہم سے جدا ہوگئی۔ ایک چودھری محمد علی رودولوی اور دوسرے عبدالمجید سالک۔
چودھری صاحب اردو کے نامور ادیب،پختہ قلم اورکہنہ مشق انشاء پرداز تھے۔ایک زمانہ میں ان کی تحریریں بڑی دلچسپی اورشوق سے پڑھی جاتی تھیں۔ زبان دانی کے ساتھ ان کی تحریر کاسب سے بڑاکمال یہ تھاکہ رکیک سے رکیک بات یا خیال کو اس اندازسے لکھتے تھے کہ ذوقِ سلیم کوگھناونی معلوم نہیں ہوتی تھی۔’’اتالیق بی بی‘‘، ’’کشکول‘‘،’’فقیر محمدعلی شاہ‘‘ان کی مشہور تصنیفات ہیں۔ ان کے علاوہ متعدد افسانے اوردوچارکتابیں بھی ان کی یادگار ہیں۔ طبعاً بڑے ہنسوڑ، زندہ دل اور شگفتہ انسان تھے۔تعلقہ دارہونے کی وجہ سے زندگی بڑے عیش وآرام میں گزری۔ آخر عمر میں خوف خداکاان پر بڑاغلبہ ہوگیا تھا، نماز توخیر پابندی سے پڑھنے ہی لگے تھے اورحج بھی کرآئے تھے مگر آخرت کے ڈر سے بے چین رہتے تھے۔ اگرچہ خاندانی طورپر امامیہ فرقہ سے تعلق رکھتے تھے لیکن تعصب ان میں نام کوبھی نہ تھا۔ اہل سنت والجماعت مسلمانوں کے ساتھ نمازانھی کے طریقے پر پڑھتے تھے۔ اس سلسلہ میں’’میرامذہب‘‘کے نام سے انھوں نے ایک کتاب بھی لکھی تھی۔خاتمہ بھی ایسا ہی اچھا ہوا۔۱۰/ستمبر کوبروزپنج شنبہ درودپڑھتے اوراﷲ کے نام کا وردکرتے کرتے جان جان آفریں کے سپرد کردی۔
الھم اغفرلہ وارحمہ۔
[اکتوبر۱۹۵۹ء]

 

Sulayman Bin Musa Al-Kala As Sirah Writer an Introduction and Research Analysis

Abu Al-Rab฀ ‘ Sulaym฀n Bin M฀sá Al-Kal฀‘฀ (565 A. H -- 634 A. H) is a great S฀rah writer. In this article, his scholarly and personal characteristics, the list of his works, tributes from scholars to his services and scholarly rank of Al-Kal฀‘฀ are presented. After presenting his personal features, an introduction and research analysis of his book “AlIktif฀’ fi Magh฀z฀ Al-Mu฀tafá wa Al-thal฀thah Al-Khulaf฀ ’ ” is given. Al-Kal฀‘฀ was a great scholar and authentic S฀rah writer. He got knowledge of Had฀th from Abul ‘At฀’. He attended the lectures of various scholars of Had฀th such as Abul Q฀sim bin Al-Jaysh, Abu Bakr bin Jadd, Abu Abdull฀h bin Zark฀n, Abdull฀h bin Fakhkh฀r, Abu Muhammad bin Jamh฀r, Najbah bin Yahy฀. Many great scholars of Had฀th such as Q฀฀฀ T฀nas were his pupils and brought his knowledge to far off countries. Al-Kal฀‘฀ wrote many books on Had฀th and S฀rah. Ibn Farh฀n, Abul Abb฀s and many other scholars have praised and paid tribute to Al-Kal฀‘฀ in their works. Main objective of the book under discussion, Al-Iktif฀’, is to disseminate knowledge of S฀rah and Had฀th prolifically. Al-Kal฀‘฀ has kept in mind the caution and the principles of S฀rah writing derived from the Holy Qur’฀n. Sulaym฀n Bin M฀sá has a great quality of writing S฀rah books. He can be called a born scholar and a writer. His quest for knowledge took him in different cities and he gained the best of knowledge and intellect that can be seen in all of his writings. He can be called a preserver and a protector of S฀rah literature. He is considered the most honored and dignified person among the scientific and cultural tradition of Andalusiyah. This article proves his abilities, qualities and excellence of work.

Genetic Analyses of the Major Tribes of Abbottabad and Mansehra Districts Through Dental Morphology and Dna Analyses

The Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province-Pakistan possesses an interesting combination of social integrity in the ethnic diversity of the region. People of the area can broadly be divided into the ancient Dards, Kushans and recently arrived people of Pathan dynasties. A number of references are available about the history and culture of the area but the general biology and phylogenetic relationship of people of the area based upon sound scientific grounds are still lacking. This dissertation provides first-hand information with reference to some of the important tribes of the area analyzed through variation in dental morphology, mitochondrial DNA sequences and haplotypic diversity in the people of central districts viz. Abbottabad and Mansehra of Hazara Division. The study was conducted from October 2010 to March 2014. Seven tribes viz. Abbassi, Awan, Gujar, Jadoon, Karlal, Syed and Tanoli were included in this study. Collection of dental casts, saliva samples for DNA isolation, optimization of PCR conditions, gene clean protocols and data analyses etc. were done in the Human Genetics Lab, Department of Genetics Hazara University. All the selected tribes were analyzed for Hyper Variable Sequences of mitochondrial DNA (HVS1 & 2 mtDNA) for determination of maternal affinities, diversity in the hypervariable region and availability of haplogroups, in different tribes. Each one of the dental casts was analyzed for a set of 17 tooth-trait combinations scored 150 individuals (75 males and 75 females) of each tribe in accordance with the Arizona State University Dental Morphology System. Only scorable samples from 393 individuals belonging to five ethnic groups i.e. Awans, Gujars, Karlals, Syeds and Tanolis were analyzed and included in this dissertation for elaborating the internationally available 22 populations of 2,433 prehistoric and living individuals of the region through Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, Neighbor Joining Cluster Analysis, Multidimensional Scaling and Principal Coordinates Analysis. Results of the dental trait analyses revealed highly consistent patterns across the data reduction schemes. All the ethnic groups of Abbottabad and Mansehra clustered separately and shared no affinity with the prehistoric Central XVI Asians, the prehistoric inhabitants of the Indus Valley or living communities of peninsular India. Though all the tribes has retained their own identity and seems to be polyphyletic in origin; the Syeds, Gujars and Karlals proved more closely related to one another among the analyzed tribes. Results of the hyper variable sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of individuals from all the seven tribes analyzed for determination of maternal affinities through diversity in the hypervariable region and haplogroups diversity with respect to hypervariable sequence I (HVSI) analyzed from 223 individuals of the 7 tribes revealed 83 haplotypes with the 39 unique one. The haplogroup H proved the most frequent containing 40% of the analyzed people followed by haplogroup M which was recorded in 21.8% of the sampled populations. Results of the hypervariable sequence II (HVSII) obtained from 298 individuals of the seven tribes yielded 78 haplotypes. The most frequent haplogroup with respect to HVS II was haplogroup R, which was represented by 53 percent of the sampled population. The R group was followed by haplogroup M with 32% of individuals. The mega haplogroups recorded for the major ethnic groups of Abbottabad and Mansehra were H, R and M. These haplogroup distributions among the analyzed samples revealed the genetic lineage of people of Pakistani ancestry, with components from West Eurasia, South Asia, and a very limited contribution from Sub-Saharan haplogroups. The results provide a genetic baseline for understanding the biological affinities of the selected tribes of Abbottabad and Mansehra, and can be used as a useful source for forensic examination, molecular anthropology and population genetics of the people of the area.
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