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سید صادقؔ حسین

سید صادقؔ حسین (۱۸۹۸۔۱۹۸۹ء) نام اور صادقؔ تخلص کرتے تھے۔ آپ کھادڑ پاڑہ (کشمیر) میں پیدا ہوئے۔ آپ کے والدین نے کشمیر سے ہجرت کر کے شکر گڑھ (سیالکوٹ) میں سکونت اختیار کی۔ آپ کے والد صفدر کاظمی نے وفاقی سیکرٹری کے عہدے پر کام کیا۔ تعلیم مکمل کرنے کے بعد آپ نے ظفر وال سے وکالت کا آغاز کیا۔ آپ تحریکِ پاکستان میں کارکن کے طور پر کام کرتے رہے۔ ۱۹۳۶ء میں آپ صدر مسلم لیگ شکر گڑھ مقرر ہوئے۔ آپ کا واحد شعری مجموعہ ’’برگِ سبز‘‘ کے نام سے شائع ہوا۔ (۲۷۶)

صادق کو صرف ایک شعر کی وجہ سے اردو شاعر ی میں شہرت ملی۔ بعض حضرات اس شعر کو علامہ محمد اقبال سے منسوب کرتے ہیں۔ یہ شعر ان کے شعری مجموعے ’’برگ سبز‘‘ کی ایک غزل میں موجود ہے۔ شعر ملاحظہ ہو:

تندیٔ بادِ مخالف سے نہ گھبرا اے عقاب                       یہ تو چلتی ہے تجھے اونچا اڑانے کے لیے          (۲۷۷)

صادقؔ نظم اور غزل کے شاعر ہیں۔ نظم پر اقبال کے اثرات ہیں اور غزل میں روایت کی جھلک نظر آتی ہے۔ ان کی شاعری میں قرآن مجید کے منظوم تراجم بھی موجود ہیں۔ انہیں اسلام سے سچی محبت ہے۔ اس محبت کا اظہار وہ خدائے بزرگ و برتر کی حمد و ثنا سے کرتے ہیں۔ وہ قرآن پاک کا ترجمہ کرتے ہوئے عام فہم اور سادہ زبان استعمال کرتے ہیں۔ ان کا اسلوب اتنا اچھا ہے کہ وہ ترجمہ معلوم نہیں ہوتا۔ سورت فاتحہ کی کچھ آیات کا منظوم ترجمہ ملاحظہ ہو:

خداوندِ جہاں تیرے لئے تعریف ہے ساری                 کہ ہے لطف و کرم تیرا ہر انس و جان پر جاری               

تو ہی ہے مالک و مختارِ کل روزِ قیامت کا                           ہر اک ہم میں سے دم بھرتا ہے تیری ہی عبادت کا       

تری ہی...

اسلام اور جین مت میں طہارت کا تقابلی جائزہ

      Allah created all the required things fo the world since the world was given existence. Human was made its tenant and was equipped with art of living and eversince human life exists in all the corners of the world whatsoever religion they follow, but  they do follow a set of social principles in life. And literal meaning of those principles is called religion, because religion literally mean"way of living or manner of living". And contextually religion may be defined as the principles followed to live life.       In the light of this definition of religion some people have been confronted having no concept  of  religion, they are called Communists. But anyone who does not believe in Allah and the Prophet PBUH are termed Communists. In the following dissertation a comparison has been drawn between Islam and jeen Mat to show that no religion can compete Islam in terms of Clarity or cleanliness.

Allelopathy of Medicinal Plants and its Impact on Conservation of Soil Environment

The taxonomic richness of medicinal plants in Pakistan can foster notable economic contributions through medicinal, industrial and environmental applications. The release of allelochemicals from medicinal plants have metamorphosed the discourse of research on medicinal plants. The allelopathy epitomizes stimulatory or inhibitory interactions among organisms due to their inherent ability to forego biological invasions and impede biological activities by release of certain chemicals. This study extended to the allelopathic effect of 221 species collected from different regions of Pakistan. The cardinal objective was to assess the allelopathic effect of medicinal plants collected from different regions of Pakistan using dish pack method. As the dish pack method allows the assessment of allelopathic effect due to volatile secondary metabolites released from different plants. Hence, the germination and growth of lettuce was tested against selected plant species. The findings of this study envisaged the Boerhavia procumbens for strong inhibitory effect and Plectranthus rugosus for strong stimulatory effect due to release of volatile allelochemicals. The results hereby envisions future applications of allelopathy in sustainable agriculture, industry, weed management, agro-environment conservation, food security and soil conservation. The second objective of this study was to explore allelopathic effect of medicinal plants on the germination and seedling growth of lettuce using sandwich method. The 207 plant species had been tested using sandwich method to assess allelopathic effect of leachates of different parts of plants on lettuce seeds and provide baseline information for exploration of medicinal plants for economic benefits. The results of this study identifies 4 plants having strong inhibitory effect, 14 plants with medium inhibitory and 13 plants of low inhibitory effect on the lettuce seeds. Boerhavia procumbens exhibited the strongest inhibitory allelopathic effect and Viburnum grandiflorum presented strong stimulatory effect on the growth of lettuce seeds. The allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of different plant species on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) were also assessed in this study. We have selected nine plant species (Boerhavia procumbens Banks ex Roxb., Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don, Datura metel L., Asparagus adscendens Roxb., Plectranthus rugosus Wall. ex Benth. Parthenium hysterophorus L., Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott, Crotalaria medicaginea DC. and Amaranthus viridis L) and apply their aqueous extract directly to crop seeds as well as through the soil medium to assess their allelopathic effect in both conditions. The results apprehended that the aqueous extracts of all the selected species revealed significant inhibitory effect on germination and growth of wheat, maize and lettuce as compared to the aqueous extracts applied to the soil. However, lettuce was more influenced from the inhibitory effect followed by maize and wheat in the soil irrigated with the aqueous extracts of selected species. Hence, the diversified allelopathic effects of plants have the potential to improve weed management, sustainable agriculture, food production as well as medicinal, industrial and environmental applications
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