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جہاں گرد کی واپسی

جہاں گرد کی واپسی

مسافر قاہرہ کے ہوائی مستقر پر کھڑا اجازت لے رہا تھا ۔وقتِ رخصت ان کی آزردہ دلی مجھ سے دیکھی نہیں جا رہی تھی وطن واپسی کے لیے جہاز کے اڑان بھرنے سے چار گھنٹے پہلے مجھے ائیر پورٹ پہنچنا تھا ۔میں دو گھنٹے مزید پہلے پہنچا تھا ۔دکتورہ بسنت ،احمد صاحب ،، دکتورعلی،دکتورہ شائمہ اور باقی سارے دوستوں کے ساتھ مصر میں چھے دن اس قدر مصروف کہ وقت بیتنے کا احساس ہی نہیں ہوا اور اب رخصتی کے یہ چھے گھنٹے جیسے رک سے گئے ہیں ۔ سب کی محبت اور آنسوئوں سے لبریز آنکھیں میرا راستہ روک رہیں تھیں ۔دکتورہ بسنت کا ’’پھر کب آئو گے ‘‘والے سوال سے میرا پیچھا چھڑانا مشکل تھا۔ دکتورہ شائمہ کا مشورہ کہ ’’نیل کا پانی پی کر جائو جس نے بھی پیا واپس ضرور آیا ‘‘مصر سے میرے تعلق اور مراسم کے ایسے کچے دھاگے ہیں جن کی مضبوط گرفت سے خود کو آزاد کرانا مشکل ہو رہا تھا ۔کہا جاتا ہے کہ اہل مصر بے وفا ہوتے ہیں ،خود غرض ہوتے ہیں، حسب ضرورت و سہولت مراسم رکھتے ہیں مگر میں نے مصر اور اہل مصر کو وفادار انسان دوست اور ملنسار پایا ۔ اگر اہل مصر وفا شعار اور انسان دوست نہ ہوتے تو بازارِ مصر میں فروخت شدہ اور زندانِ زاویرا میں مقید رہنے والے حضرت یوسفؑ اپنے والد حضرت یعقوب ؑ اور اپنے اہل و عیال کو کنعان سے مصر مستقل سکونت کے لیے کیوں بلاتے ۔قاہرہ ائیر پورٹ کی انتظار گاہ کی کھڑکی سے روشن چاند واضح نظر آ رہا تھا یو ں لگ رہا تھا جیسے وادی سینا کے عقب سے چاند نے مصر کو منور کر نے کے لیے اپنے دودھیا اجالے کی پھوار پھینکی ہو ۔میں چشمِ تخیل سے ساحلوں ،ٹیلوں ،وادیوں...

افراد سازی میں خصوصی دلچسپیوں اور رجحانات کی رعایت سیرت طیبہ کی روشنی میں

One of the aspects of the teaching and grooming of people by the the of tendencies and interest special the considering was (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet companions and preparing, guiding, grooming and appreciating them in their respective fields of special interests and tendencies. This consideration of their special interests and tendencies and grooming and guiding them in this respect enabled them to exercise their abilities and serve the society in the academic, preaching, political, economic, social, judicial, diplomatic and other aspects. Until and unless the interest and tendencies of youth are not kept in mind, abilities of youth can never be utilized. Our Holy Prophet (ﷺ) took great care of youth’s interests before their training for specific field. The present paper intends to analyze the life of five companions and their excellence in field of education which was result of the Prophet’s consistent guidance and grooming according to their special interests and tendencies which resulted in their extra ordinary status in their respective fields and constructive contribution in the establishment and strengthening the structural foundations of society. The present Muslim world is in the need of seeking the guidance from the life of the Prophet in this respect and considering the special tendencies and interests of the youth and grooming, guiding and upbringing them in their respective fields so that they could contribute to the positive and constructive upbringing of the humanity in general and Muslim society in specific.

Species Diversity of Basidiomycetes of District Malakand

This dissertation communicates the results of a scientific endeavor undertaken for exploring the diversity of Basidiomycetous fungi of District Malakand, Pakistan. The District Malakand is an administrative unit of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, occupies 952 Km2 land within the geographical limits of 34⁰ 35’ to 34⁰ 66’ N and 71⁰ 65’ to 72⁰ 25’ E. Collections of mushrooms, rust and smut fungi were made from different area of Malakand District during the years 2013 and 2014. Field data of the specimens were recorded on the spot, proper photographs were taken and the collection was dried and preserved accordingly. More than 150 specimens of Basidiomycota were collected, comprising of 51 taxa belonging to 17 families. Distribution pattern of the groups shows that Agaricomycotina, the mushroom forming fungi, was the largest group represented by 39 species, Pucciniomycotina, the pathogenic rust fungi by 11 species and the smut fungi, Ustilaginomycotina, with a single species viz., Urocystis avenastri. All these fungi were characterized morpho-anatomically. The members of Agaricomycotina were also subjected to molecular identification, based on four gene regions viz., ITS, nrLSU, rpb2, tef-1α. Phylogenies of the analyzed taxa were elaborated with maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian analysis. Our research outputs includes one new species to science viz., Tulotoma ahmadii. Ten more taxa viz., Agaricus malakandensis nom. prov., A. minorus nom. prov., Cantharocybe pakistanicus nom. prov., Coprinopsis hispidus nom. prov., Hymenagaricus pakistaniensis nom. prov., Leucoagaricus badius nom. prov., La. xiii sultanii nom. prov., Parasola lentiformis nom. prov., Pa. malakandensis nom. prov. and Psathyrella fusiformis nom. prov., are in the process of recognition / publication as new species. Furthermore, other 12 species viz., Agrocybe semiorbicularis, Conocybe papillata, Coprinellus curtus, Marasmiellus palmivorus, Pleurotus cystidiosus, Parasola lilatincta, Pa. schroeterii, Stropharia ambigua, Puccinia microspora, P. nakanishikii, Termitomyces umkowaan and Trametes lactinea are added as new records to the species list of the fungi of Pakistan. In Agaricomycotina, Agaricaceae proved to be the most frequent family represented by six genera (Agaricus, Hymenagaricus, Leucoagaricus, Leucocoprinus, Lycoperdon and Tulostoma). The second largest family was Psathyrellaceae with four genera viz., Coprinellus, Coprinopsis, Parasola and Psathyrella. Only two genera were recorded for each the family i.e., Omphalotaceae, Polyporaceae and Strophariaceae. Whereas families like Bolbitaceae, Hygrophoraceae, Hymenocheataceae, Geastraceae, Lyophyllaceae, Miripelaceae, Mirulaceae, Pleurotaceae and Pluteaceae were represented by a single genus each i.e., Conocybe, Cantharocybe, Phillanus, Geastrum, Termitomyces, Rigidoporus, Irpex, Pleurotus and Volvariella, respectively. Pucciniomycotina was represented by two families, Phragmidiaceae (Phragmidium) and Puccineaceae represented by (Puccinia, Uromyces). The Ustiloginomycotina was monotypic only represented by Urocystis avenastri. This study concluded that low altitude mountains, foothills and grassy lands of Malakand are rich in fungi species and needs exploration of other groups also. These findings have not only upgraded the existing knowledge of basidiomycetes Mycota from District Malakand but also established a sound baseline for future research and exploitation of fungi in Pakistan.
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