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سر آئزک بیلی بالفور

سر ائزک بیلی بالفور

            سر ائزک بیلی بالفور کی موت علمی دنیا کا حادثہ سمجھا جاتا ہے۔ سرمذکور ۳۴ سال تک اڈنبرا یونیورسٹی کے علم نباتات کے اعلیٰ پروفیسر رہے ہیں۔ (فروری ۱۹۲۳ء)

 

Majmu’ Hadits Integrasi Ilmu dan Islamisasi Digital Majmu' Hadith Integration of Science and Digital Islamization

Sains (ilmu pengetahuan) merupakan sesuatu yang penting dalam agama Islam. Integrasi sains dan agama berarti berupaya untuk memadukan antara sains dan agama, tak harus berarti menyatukan atau bahkan mencampuradukan, karena identitas atau watak dari masing-masing kedua entitas itu tak mesti hilang dan harus tetap dipertahankan. Dalam paradigma Islam, integrasi antara agama dan sains adalah sesuatu yang mungkin adanya, karena didasarkan pada gagasan ke-Esa-an (tauhid). Sudah saatnya, sains dan agama harus menghadirkan kesadaran yang muncul lewat pandangan-pandangan yang lebih harmonis, holistik, dan komprehensif. Alat digital merupakan salah satu medium terbaik untuk tujuan tersebut. Artikel ini merangkum bagaimana Integrasi Ilmu dan Islamisasi Digital menciptakan ruang bagi umat Islam untuk menggabungkan spiritualitas dengan teknologi, menghasilkan dampak positif dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan. Dengan mengambil langkah-langkah menuju integrasi ini, umat Islam dapat menjaga identitas keagamaan mereka sambil tetap berkontribusi dalam era digital yang terus berkembang.

Associationof Tlr3 Genetic Variationswith the Development of Hcc in Hcv Infected Pakistanipopulation

Hepatitis C was called ?vigorous time explode? because it can extend rapidly and silently and disturbing more than 200 million people all over the world every year. According to some recent researches, in Pakistan, almost 10 million peoples were affected by HCV. The occurrence of hepatitis differs from country to country and varies among discrete areas of the same country. The major cause of increased HCV prevalence among the Pakistani was the reuse of injected syringes, unrestricted blood transfusions, and attentiveness. Activation of these TLRs may contribute to the inflammatory destruction caused by HCV. It had been shown recently that, HCV targets the TLR3 pathway to aid in immune evasion. TLR3 was only one of four viral recognition receptors placed within the endosome and it was plausible that HCV may target others. The aim of this research is to seek out the causes of HCC development in HCV patients of Pakistan. To pursue this research study, 200 blood samples of HCV patients were collected from the DHQ hospital of Okara city. Then blood samples of HCV were undergone through the DNA extraction process, which was the initial step and most basic step for this analysis, later Gel Electrophoresis was completed form size and excellence of extracted DNA. After that, specific primers of TLR3 gene was designed according to target areas and then optimized with reaction mixture to get copies of targeted genes, During PCR amplification, RTPCR conditions were applied to find the specific annealing temperature which gives the maximum amplification of target region and use the minimum reaction mixture to get the desired results. After DNA amplification through PCR, another technique named as a High-resolution melting curve was used to find the percentage of mutational occurrence is controlled and HCV patient, which leads to identifying the progression of disease in individuals. By applying the HRM method, some values were extracted to estimate the chance of occurrence of heterozygous condition TC for the TLR3 gene in both HCV and control patients which are 0.039 and for homozygous condition CC was 0.017. There was a significant difference between the dominant and recessive models as 4 (4%) of control and 11 (6%) of HCV patients shows chi-square value for TC+TT as 0.86(0.57-1.29) and p-value as 0.538. On the other hand, the recessive model gave a value of 8.24 for 57(57%) control and 43(43%) HCV patients.We assumed that HCV infection may intrude with the appearance and role of TLR3, a sensor of ssRNA. Investigating any effect on TLR3 by HCV may disclose a new mechanism for HCV immune evasion. In conclusion, the Hepatitis C Virus manipulates specific TLR3 function and expression and their signaling pathways disturb cytokine production. HCV modifies TLR3, a viral recognition receptor, via decreasing mRNA constancy which could enable the illusion of host immune observation. There was an association between the occurrence of HCC and infection with HCV in Pakistan.
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