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مفتی امین الحسینی

مفتی امین الحسینی
افسوس ہے کہ گزشتہ مئی میں مجاہد جلیل مفتی امین الحسینی نے انتقال کیا، ان کی پوری زندگی جہاد مسلسل کی ایک داستان ہے، اسرائیل کے قیام کے بعد سے برابر اس کے خلاف جدوجہد میں لگے رہے، فلسطین کا مسئلہ اگرچہ ابتداء سے مسلمانوں کا مذہبی مسئلہ تھا اور انھوں نے اسی وقت سے اس کے خلاف احتجاج شروع کردیا تھا، لیکن جب تک اسرائیل نے پروبال نہ نکالے تھے اس کے عواقب و نتائج پر ان کی پوری نظر نہ تھی، مفتی صاحب کی دوربین نگاہ نے اس کو محسوس کرلیا تھا اور انھوں نے پوری دنیائے اسلام کا سفر کرکے مسلمانوں کو اس کے خطرات سے آگاہ اور اس کے مقابلے پر آمادہ کیا، اس سلسلہ میں وہ ہندوستان بھی آئے تھے، اس لئے اس مسئلہ میں جان ان ہی نے ڈالی تھی اور اس راہ میں قید و بند جلاوطنی ہر قسم کی مصیبتیں جھیلیں اور اسی جہاد پر ان کا خاتمہ ہوا۔ ایسی عظیم شخصیتیں مدتوں میں پیدا ہوتی ہیں اس لئے ان کی موت تنہا عربوں کا نہیں بلکہ پوری دنیائے اسلام کا حادثہ ہے، اﷲ تعالیٰ اس مجاہد جلیل کے مدارج بلند فرمائے۔
(شاہ معین الدین ندوی، اگست ۱۹۷۴ء)

The Tradition of Innovation in Islamic Civilization: An Exclusive Study of Early Ages of Islam

اسلامی تہذیب میں تازہ کاری کی روایت: قرون اولی کا اختصاصی مطالعہ Islamic civilization was founded by the Holy Prophet (May blessings of Allah and peace be upon him) right from the beginning of Islam. Each civilization and every culture are deeply affected by the concurrent cultures and civilizations and it used to adopt and borrow many things from other civilizations. Similarly, Islamic civilization and culture borrowed many aspects from other prevailing civilizations. With the passing day, these intercultural relations and exchanges became the part and parcel of the Islamic civilization. Such communications, and they have marked all epochs in Islamic history, occur in greatly diverse ways. The Holy Prophet also approved some traditions in this regard and the four Caliphs adopted many customs too. This reflects the adoption and concluding from other civilizations is not prohibited in every case, but this adoption must not be against Islamic teachings. Now a days, the entire world has become a worldwide town because of internet and technological developments. It is relatively obvious that Muslims are adopting many things from western civilization and culture without knowing its legitimacy or illegitimacy. Resultantly, these activities apparently become the chunk of Islamic civilization. This investigation seeks guidance from golden period of Islam i.e. Early centuries of Islam and describes its validity or voidness. In this article, these experiences of Islamic civilization and culture in adopting and concluding from other civilizations and cultures have been conferred and their principles and opinion of the prominent scholars, in this context, been talked about in the light of Islamic teachings. This study will promulgate awareness about the tradition of innovation in Islamic civilization and will provide guidance to the new researchers about this topic.  

Seasonal Biodiversity of Braconidae Hymenoptera in Citrus Orchards of Sargodha, Pakistan

Citrus is one of the important fruit grown in Punjab, particularly in Sargodha region. Its export plays a vital role in Pakistan‟s economy. However it is adeversely affected by many biotic and abiotic factors. Among biotic factors, a large number of insect pests attack on citrus crop even before flowering to fruit formation which ultimately results in decreased fruit production and poor juice contents. A large number of insecticides are used to control citrus insect pests but their indiscriminate use causes environmental pollution, primary pest outbreak, secondary pest resurgence and development of resistance against insecticides. Therefore, to overcome the ill-effects of insecticides, there is a need to design a widespread integrated pest management strategy. In nature, different natural enemies play a vital role in the reduction of citrus insect pest‟s population. Natural enemies such as predators, parasitoids and pathogens are used for biological control of different insect pests. Several natural enemies attack on various prey or host species while few are host specific such as parasitoids. Most of the parasitoids belong to family Braconidae of order Hymenoptera which contains large number of parasitoid species that successfully control several important plant pests. This family comprises of 44-47 subfamilies and about 1000 genera with over 40,000 species that are widely distributed all over the world. Prevalence of more number of species in district Sargodha provided us basic information about the efficiency of parasitoids as biocontrol agent. In this study, braconids fauna from different localities of Sargodha region were explored, with particular reference to citrus orchards. For this purpose different kinnow orchards in selected localities were selected for the collection of parasitoids and their mummies. The parasitoids were identified under the microscope using taxonomic keys. Confusing species of parasitoids were further identified by their DNA sequences. Diversity index (Simpson) method was used to find the most prevalent species in each tehsil of district Sargodha.
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