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46. Al-Ahqaf /The Sand Dunes

46. Al-Ahqaf /The Sand Dunes

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

46:01
a. Ha. Mim.

46:02
a. The sending down of this Book – The Divine Qur’an - is from Allah.
b. The Almighty, The All-Wise.

46:03
a. WE did not create the celestial realm and the terrestrial world and whatever is between them, except for a purpose and for a specified time.
b. Yet those who disbelieve continue turning away from what they are warned about – coming of The Time of Final Judgment.

46:04
a. Say O The Prophet:
b. ‘Consider those who call on other entities apart from Allah.
c. Show me what part of the terrestrial world they have created?
d. Or do they have any partnership in the creation and maintenance of the celestial realm?
e. Bring me any form of a Scripture that came to you before this Qur’an, or any tradition of
Divine knowledge, if you are truthful.’

46:05
a. And who could be more astray/misguided than the one who calls on other entities apart from Allah-
b. those who will not respond to him even until the Time of Resurrection,
c. while they are not even aware of their being called on?

46:06
a. And when people are gathered together for the Final Judgment they – their worshipful entities - will become hostile to those who worshiped them,
b. and they are going to deny all acts of their worship.

46:07
a. But whenever OUR Messages in The Qur’an are recited to them in all their clarity,
b. those who...

Legal Authority of the Prophet Muhammad and the Orientalists: A Critical Study

Civic behavior reflects the values related to individual’s attitude towards family, peer group, and neighborhood and includes the way one behaves in the society and community as a whole. The purpose of the present study is to describe what civic behavior is, its characteristics, its status in the Hadith, and the way forward for improvement of the civic behavior as guided by Sīrah of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ). Study implies that truthfulness, mercifulness, polite talk, helping others, respect for others, caring and sharing and promise-keeping, loyalty, sympathy, honesty, kindness, brotherhood, cooperation, fairness and unity are the core qualities that make the individual a civilized and active citizen and our Holy Prophet (ﷺ) is the embodiment of all these virtues. Descriptive approach was followed to explain and analyze the concept. First the concept of civic behavior was interpreted, then its importance and characteristics were discussed. After that it was explored in the light of the teachings of the Quran and the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). The findings highlight that the civic behavior in its best form was preached and practiced by the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) and his companions. Each dimension was interpreted in the light of the Quran and the Sīrah. It was concluded that Sīrah of the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) is an immaculate source of guidance and inspiration for not only Muslims but also for the whole mankind in acquiring the core values and abilities that determine the Civic behavior of an individual which ultimately results into a well-organized, peaceful and civilized society The study suggests that civic behavior of the citizens has significant impact on the formation and development of a peaceful society. It is recommended that civic behavior as reflected in the life of and practiced by the Holy Prophet (ﷺ) should be promoted and practiced for achieving a civilized social setup.

Customer Churn Prediction in Telecommunication Using Computational Intelligence

Telecommunication industry has grown rapidly during the last decade. The number of cellular subscribers is approaching about 96% of total population of the world. In such a fierce competition, telecom service providers are facing saturated markets with little room for penetration. Therefore, telecom companies are focusing more on customer retention, which is considered cost effective as compared to adding new customers. Moreover, customer retention is more economical as it does not involve any additional marketing expense. Long term customers are also considered as easier to serve, contribute more toward stable profitability, and introduce new referrals as well. On the other hand, new customers are hard to be attracted in competitive markets and take little longer for establishing loyalties with the new service providers. Therefore, telecom industry requires a reliable churn prediction system, which accurately identifies the customers who are about to switch over to another service provider. The role of customer churn prediction system has become pivotal in retaining customers expected to churn by luring them with the improved service packages. This preceding knowledge of customers‟ churning would enable service providers to avoid sizeable revenue losses. Consequently for churn prediction, researchers have investigated many interesting data mining techniques that can meet the specific demands of telecom industry. However, the telecom churn prediction is still a challenging tak because of the the big size, imbalanced class distribution, and high dimensionality of telecom datasets. The main focus of this thesis is to identify discriminative feature extraction techniques and effective sampling methods to cater for the enormous nature of telecom datasets. Additionally, investigations are made to develop a churn prediction system with better classification and interpreting capabilities. This thesis makes the following contributions in the area of telecom churn prediction: 1) Analysis of minimum redundancy and maximum relevance (mRMR) method for extracting relevant and meaningful features, 2) Exploiting Genetic Algorithm based wrapper method to remove any redundant features from selected features, 3) Analysis of PSO xvi based intelligent sampling technique and its comparison to conventional undersampling techniques, 4) Constructing efficient churn prediction systems using computational intelligence based ensemble classification approaches (CP-MRF, Chr-mRF FEW-ChrP), 5) Employing novel GP-AdaBoost based ensemble classifier to develop an efficient churn prediction system with the additional capability of identifying factors responsible for churning, 6) Attaining highest churn prediction performance of 0.862 AUC and 0.910 AUC on Orange and Cell2Cell telecom datasets, respectively. 7) Extracting 47 useful features from 260 original features of Orange dataset and 35 features from 76 original features of Cell2Cell dataset. In short, under this research work extensive simulations are performed to examine the prediction performance of the proposed churn prediction systems distinguishing churners from non-churners.
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