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ہجر فراق سوہنے یار دے وچ: ۴

سی حرفی ۔۴
(دوہرے بیت وچ، رسال پور۱۹۹۵)
الف
آس نہیں ٹُٹدی، تے جند نہیں چھٹدی، وچ دلیلاں پئیاں تے مر گئیاں
تیز نگاہواں، خونی مژگاں، بہہ جگر وچ گئیاں، روندی پئیاں
ہجر فراق برہوں دی سولی، سرتاں مول نہ رہیاں، ہوشاں گئیاں
آکھ حنیف نہ چین دلے نوں، عشقے نے لٹ لیاں عقلاں گئیاں

ب
بس کر ماہی تے پا نہ پھاہی، اساں ونجناں کیچ ضرور اے، دل مجبور اے
وطناں توں اساں چا چت چائے، انج پایا عشق فتور اے، ماہی مغرور اے
ملساں جھوک سجن دی جا کے، بھانویں پینڈا دور اے، وانگ تندور اے
مر مر یار حنیف نوں پایا، کیتا پیش حضور اے، چکنا چور اے
ت
ترس نہ آیا مینڈا حال ونجایا، دل ہویا وانگ کباب اے، باہجھ حساب اے
کر کر آہیں بلدیاں بھاہیں، ہوئی روح ڈاہڈی بے تاب اے، حال خراب اے
صورت دلبر دی لاثانی، چہرہ نقش کتاب اے، لا جواب اے
حسن حنیف ہے فانی ہر شے،وہم خیال تے خواب اے، مثل حباب اے

ث
ثابت قدم تے صدق چنگیرا، پاسیں دس منزل دی، نیت پھل دی
ہمت مرداں دی کم کر دی، فتح سنیہے گھل دی، آس مچلدی
کر کر یاد سجن نوں ہر دم، رکھاں تاہنگ وصل دی، کاتی چل دی
مار حنیف مکایا نیناں، دھاری تیز کاجل دی، جان نہ جھلدی
ج
جدوں دا ماہی گیا، میکوں گیاں بھل تکراراں، منیاں ہاراں
وچھڑی کونج وانگوں کرلاواں، تے روندی زار و زاراں، چیکاں ماراں
رُت خزاں دی، غم دا موسم، گزریاں موج بہاراں، لالہ زاراں
بھُج مکئی حنیف ہسیندی، اکھیں برسن باراں، پین پھوہاراں

ح
حوالے رب دے کر کے، ٹھیل دتے نے بیڑے، چپو گیڑے
آس اللہ دی مہر محمدؐ، آئے منزل نیڑے، مکے جھیڑے
جھوک سجن دی نیڑے آئی، کدھی لگے بیڑے، رب نبیڑے

الرّسم العثماني وأثره على المعاني القرآنية

The Holy Qur’an is miraculous in its words, methods, organization, statements, drawings and writing, as cited and agreed by all researchers, we aim through this research to: define the Ottoman drawing in Arabic language, terminologically, demonstrating its benefits, the rule of commitment to it, weighing between sayings, demonstrating its six rules, explaining and discussing the differences between the Quranic words drawings and mentioning several examples. The most important results of this research are: 1- The opinion which comforts one's self is the commitment to Ottoman drawing, and not to be written by modern spelling methods. 2- The Ottoman drawing has multiple benefits and advantages, which are not available in any other, so that it attracts commitment and reservation. 3- It has a very significant concurrence between the drawing and the meaning of the words and verses of Quran. 4- The Qura’nic word drawing strengthens the meaning and gives the full dimensions; achieving the honesty of Allah's saying: "and whose words can be truer than those of Allah?". 5- The letters' contiguity of Quranic word, knowing its characteristics embodies the meaning with the best picture. 6- The miracle of Ottoman drawing is a modern issue that Abdalaziz Ad-Dabbagh calls the most famous and the oldest one who declared this.        The most important recommendations made in this article are: 1- Conducting more researches about the benefits of Ottoman drawing, where it still needs more studies to be conducted, and more thoughts and meditations. 2- The spread of Ottoman drawing commitment culture between Quran teachers and students. 3- Obligating all Quranic associations that adopts Quran writing to write in Ottoman drawing, and prevent any other forms of writing. 4- Obligating all students and researchers to depend on Ottoman drawing through their studies and researches; which establishes a promotion to spread its culture. 5- Guiding the researchers for more studies on this topic, throughout a focused studies and clear scientific plans.

Plant-Microbe Interaction in Wheat Triticum Aestivum L. under Different Crop Rotations

Present study was conducted on plant-microbe interactions in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under wheat-rice and wheat-cotton rotations. Soil samples were collected from rhizosphere of wheat and used for isolation of bacteria on LB medium as well as on selective media for phosphate solubilizers and nitrogen fixers. A total of 29 isolates were obtained and identified on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as Azospirillum (2 strains), Acinetobacter (2 strains), Actinobacteria (1 strain), Arthrobacter (3 strains), Bacillus (5 strains), Enterobacter (3 strains), Microbacterium (2 strains), Pantoea (one strain), Pseudomonas (4 strains) and one strain each of the genera Sphingobacteria, Terribacillus and Xanthomonas. In the present study, pqqE (a gene known to have a role in P-solubilization) was PCR amplified and sequenced. Sequence analysis of pqqE gene amplified from Arthrobacter sp. WP-2, Pseudomonas spp. T-27 and NN-4 showed maximum (80-81%) sequence similarity with that of Pseudomonas putida and that of Pantoea sp. WP-5 with Klebsiella (84%). Phosphate solubilization (a plant beneficial trait) activity was detected in 12 bacterial strains. Among the tested strains, high P- solubilization activity (207-311 μg/mL) was detected in the pure cultures of Arthrobacter sp. WP-2, Azospirillum sp. WS-1, Bacillus sp. T-34, Enterobacter spp. T-41 & T-42, Pantoea sp. WP-5 and Pseudomonas sp. T-27. The most efficient indol-3-acetic acid producing (11-31 μg/mL ) strains among the isolates were Bacillus sp. T-34, Enterobacter sp. T-41, Pseudomonas sp. WP-1, Arthrobacter sp. WP-2 and Azospirillum sp. WS-1. Selected bacterial isolates were tested as inocula for wheat grown in sterelized sand, in earthen pots (filled with non-sterelized soil) and finally evaluated in field trials under wheat-rice and wheat-cotton crop rotation. Maximum increase in grain yield over control was noted in plants inoculated with Azospirillum spp. WS-1 & WB-3 and Bacillus sp. T-34 under wheat-rice rotation (10-15%) and under wheat-cotton rotation (7-14%). Bacterial population determined at different growth stages of inoculated plants indicated maximum number of bacteria (108-109 cfu/g dry soil) at booting stage. Organic acids (acetic acid, citric acid, malic acid and oxalic acid) and sugars (sucrose and glucose) were detected in rhizosheaths of wheat grown under both crop rotations. Diversity of bacteria in the rhizosheath of wheat under both crop rotations was studied through direct soil DNA analysis of 16S rRNA using barcoded pyrosequencing. From the soil samples a total XIV of 46,971 cleaned sequences were obtained with read length of 319 bp. Among these sequences, 48.8% sequences were obtained from wheat-cotton rotation while 51.2% from wheat-rice crop rotation. Out of total 46,971 sequences, 11,729 (24.97%) showed 97% similarity with phylotypes having PGPR activity. The results showed that in wheat-cotton and wheat-rice rotation, Proteobacteria were dominant (25.1% and 35.7%, respectively), followed by un-classified bacteria (20.5% and 17.1%, respectively) and Actinobacteria (17.7% and 13.6%). However, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Planctomyctes, Bacteriodetes, Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Nitrospora were also present. It was also observed that out of 495 different phylotypes detected, 280 phylotypes were common in both the crop rotations while 96 were only abundant in wheat-rice rotation and 41 were only present in wheat-cotton rotation system. Diversity of diazotrophs was determined in rhizosheath of wheat under both crop rotations by nifH sequence analysis amplified from soil DNA. A total of 41,287 nifH sequences were obtained with read length of 339-345 bp. The results showed that in wheat-rice and wheat-cotton cropping system, Proteobacteria were dominant (61.3% and 59.9%, respectively). However, sequences related to Cyanobacteria, Chlorobi, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Euryarchaeota, Spirochaetes, Actinobacteria and Fibrobacteres were also detected. Sequence analysis indicated presence of nifH sequences belonging to 150 different nitrogen fixing genera. Among these 150 genera, 22.6% genera were present only in wheat-rice rotation, 12.6% genera were found in wheat-cotton rotaion and 40.6% genera were present in both the cropping systems.
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