Search results for "Muhammad Mian Akram"
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دھڑکنوں سے پیام آیا ہے
دھڑکنوں سے پیام آیا ہے
میری رگ رگ میں وہ سمایا ہے
کوئی کیوں تیرے ساتھ ساتھ چلے
میں ہی ہوں اور میرا سایا ہے
اُس کی مسکان پر ہیں پھول فدا
چاند پر حسن اس کا چھایا ہے
کوئے جاناں میں بکتے یوسف کو
کوئی کیوں کر خرید لایا ہے
آج دھڑکن بھی تیز ہے دل کی
آج اُن کا سلام آیا ہے
میں بصد شوق منتظر تھی فضاؔ
دل یہ کس کا پیام لایا ہے
Plating versus Ilizarov Technique for Complex Tibial Plateau Fractures: A Comparative Study on Functional Outcome and Patient Satisfaction
ObjectiveTo compare clinical and functional outcomes and complications of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) by plating and Ilizarov technique in complex tibial plateau fractures. MethodsThis study is a randomized clinical trial accompanying 56 patients having Schatzker type V and VI tibial plateau fractures. We divided patients into two groups for management. Group I; open reduction internal fixation versus Ilizarov technique (Group II). We conducted at the Orthopedics Department, Jinnah post-graduate medical centre, Karachi, from April-2018 to Oct2020. The endpoint assessed patients’ satisfaction and clinical and functional outcomes up to an 18-month follow-up. ResultsThe aetiology of tibial fracture was mainly road traffic accidents (RTA); 17 (70.9%) in ORIF versus 23 (71.8%) in the Ilizarov group. According to clinical outcomes, excellent extension lag was achieved in 100% of patients in both groups. Most patients had excellent knee flexion, thigh atrophy and instability outcomes (54.1% vs 59.37%, 87.5% vs 81.2% and 83.3% vs 87.5%). The functional outcome assessment was done and recorded for 18 months of follow-up. There was no significant difference in normal walking, stair climbing, squatting, jumping and duck walking between the groups. The overall rate of complications was similar; 11 (45.8%) in ORIF versus 17 (53.12%) in the Illizarov group (p-value 0.78). ConclusionOur study concludes that there is an excellent clinical and functional outcome found in both procedures. DOI: https: //doi. Org/10.59564/amrj/01.01/008Boundary Element Methods for Incompressible Fluid Flow Problems
In this modern age of science and technology, the numerical methods such as Boundary Element Methods (BEMs) versus empirical methods have received great attention from researchers and have become more important for the numerical solutions of a number of physical problems in the fields of applied mathematics, physics and engineering. Boundary element method is a numerical technique in which the boundary of body under consideration is subdivided into a series of discrete elements over which the function can vary. The astonishing advances in this method have made it a versatile and powerful technique of computational methods. The method is providing a fertile research area and the field of its applications is continuously widening day by day. This method is superior to the domain type methods such as Finite Difference Method (FDM) and Finite Element Method (FEM), etc. due to its remarkable features. One of the most significant features is the much smaller size of the system of equations and considerable reduction in data, which is pre-requisite to run a computer program efficiently. Moreover, the method is ideally suited to the problems with infinite domains. Therefore, such method is computationally more efficient, accurate, time saving and economical. Boundary element methods can be usually formulated using two different approaches known as the ‘direct’ and ‘indirect’ methods. The direct method takes the form of a statement which provides the values of unknown variables at any field point in terms of the complete set of all the boundary data, whereas the indirect method uses the distribution of singularities over the body surface or the flow field and computes such distribution as the solution for an integral equation. Furthermore, this method is an active area of research in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and it has been very useful in dealing with fluid flow problems. In this thesis, the author has used different formulations of BEM such as ‘direct’ and ‘indirect’ methods for calculating the solutions for incompressible fluid flow problems. These methods have been implemented on computer using FORTRAN 77. In chapter 0, the basic concepts necessary in the study of Fluid Mechanics are given. In chapter 1, statement of the problem, literature review and the method of solutions are given. The general equations for viscous fluid flow are presented in chapter 2. In chapter 3, equations for boundary element methods are derived. Chapter 4 deals with the discretisation of equation for boundary element method. In chapter 5, the indirect boundary element method has been used to calculate the flow field around two – and three – dimensional bodies. The direct and indirect boundary element methods have been applied to calculate viscous incompressible flow (Oseen flow) around a circular cylinder in chapter 6. Finally, in chapter 7 both the direct and indirect boundary element methods have been used to calculate three – dimensional highly viscous incompressible flow (Creeping flow) past a sphere. It has been observed that the computed results in all the above mentioned cases are in good agreement with the analytical results. At the end, the conclusion and extension for further work have been given.Top Institutes
Quaid-i-Azam University 19341 International Islamic University 13485 Allama Iqbal Open University 6745 University of Management and Technology 6421 University of the Punjab 6331 COMSATS University Islamabad 5859 Riphah International University 4537 University of Karachi 3239 University of Engineering and Technology 2261 University of Peshawar 2068
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