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مولانا حفظ الرحمن سیوہاروی

کل من علیھا فان
آہ!کیونکر کہیے! جس کا کھٹکا شروع سے لگا ہوا تھا آخروہی ہو کر رہا۔ آٹھ، نو مہینے کی اس درمیانی مدت میں رہ کر وہ کونسا اعلیٰ سے اعلیٰ علاج تھا جس میں کوئی دقیقہ اٹھا کے رکھا گیا نہ ہو۔سیکڑوں ختم بخاری شریف کے ہوئے۔ہزاروں لاکھوں، اﷲ کے نیک بندوں نے دعائے شبانہ کی ۔ اکابر و بزرگان ملت نے غلاف کعبہ پکڑ کرمنتیں مانیں۔ مگر جو مشیت کافیصلہ تھا وہ ہوکر رہا اور۲/اگست کوآخری شب میں ملت اسلامیہ کے ترکش کاخدنگ آخریں،علم وفضل کے خزانہ کاگوہر شب چراغ، درج شرف ومجد کا در تابندہ،اخلاق وفضائل کاپیکر،ملک اورقوم کی دساور کا متاع گرانما یہ اس عالم ناسوت کوخیرآباد کہہ کر ہمیشہ کے لیے جداہوگیااور اور دنیا کوایک ماتم سرابنا گیا۔اناﷲ واناالیہ راجعون۔عربی کے مشہور شعر میں قیس کی جگہ’’حفظ‘‘رکھ دیجیے تومعلوم ہوگا کہ یہ شعر عرصہ پہلے کسی نے اسی موقع کے لیے کہا تھا:
وماکان حفظ ھلکہ ھلک واحد
ولکنہ بنیان قوم تھدما
مولانا حفظ الرحمن یوں ہونے کو توکیا نہیں تھے۔علوم وفنون اسلامیہ کے بلندپایہ عالم،متصوف،مصنف،ولولہ انگیز خطیب اورمقرر،جنگ آزادی کے سپہ سالار اور ہیرو، مخلص اوربے لوث خادم ملک وملت سبھی کچھ تھے۔ مگر ملک کی آزادی کے بعد اُنھوں نے جو رول ادا کیاہے اُس کی تاریخ اس قدر شاندار ہے کہ اس میں کوئی ایک شخص بھی اُن کاحریف وسہیم نہیں ہوسکتا۔بے لوث اورجانبازانہ خدمت کی وجہ سے اُن کے قومی کارناموں کاریکارڈ اس درجہ بے داغ تھا کہ اُن کابڑے سے بڑا مخالف بھی اس پرحرف گیری نہیں کرسکتا تھا۔اس کے علاوہ صاف دماغی اورمعاملہ فہمی کایہ عالم تھا کہ اعلیٰ سے اعلیٰ تعلیم یافتہ حضرات اور بلندپایہ ارباب سیاست کے مجمع میں بیٹھتے تھے اوراُن سے اپنی بات منواکر اُٹھتے تھے۔ پھر حق گوئی اورجرأت کی یہ شان کہ جس چیز کوحق سمجھا اسے برملا...

The Role of Money in Capitalistic and Islamic Economic Systems: A Comparative Study

Money has a great role to play in the economic system. It is a backbone of all commercial and financial transactions. Its role is well defined and established since ages; the fundamental role as a medium of exchange and standard of values. Furthermore, if the functional role of money is positive and productive, it leads to the economic growth and expansion of economic activities. Likewise, the injudicious role of money created several economic fluctuations and frequent financial distortions in the economic history. The article suggests that the injudicious role of money created economic disorder and caused financial crisis in the global economy. The research paper attempts to explore the role of money from Islamic and Capitalistic perspectives. In the capitalistic system, the money is being used as a tradable commodity in the banking and financial sector. The Islamic perspective is based on the teachings of Quran and Sunnah, and jurisdictions of Muslim scholars, in this context, money is only a means of exchange and measure of value. The qualitative research approach has been applied to the discussion and based on the literature review and available data, it is recommended that there is a dire need to review the role of money. The role of money as a tradable commodity caused distortions in the existing system.  It is recommended that the banking business needs to be operated on profit and loss sharing rather than the trading of money as a commodity.  

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Persistent Organic Pollutants Metabolizing Bacteria

Present study was designed to isolate and characterize the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) metabolizing bacteria from tannery effluents and petrol contaminated soil samples collected from gasoline stations of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. For the isolation of individual bacteria capable of metabolizing different POPs methods of selective enrichment culture and serial dilution were employed. Followed by isolation, growth behavior, corresponding POPs removal efficiencies, biochemical characteristics and antibiotics resistance profiles were documented. For molecular analysis, 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced. Retrieved sequences were analyzed through BLAST analysis and to reflect relationship phylogenetic trees were constructed using software MEGA version 7. To detect the possible metabolic pathways responsible for POPs degradation, the isolates with high removal efficiencies were selected. Extracellular and intracellular metabolites of the selected bacteria were extracted and subjected to GC-MS and LC-MS analysis. Effect of selected carbon source on proteins production of bacteria was elucidated through LC-MS analysis of the intracellular proteins extracted from various bacterial isolates. The 16S rRNA metagenome sequencing was performed in order to confirm the POPs metabolizing potential of isolated bacteria among the bacterial community of tannery effluent and petrol contaminated soil. Shotgun metagenome sequencing helped to determine the possible genes and pathways associated with POPs degradation. Total forty-one bacteria were isolated during present study of which twenty-eight were toluene metabolizing, four were naphthalene metabolizing and nine were petrol metabolizing bacteria. The top BLAST similarity analysis revealed similarity of isolates with Brevibacillus agri strain NBRC 15538 (n = 27), Bacillus paralicheniformis strain KJ-16 (n = 4), Burkholderia lata strain 383 (n = 6), Burkholderia pyrrocinia strain LMG 14191 (n = 1) and Brevibacillus formosus strain NBRC 15716 (n = 3). All isolates were found sensitive to teicoplanin and linezolid and resistant to oxacillin and chloramphenicol. However, two bacteria, IUBT9 and IUBT26, exhibited sensitivity to oxacillin. Present study bacteria were examined to have considerable toluene removal potential (28-93%), naphthalene removal potential (70-83%) and petrol removal potential (41-69.5%). Biochemical characterization revealed presence of many valuable enzymes like arginine dehydrolase, naphthylamidase, glucosaminidase and phosphatase and ability of isolates to ferment variety of sugars like esculin, mannitol, sorbitol and inulin. GC-MS and LC-MS based analysis of bacterial metabolites confirmed degradation potential of the isolated bacteria to metabolize toluene, naphthalene and petrol through not only the earlier reported metabolic pathways but also some novel metabolic pathways which have not been reported so far. LC-MS analysis of bacterial proteins revealed the presence of enzymes involved in the degradation of toluene, synthesis of secondary metabolites, central dogma of gene expression, chemotaxis, spore development, transport of ions and central carbon metabolism further confirming the utilization of the provided carbon sources (toluene, naphthalene, petrol) by present study bacteria.
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