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پروفیسر اکبر رحمانی

پروفیسر اکبر رحمانی
جناب اکبر رحمانی کی وفات ایک قومی و ملی حادثہ ہے، وہ درس و تدریس کے پیشے سے وابستہ تھے، اس کے باوجود بڑی سرگرمی سے تعلیمی، ادبی اور علمی خدمات بھی انجام دے رہے تھے، لیکن وظیفہ یاب ہونے کے بعد وہ محض علمی مشاغل اور تصنیف و تالیف کے لیے وقف ہوگئے تھے، اس کی وجہ سے خیال تھا کہ اب قوم کو ان کی ذہنی و دماغی قابلیت سے زیادہ بہرہ یاب ہونے کا موقع ملے گا، مگر دستِ اجل نے ان کو ہم سے چھین لیا۔ اور ۱۷؍ ستمبر کو وہ جوارِ رحمت میں پہنچ گئے، انااﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
وہ ذیابیطس اور کئی موذی امراض میں مبتلا تھے، گردے بھی خراب ہوگئے تھے، دو سال پہلے حج بیت اﷲ کو تشریف لے گئے تھے وہیں گینگرین کیے سبب سے دائیں پاؤں کا انگوٹھا کاٹنا پڑا۔ اور ہندوستان واپس آنے کے بعد گھٹنے تک دایاں پاؤں کاٹ دیا گیا مگر ایک بندۂ مومن کی طرح وہ ان آزمائشوں کا صبر و شکر سے مقابلہ کرتے اور ہمہ تن اپنے تحریری اور تصنیفی کام انجام دیتے رہے کہ یکایک ان کی وفات کی خبر نے سب کو تڑپا دیا۔
مرحوم کا اصل نام اکبر خاں اور والد کا رحمان خاں تھا ان دونوں کے امتزاج سے انہوں نے اپنا قلمی نام ’’اکبر رحمانی‘‘ رکھ لیا تھا اور اسی سے روشناس تھے۔
اکبر صاحب کا خاندانی تعلق لودھیوں سے تھا ان کے آباواجداد ابراہیم لودھی کے زمانے میں ہندوستان آئے، آبائی وطن گنگا پور (اورنگ آباد دکن) تھا ۱۷؍ اکتوبر ۱۹۴۱؁ء کو پیدا ہوئے، ابتدائی و ثانوی تعلیم جلگاؤں میں حاصل کی، اعلیٰ تعلیم پونا اور بمبئی کی یونیورسٹیوں میں پائی، اردو کے علاوہ فارسی، انگریزی، ہندی اور مراٹھی زبانوں سے واقف تھے، ہندی اور مراٹھی کے مضامین اور کہانیوں کے اردو...

An Empirical Evaluation of Budget Implementation on Economic Development in Nigeria

One of the primary goals of this study was to explore how a budget review approach may affect Nigeria's economic development. The reasoning was that the Nigerian economy was being challenged by a variety of imbalances in budget creation and implementation. The study strategy was based on events that occurred after the study was completed, and the data used in the study came from the Central Bank Statistical Bulletin and the Federal Ministry of Finance. A model was constructed based on both empirical and theoretical investigations in order to achieve this broad goal. The HDI, which was utilized as a measure of development, was the dependent variable in the model. The government's capital budget, recurrent budget, and the speed of annual budget implementation were the other independent variables in the model. They examined data using the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model, diagnostic tests such as the test of normality, auto correlation test, and heteroskedasticity test, which proved the validity and reliability of the model they chose; inferential results reveal that the use of budget evaluation had a positive and significant impact on the Nigerian economy. According to the study's suggestions, Nigeria's government should try to increase capital and recurrent expenditures in its annual budget, both of which have a significant impact on economic development. Finally, the government should work to build budget monitoring and review infrastructure that will aid in the effective implementation of large budget expenditures while also ensuring compliance with legal procedures.

Exploring Teachers Performance Appraisal System Using Appreciative Inquiry Ai

This study aimed at exploring the teachers' performance appraisal system using appreciative inquiry, within the qualitative research approach, at a private higher secondary school in Karachi. This aim was fulfilled by generating the data through participation and collaboration of two teachers, a coordinator and two vice-principals of the school, selected through purposive sampling process. The teachers' performance appraisal called "Performance management and reward system" is a dynamic process, accessible for the concerned teachers for the purpose of development and improvement. The main components of the appraisal are classroom observations, students' feedback, pre and post-observation meetings, professional sessions, students' board results, observation by the management, and set targets for the academic year. The teachers are rated, based on the compiled data of the appraisal process at the end of academic year. This appraisal process was reviewed two years ago to make it more development centric rather than only accountability oriented. The findings suggest that the formative nature of performance appraisal process helps teachers to develop their professional life in the school. At the same time, findings also reveal that summative nature of performance appraisal is also useful for taking decisions by the school management. The objectivity of the appraisal process can be ensured through multiple sources for evaluation and introduction of rubrics in the process. Performance appraisal is helpful to empower the teachers by providing a structured path for the continuing professional development. The Five-D Cycle of Appreciative Inquiry was carried out with an aim to improve the process of performance appraisal system in the school. It also helped in bringing forward the good practices through in-depth interviews and focused group discussions. The use of Appreciative Inquiry approach, which is the affirmative discussion on the performance appraisal process, helped teachers to reshape their beliefs and practices as research participants.
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