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وفائے دلبراں دیکھی نہ بوئے عاشقاں پائی

وفائے دلبراں دیکھی نہ بوئے عاشقاں پائی
تمھارے بعد کب ہم نے ادائے دوستاں پائی

مری ہستی تمھارے بن خزاں آلود موسم ہے
تمھارے ساتھ سے میں نے بہارِ شش جہاں پائی

حسابِ درد کو تم ٹال رکھو بادہ نوشی تک
کہ ہجرِ یار کی مے سے ہے یہ آہ و فغاں پائی

بلائے آسمانی کو نہ سمجھا کچھ مگر یہ دل
ترے ترکِ تعلق سے ہے وحشت بے نشاں پائی

تری ہستی فضائے زیست کا سامان ہے ہمدم
تجھی سے دل نکمے نے ہے خوئے دلبراں پائی

Cardiovascular Effects of Nigella Sativa on Isolated Rabbit Heart and its Impact on Cardiac Remodeling

Background: Black Cumin/Nigella sativa (NS) which belongs to the botanical family of Ranunculaceae commonly grows in Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Western Asia. Its prolonged use can produce physiological changes with or without affecting the architecture of different organs like the heart (cardiac remodeling). The data for the cardiovascular benefits of black cumin are not well-established scientifically. Objectives: To determine the direct cardiovascular effects of Nigella Sativa extract on heart rate, cardiac contractility (apical force), ECG, and coronary flow in the normal heart with and without cardiac remodeling. Methods: This experimental study was conducted on forty-two (42) rabbits. These rabbits were divided into seven groups, each comprising six animals (Group I-VI without cardiac remodeling and Group VII with cardiac remodeling). NS was given to these groups in different doses i.e, Group I (NS=10ug), Group II (NS=30ug), Group III (NS=100ug), Group IV (NS=300ug), Group V (NS=3000ug), Group VI (NS=10000ug) and VII (NS=300ug). Radnoti's working heart system was used to determine the effects of NS on heart rate, cardiac contractility (apical Force), ECG, and coronary flow in a normal heart with and without cardiac remodeling. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 28.   Results: Results of this study revealed negative chronotropic and positive inotropic effects without ECG changes in the normal heart and with ECG changes in the remodeled heart. Conclusions: Prolonged use of Nigella sativa can lead to disturbed ECG by affecting the conducting tissue.

Uav-Aided Link-Novel Enhancement and its Physical Analysis for Ieee 802. 11P in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has aided in many communication networks such as cellular and device to device network. Use of UAV in the area of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is an area which has substantial potential. We present such a framework in which UAV provides assistance to the road side unit (RSU) for serving the vehicles. The framework uses carrier sense multiple access scheme (CSMA) with capture effect. This access mechanism is well famous for performance degradation due to its contention-based random nature. We model the behavior of the vehicle by using two dimensional Markov chain; evaluating the state as well as transition probabilities. Parameters such as signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) threshold and the access probability are optimized. Access probability is the probability of a vehicle using certain number out of total number of available channels. We present the RSUUAV framework to enhance the overall throughput and number of successful packets when compared with conventional vehicle-to-infrastructure system. We study the effect of different path loss component of ground-to-air link and ground-to-ground link of UAV and RSU servers respectively on the overall throughput. The transmission power variation is carried out with a combination of relative distance criteria and its scaling factor. Scaling factor is used for compensating the additional height of the UAV when compared with height of the RSU. We numerically find the best possible combination and scaling factor parameter. The proposed framework offers throughput improvement of 37.5%, 24.4% and 8.97% for vehicular density of 60, 120 and 180 respectively when compared with the RSU-only framework. Whereas, the proposed power scheme offers a throughput of upto 20.49% when compared with the constant power case.
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