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Home > عصرحاضراوربین المذاہب ہم آہنگی: الہامی اورعصری تعلیمات کی روشنی میں

عصرحاضراوربین المذاہب ہم آہنگی: الہامی اورعصری تعلیمات کی روشنی میں

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

نورحیات خان

Supervisor

ضیاء الحق یوسف زئی

Department

شعبہ علوم اسلامیہ

Program

PhD

Institute

National University of Modern Languages

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Degree Starting Year

2013

Page

695

Subject

Comparative Religion

Language

Urdu

Keywords

بین المذاہب ہم آہنگی، مذہبی رواداری، تکثیریت ، بقائے باہمی
Interfaith harmony, religious tolerance, pluralism, coexistence

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676709317431

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بھیڑیا تے بھیڈ

بھیڑیا تے بھیڈ

اک جنگل وچ اِک خون خوار بھیڑیا رہندا سی۔ اوہ بہت ظالم سی تے جانوراں دے بچے کھا جاندا سی۔ اوسے جنگل وچ اک بھیڈ اپنے پنج بچیاں نال رہندی سی۔ اوس دے بچے بہت شرارتی سن۔ بھیڑیے دی اوہناں بچیاں اتے نظر سی۔ اوس نوں کھاون دا کوئی موقع نئیں سی مل رہیا۔

بھیڈ سویرے اپنے بچیاں نوں روٹی کھوا کے کم تے ٹر جاندی۔ اوہ اپنے بچیاں نوں آکھدی کہ گھر دے اندر ای کھیڈنا ایں۔ شرارتاں نئیں کرنیاں تے جے کوئی بوہا کھڑکاوے تاں تصدیق کرن توں پہلاں بوہا نئیں کھولنا۔ ایہہ آکھ کے بھیڈ کم تے چلے جاندی۔

اک دن بھیڈ دے کم اتے جاون توں بعد بھیڈ دے بچے شرارتاں کردے ہوئے گھروں باہر آ گئے۔ باہر بھیڑیا بیٹھا اوہناں نوں ویکھ رہیا سی۔ جدوں بھیڑیا اوہناں اتے حملہ آور ہویا تاں اوہ ڈور کے اندر آ گئے تے بوہا بند کر لیا۔ بھیڑیا ناکام ہو کے بوہے دے اک پاسے بہہ کے اوہناں نوں کھاون دا کوئی ہور پلان بناون لگ پیا۔ تیسرے پہر اوس نے بوہا کھڑکایا۔ بچیاں نے پچھیا کون؟ بھیڑیے جواب دتا میں تہاڈا ماما۔ تہاڈی ماں نے کھاون پین دا سامان دے کے مینوں تہاڈے ول گھلیا اے۔ ایہہ سامان لے لو۔ اوہناں بوہا کھول دتا تے بھیڑیے نے اندر وڑ دے ای اوہناں اتے حملہ کر دتا تے دو بچے کھا گیا۔ باقی بچیاں لک کے اپنی جان بچائی۔ بھیڑیے جان توں بعد وی بچے لکے رہے تے بوہا کھلا رہیا۔

جدوں شام نوں بھیڈ کم توں واپس آئی تاں گھر دا بوہا کھلا ویکھ کے پریشان ہو گئی۔ اوس گھر داخل ہو کے اپنے بچیاں نوں آواز ماری پہلا اک بچہ اپنی ماں دے سامنے آیا تے مڑ دوسرے وی...

پاکستانی دستور میں حکمرانوں کا تصور استحقاق اسلامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں

Constitution is the basic code of every state system. There are laws for state administration, discipline and rulers in constitution. There are some privileges for the rulers in the Pakistani constitution. Among the privileges that Pakistani rulers have, laws of exception, protocol and luxury packages or facilities are included. In Pakistani constitution, the rulers also enjoy these privileges and according to the rules and regulation of parliament and senate. Our Constitution does not provide Parliamentarians any specific immunity against criminal actions as has been granted to the President as well as the Prime Minster. The only specific protection enjoyed by a Minister/Prime Minister is for official actions under powers of their office. The right of lessen or amendment in Sharīʻah penalty of the President of Pakistan is not right according to the Islamic Sharīʻah. But he can utilize honorary rights in criminological penalty. The Governor has the authority to dissolve the Provincial Assembly under certain circumstances during the emergency situation. If the ruler uses the option of freedom of opinion with deception, dishonesty and contempt of court then he should also be answerable. Sometimes rulers misuse their privileges and even exceed their powers. Discretionary options of the rulers must be under public interests. Such privilege rules must be amended which reflect inequality between rulers and masses. It is necessary to put the honorary rights of rulers under logic and there must be a law of behold for the unlawful usage of authority, so that the bad utilization of these laws can be prevented. Such reserved rights must be amended which enhance the concept of un-equity between the rulers and public. For the better administration harmony among the public and administration is necessary. In this research paper we will analyze the concept and importance of privileges mentioned in the Constitution of Pakistan in the light of Islamic teachings.

Development of Synbiotic Beverage Through Co-Culture Fermentation of Oat and Barley

The objective of the present study was to isolate Bifidobacterium longum from infant faeces and elucidate its probiotic potential cereals based synbiotic beverage. B. longum BL-05 was isolated, characterized and encapsulated by using whey protein concentrate (WPC) and pectin (PE) as wall materials. Five bead formulations were prepared E1) 100% WPC, E2) 75% WPC + 25% PE, E3) 50% WPC + 50% PE, E4) 75% WPC + 25% PE and E5) 100% PE. The encapsulation was carried out by using extrusion method. The survival and viability of free and encapsulated B. longum was assessed through their resistance to Simulated Gastric Juice (SGJ), tolerance to bile salt, release profile in Simulated Intestinal Fluid (SIF) and storage stability during 28 days at 4oC. The microencapsulation provided better protection to B. longum BL-05 and encapsulated cells exhibited significant (p<0.05) resistance to SGJ and SIF as compared to free cells. E3 and E4 beads indicated more resistance to SGJ (at pH 2 for 2 h) and bile salts solution (2%) but comparatively slow release as compared to other bead formulations. Free cells lost their viability and exhibited sensitivity to gastrointestinal conditions whereas the viable cell count was > 6 log CFU/mL in all the encapsulated treatments. Additionally, free cells were not viable when stored at 4oC but microencapsulated cells revealed promising results during 28 days of storage at 4oC. Encapsulation efficiency, yield, size and textural properties (hardness, cohesiveness, springiness) of beads significantly increased as pectin proportion and total polymer concentration increased. SEM results revealed that E4 and E5 microbeads surface was more smooth and without visible wrinkles/shrinkage as compared to rest of bead formulations. On the basis of higher encapsulation efficiency and survival of B. longum BL-05, beads prepared with 75% WPC and 25% PE were selected for the development of oat and barley based synbiotic beverage with the addition of Lactobacillus plantarum as a co-culture. Significant variation was observed in physicochemical and microbiological analyses among treatments during 28 days of storage. Storage studies revealed a decreasing trend for pH, total soluble solids (TSS), vitamin C, water holding capacity (WHC), total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, viable cell count and sugars (glucose, fructose, maltose) while increasing trend was observed in acidity and organic acids (lactic acid, acetic acid). On the basis of overall acceptability, beverage developed with 50% oat and 50% barley were assigned highest scores by the panelists. The results established that extrusion using WPC and PE as encapsulating materials could be considered as one of the auspicious encapsulating materials for effective delivery of probiotics in food system. Combination of wall material showed a important strategy to improve the survival and viability of probiotics. Morover, utilization of oat and barley as prebiotics further enlightened the concept of synbiotic cereal base food products in the market.