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Home > ہندو فرقوں کے عقائد و افکارکا تجزیاتی مطالعہ

ہندو فرقوں کے عقائد و افکارکا تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Thesis Info

Author

عنبر رمضان

Supervisor

محمد شہباز منج

Department

شعبہ علوم اسلامیہ

Program

Mphil

Institute

University of Sargodha

Institute Type

Public

City

Sargodha

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Subject

Comparative Religion

Language

Urdu

Keywords

ہندومت ، ہندو تہذیب ، اسلام اور ہندومت
Hinduism, Hindu Civilization, Islam and Hinduism

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-19 12:33:56

ARI ID

1676709354254

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پیر سید حسام الدین راشدی

پیرسید حسام الدین راشدی
افسوس ہے کہ گذشتہ ماہ اپریل میں ہمارے دوعزیز و محترم دوست اور برصغیر کے نامور محقق اورعالم پیر حسام الدین راشدی اورمولانا محمد جعفر شاہ پھلواروی رحلت فرما گئے۔ اناﷲ واناالیہ راجعون۔ اوّل الذکر کاانتقال لندن میں ہوا جہاں وہ کینسر کاآپریشن اورساتھ ہی دل کی بیماری کاعلاج کرانے کی غرض سے مقیم تھے اور تدفین سندھ کے ان کے اپنے آبائی وطن کے قبرستان میں ہوئی اور موخرالذکر کاانتقال کراچی میں ہوا اوریہیں تدفین بھی ہوئی۔
پیر صاحب لاڑکانہ کے بہمن نامی ایک قصبہ میں۲۰ستمبر۱۹۱۱ء کوسندھ کے نامی گرامی خاندان راشدیہ میں پیداہوئے، علمی ذوق موروثی تھا، دولت وثروت میں بھی یہ خاندان ممتاز تھا۔ذہانت اورطباعی کاجوہر خداداد رکھتے تھے اس لیے از خود تعلیم کی طرف راغب ہوئے اورفارسی اردو اورسندھی زبان وادب کے نامور ادیب،محقق اورمصنف بنے، عربی اورانگریزی سے بھی واقف تھے۔ ذاتی کتب خانہ جو اباً عن جداٍ تک پہنچتا تھا مطبوعات کی کثرت کے ساتھ نوادرمخطوطات پرمشتمل پہلے سے تھا ہی، مرحوم نے اپنی ذاتی کاوش اورتلاش وجستجو سے اس پر جونہایت وقیع اضافہ کیا اس کی وجہ سے آج تک یہ کتاب خانہ کراچی کے کتب خانوں میں ایک خاص مرتبہ ومقام رکھتا ہے۔ پیرصاحب عمر بھر مجرد رہے، ان کا شب و روز کا مشغلہ مطالعہ،تحقیق وتصنیف اوراحباب سے ملاقات کے سوا کچھ اور نہ تھا۔ ان کے علمی اورتحقیقی کارناموں پرانشاء اﷲ برہان میں عنقریب ایک مقالہ شائع ہوگا ان سطور سے مقصد صرف رسم تعزیت اداکرناہے۔
کراچی اربابِ علم وادب اوراصحاب دانش وہنر کی کثرت کے باعث آج کل برصغیر کاقرطبہ وبغداد بنا ہواہے لیکن ایک پیرسید حسام الدین راشدی اور دوسرے مشفق خواجہ، اس مجمع علم وفضل میں دونوں کامرتبہ ووقار ایسا ہی ہے جیسا کہ کسی ایک بزرگ خاندان کاہوتاہے۔ مشفق خواجہ اوران کے خاندان سے راقم الحروف کاتعلق بہت...

شیخ عبدالحق محدث دہلوی کی علمی خدمات، منہج واسلوب اورعوامی مقبولیت و اثرات؛ ایک تحقیقی جائزہ A Research Review of the Work of Sheikh Abdul Haq Muḥaddith Dehlavi, It’s Style, Public Populaity & Influence

Sheikh Abdul Haq Muḥaddith Dehlavi is one of the prominent muhaddithin of the Subcontinent. He has played an unforgettable role in the leadership of the Ummah. His writings consist of God's benevolence, justice, and solving People’s problems so that they can look at their defects and focus on building their lives. He discussed topics related to the nation; do not follow useless philosophy and false interpretations which do not benefit a common man. Along with the reformed works, He has also left behind a large collection on technical topics. He wrote books on important and technical topics such as Tafseer, Tajweed, Hadith, Beliefs, Jurisprudence, Sufism, Ethics, Actions, Philosophy, History, Biography, etc. Sheikh Abdul Haq Muhaddith Dehlavi has priority in teaching and publishing the knowledge of Hadith. In the context of the publication of the knowledge of hadith, his two commentaries Mishkwat al-Masabih, Ishaat al-Lamaat and Lamaat al-Tanqeeh, has a special place. In the said article, an introduction and methodological study of the work done by Sheikh Abdul Haq will be presented.

Role of Dietary Practices in On-Set of Type-Ii Diabetes and its Management Amongst Female Population

The risk of type 2 diabetes is increased in adolescent obese people. More than 11 percent female population in Pakistan is known diabetics. The condition has become even worse with a low literacy rate among the female population. Unawareness about the risk factors related to impaired glucose tolerance and complications associated with hyperglycemia have further aggravated the problem. The intervention trial involved 200 type 2 diabetic female subjects selected from diabetic center. These subjects were studied for physical and biochemical parameters. They were grouped according to their age, duration of illness (Table 1, Fig-1) degree of obesity and disease complications (Fig-2, Table 2 and 3). This grouping was carried out to assign particular diet patterns to these patients. These diet patterns consisted of strict, moderate and liberal diet control based on diabetic exchange system. The dietary intervention aimed at reducing total intake of fat to less than 30 percent of the daily intake of energy. Saturated fats were reduced to less than 10 percent of the total calories per day. More emphasis was on increasing the amount of polyunsaturated fats and fiber through rich sources. The diet plans consisted of fifteen days diet with low (1500-1800 kcal/day), moderate (1800-2100 kcal/day) and liberal (2100-2400 kcal/day) caloric intake. These diets consisted of simple easily digestible foods. Seasonal availability and cost of food items was especially taken into consideration. Subjects were given low fat recipes. Cooking techniques for reduced use of oils and fats were explained to them. The distribution of day’s caloric intake was the same as practiced by most diabetic clinics (Coulston et. al 2001). According to which 40 percent of the total calories were based on protein sources, 30 percent were provided from fats and 30 percent from carbohydrates. Simple easily understandable menus (Appendix “A”) were given to the patients. Flexibility and choice was also provided. Patients could replace any breakfast, lunch or dinner from the fifteen days schedule, as caloric intake was the same. Patients were recommended to take at least 8-10 glasses of plain water in addition to other fluids included in their diet plans. Readings for systolic and diastolic blood pressure were noted in the regular clinical visits. Reduction in body weight and BMI were also noted. These parameters served as a source of encouragement for the patients to follow the diet plans more strictly. Patients increased their physical activity in response to the follow up. They were recommended to take light to moderate exercise for at least 30 minutes three to five times weekly. Patients who used to smoke were encouraged towards smoking cessation. Insulin dose was adjusted from time to time on the basis of the morning fasting blood glucose concentration. For patients who were unable to maintain glycosylated hemoglobin values below 7.5-8.5% despite maximal dose of oral agents, the addition of NPH (neutral protamine hagedorn) insulin at bedtime was recommended as suggested by physician. Patients were also given a vitamin – mineral supplement containing at least 250 mg of vitc, 100 mg of (alpha) tocopherol, and 400 mg of folic acid. Supplements having minimum iron content were chosen as majority of the subjects had kidney malfunction. Intensive treatment was aimed at maintaining HbA1c level of 7.0 or less. Laboratory investigations were repeated at the completion of six months follow up to see the effect of diet therapy and final investigations were carried out at the end of the study. The results of diet therapy and life style intervention were analyzed in the following changes; Ø a reduction in the incidence of hypertension (lowering of systolic and diastolic blood pressure shown in table 17), Ø lowering of HbA1c levels, Ø improved results of urea, creatinine, uric acid cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, albumin, globulin, total lipids, total proteins and ALT/SGPT values (Table 18), Ø reduction in body weight and BMI (Fig-5, 6 Table 14), ix Ø increased awareness in relation to understanding of risk factors or contributing factors for the disease. Ø awareness in relation to better management of disease and beliefs related to prevention (Table 7, 8), Ø a change from previous to present eating practices (Table 9 10, 11), Ø a change in smoking practices after diet therapy (Table 12), Ø a lifestyle change apparent in the form of improved physical activity (Fig-4, Table 13), Ø a reduction in the dosage of antihypertensive drugs and hypoglycemic agents (Fig-8, Fig-9, Table 15, 16). Data was collected to find out the main cause of disease. So information regarding age at onset of disease, duration, total number of pregnancies, birth weight of children and family history was gathered. Outcome measures told that with women in a country like Pakistan stress of repeated pregnancy and multiplied weight gain with every pregnancy were the main cause. Every 2nd or 3rd subject having 4-5 children had gestational diabetes at 3rd or 4th child. While birth weight of the children was either less than or above normal birth weight for the gestational age. Patients with a positive family history for diabetes were diagnosed at an earlier age between four to seven years as compared to patients with no family history. Family history was an independent predictor of age at diagnosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. Awareness was increased when subjects were provided information regarding the grim consequences of uncontrolled diabetes. Weight reduction was a big incentive and majority told that they felt lighter with changes in diet and they agreed that these are the types of food that should be eaten. But all subjects couldn’t continue same pattern of eating for a longer period. A period of 3-4 years of intervention was found to be enough for bringing about a pattern change in life style of diabetic patients. They were not only convinced for a better way towards improved health but also were ready to convey this practical knowledge to other diabetics. They were able to follow a carefully chosen diet pattern with healthy choices. In addition some were more convinced to assure that their diet should match the lifestyle and physical activity level, they adapt throughout their routine. The knowledge and information gained through present study not only updates the previous attempts in the same field but also provides a ready reference to the control of diabetes symptoms. This work has signified type 2 diabetes as a major health hazard and various suggestive measures about how to go for its control.