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Kiddierobe [Bs Computer Science]

Thesis Info

Author

Muhammad Arslan Asif

Department

UMT. Department of Computer Science

Program

BS

Institute

University of Management and Technology

Institute Type

Private

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2018

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

86 . CD

Language

English

Other

Eng; Call No: TP 005.740688 ARS-K

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-08 18:13:45

ARI ID

1676713888545

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ارادھنا(کرونا وبا کے تناظر میں)

ارادھنا
(کرونا وبا کے تناظر میں)
آسمان سے بارش نازل ہوتی ہے
محبت کی نشانیوں کو دفن کرتے ہوئے!
صبح و شام کے معانیوںمیں!
لذت خواب کی تعبیر کو پیاسا تڑپتا چھوڑ دیتی ہے
اے محبت۔۔۔اے محبت۔۔۔!
میری رگوں میں رواں دواں۔۔۔اے محبت!
تو بھی دیکھ رہی ہے
دلفریب دھڑکنوں کا دشمن!
سبز درختوں کے سائے میں۔۔۔!
میرے خیموں کو جلانا چاہتا ہے
میری معصوم کلیوں کی لاشیں!
ویرانوں بیابانوں میں بکھری پڑی ہیں
میرے دو بیٹوں کے کٹے سر قصر ِعمارہ میں!
دھڑ ندی میں لمحوں کے ساتھ بہتے جا رہے ہیں

وصال مبیں کی وسعتوں میں!
مقام جمال کی رفعتوں میں!
سبز بہار کا دشمن۔۔۔!
خوشبو کے قبیلے کو برباد کر رہا ہے
اے محبت۔۔۔ میری پیاری سبز محبت!
تیری چادر تطہیر سے مس ہو کر!
عود و لوبان زندہ ہوتے ہیں۔۔انجیر و زیتون مسکراتی ہے
نیازِ الہام نامہ بروں میں تقسیم ہوتی ہے
فرشتے خود تیری دہلیز تک چلے آتے ہیں
اے محبت۔۔۔جمال شہابہ کی ردا، کساء محبت ۔۔۔!
دشمن نے ہواؤں میں زہر گھول کر!
ظہر اور عصر کے بیچ میرے بازو کاٹ دیے ہیں
گھونسلوں میں فرشتوں کو جلا دیا ہے
میں سورہ عشق کی تلاوت کر رہا ہوں
وہ میرا سر بھی کاٹنا چاہتا ہے
اے محبت۔۔۔ذرا صبر۔۔۔!
بس اب مسیحا آنے والا ہے

بہلول جب مذبح کی باتیں کرتے ہوئے، تصوراتِ آشنائی کی لازمی شرطوں میں ساختیاتی اعمال کی تنہائی بیان کر رہا تھا۔ تو یہ وہ مقام تھا، جہاں سوالات کی بہتات ختم ہو جاتی ہے۔ یہاں صادقین کے اذہان اور دھڑکنوں کے بیچ طلسم سولی پر لٹکتا نہیں، بلکہ طلسم قلندروںپر نازل ہوتے ہوئے، سمعی اور بصری احساس کی شکل بن کر جنون کو جگا دیتا ہے۔ اس سارے منظر نامے سے آگہی ، شعور حاصل ہوتا ہے۔ جو خیالات کو خزانی...

Theoretical Study of Indian Banking System

Banks play a significant part in India's financial system and contribute to economic growth. The banking industry is the foundation of every contemporary economy. It is one of the most significant foundations of the financial industry and plays a crucial role in economic performance. It is crucial for the growth of the nation's economy that financial demands be met; industry and agriculture demonstrate the greatest degree of dedication and accountability. Therefore, the growth of the nation is intimately tied to the growth of banks. Banks should not be seen as money changers in the contemporary economy, but as development leaders. In several economic sectors, they serve a crucial role in aggregating deposits and debt payments. The financial system reflects the country's economic life. Economic vitality is contingent upon the stability and efficacy of the financial system, which in turn is contingent upon a solid and sustainable banking system. A solid banking system that integrates deposits into productive sectors and a melting bank system allow the bank to fulfill its duties to investors. After India's independence, banks play a significant part in the country's social and economic growth. India is dominated by the banking industry, which accounts for more than half of the financial sector's assets. The Indian banking sector has seen a remarkable transformation due to the reforms of the financial industry, which are implemented in phases. In this context, the researcher has conducted an overview analysis of the Indian Banking System, resulting in the current paper.

Conventional and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Trisubstituted-1, 2, 4-Triazoles and Their Structure-Activity Relationship Studies

The chemistry of life has been extensively and effectively elaborated by organic chemists. No doubt, all the fields of science are struggling for the benefit of human beings and the chemists are well known in this regard. The organic or medicinal chemists are the main worker of improving the health. A number of compounds have been synthesized in search of new drug candidates by the orgnic chemists and also they have been successful up to much extent in this regard. The importance of this process can be realized from the increasing inactivity of the running drugs against different diseases. Hence the synthesis of new molecules in search of new drug candidates against different diseases is an ever green process. This was the motivating aspect of the literature survey of synthetic chemistry which encouraged us to design new molecules and evaluate their biological potential. The bioactivity potential of some heterocyclic moieties (as discussed in introduction and review of literature) prompted has to design such type of molecules which bear more than one heterocyclic moieties. These considered heterocyclic moieties included piperidine and 1,2,4-triazole. The aim of submerging different heterocyclic functionalities into one core was to boost up their bioactivity potential. Furthermore, the variation in some part of final molecules was also processed in order to acquire new potent drug candidates. The pharmacological evaluation included enzyme inhibition, antioxidant activity and bovine serum albumin (BSA) binding analysis. The enzyme inhibition results were further substantiated through molecular docking analysis. The presented research work has been distributed into eight solid schemes for the synthesis of ninety six compounds. Ethyl isonipecotate (2) was treated with 4methoxybenzene sulfonyl chloride (1) in 5% sodium carbonate at pH of 9-10 to get ethyl-1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]piperidine-4-carboxylate (3). Compound 3 and hydrazine monohydrate were refluxed in methanol to acquire 1-[(4methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]piperidine-4-carbohydrazide (4). Compound 4 was refluxed with phenyl isothiocyanate in methanol to acquire an intermediate compound (2-({1[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-4-piperidinyl}carbonyl)-N-phenyl-1-hydrazinecarbothio amide) which was refluxed in basic medium to get 5-{1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]4-piperidinyl}-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (5). Compound 5 was stirred with xiii different aralkyl halides (6a-j) in the presence of NaH and DMF using conventional and microwave assisted methods. 3-Aralkylthio-5-{1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-4piperidinyl}-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (7a-j) were obtained through filtration from aqueous medium. The compound 5 was treated with equimolar N-substituted-2bromoacetamides (10a-t) to acquire N-alkyl/aralkyl/aryl/phenyl-2-[(5-{1-[(4methoxyphenyl) sulfonyl]-4-piperidinyl}-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl] acetamide (11a-t). The electrophiles, 10a-t, were synthesized by the reaction of alkyl/aralkyl/aryl/phenyl amines (8a-t) and bromoacetyl bromide (9) in 5% sodium carbonate solution. The compound 5 was treated with equimolar N-substituted-2bromopropanamides (13a-r) to acquire N-alkyl/aralkyl/aryl/phenyl-2-[(5-{1-[(4methoxyphenyl) sulfonyl]-4-piperidinyl}-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl] propanamide (14a-r). The electrophiles, 13a-r, were synthesized by the reaction of alkyl/aralkyl/aryl/phenyl amines (8a-i, k, m-t) and 2-bromopropionyl bromide (12) in 5% sodium carbonate solution. Compound 4 was refluxed with methyl isothiocyanate in methanol to acquire an intermediate compound (2-({1-[(4-methoxyphenyl) sulfonyl]-4-piperidinyl}carbonyl)-N-methyl-1-hydrazinecarbothioamide) which was refluxed in basic medium to get 5-{1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-4-piperidinyl}-4methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (15). Compound 15 was stirred with different aralkyl halides (6a-j) in the presence of NaH and DMF using conventional and microwave assisted methods. 3-Aralkylthio-5-{1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-4-piperidinyl}-4methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (16a-j) were obtained through filtration from aqueous medium. The compound 15 was treated with equimolar N-substituted-2bromoacetamides (10a-t) to acquire N-alkyl/aralkyl/aryl/phenyl-2-[(5-{1-[(4methoxyphenyl) sulfonyl]-4-piperidinyl}-4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl] acetamide (17a-t). The compound 15 was treated with equimolar N-substituted-2bromopropanamides (13a-r) to acquire N-alkyl/aralkyl/aryl/phenyl-2-[(5-{1-[(4methoxyphenyl) sulfonyl]-4-piperidinyl}-4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl] propanamide (18a-r). The synthesized compounds were initially verified through TLC and stored for further analysis. The synthesized compounds were spectroscopically characterized by using IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC, COSY, NOESY and EIMS spectral information to justify the available main functional groups, hydrogen atoms, carbon atoms and the fragmentation pattern of the structures of synthesized compounds. xiv The synthesized compounds were screened for enzyme inhibition activity against six different enzymes and also for antioxidant activity. The different six enzymes included acetyl cholinesterase (AChE), butyryl cholinesterase (BChE), αglucosidase, urease, lipoxygenase and carbonic anhydrase II enzyme. Almost all the compounds were found to be excellent active agents against these enzymes. Antioxidant activityof all the synthesized molecules wasalso tested in search of some unique drug candidates. The chemistry of active sites and different functionalities responsible for the best pharmacological potential of all the synthesized compounds was verified through docking studies. In addition to it, the evaluation of protein drug interaction assisted us in understanding the various binding sites and binding constant to justify the stay of the drugs in the body, their circulation, metabolism, elimination and pharmacodynamics. The sketched compounds in the eight schemes were synthesized efficiently with high yield and purity through environment friendly protocol with minimum cost and time. The time of synthesis and the yield were compared for two modes of synthetic methods including conventional and microwave assisted ones. The following synthetic as well as biological screening studies resulted into the identification of a numberof compoundsbeing active against the considered enzymes. These enzymes are responsible for different kind of diseases and so the bioactive potent compounds may be considered as new drug candidates for the concerned diseases.