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قرآن اور بائبل میں حیوانات کے تذکرے کا تقابلی جائزہ

Thesis Info

Author

سند س گل زار

Supervisor

محفوظ احمد

Department

Department of Islamic Studies

Program

Mphil

Institute

The University of Lahore

Institute Type

Private

Campus Location

Lahore Campus

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Subject

Comparative Religion

Language

Urdu

Keywords

عیسائیت , اسلام اور عیسائیت
Christianity , Islam and Christianity

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-02-19 12:33:56

ARI ID

1676709110917

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ملازمت

ملازمت

                ناطق بچپن ہی سے بہت محنتی تھے اس لیے سکول سے واپس آنے کے بعد اپنے والد اور بھائیوں کے ساتھ کھیتوں میں کام کیا کرتے تھے۔ناطق نے’’اے ایس آئی‘‘ اور اس کے بعد ’’سیکنڈ لیفٹنٹ‘‘ کے لیے بھی ٹریننگ میں حصہ لیا مگر قسمت کو کچھ اور ہی منظور تھا دونوں جگہ ہی ٹریننگ کو ادھورا چھوڑ دیاکیوں کہ ان کی طبیعت مطمئن نہ ہوسکی۔ایک پرائیویٹ کمپنی میں بطور سپر وائزر کام کیا لیکن اسے بھی چار سال کے بعد چھوڑ دیا۔

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                انہوں نے 2006ء میں ’’اکادمی ادبیات اسلام آباد‘‘میں بطور انچارج خدمات سر انجام دیں۔2006 ء سے لے کر2009ء یعنی تین سال تک وہاں ادب کی خدمت کی۔ 2009ء میں اکادمی ادبیات اسلام آبادسے کام چھوڑ کر’’فیڈرل ڈائریکٹریٹ آف ایجوکیشن‘‘ میں نوکری کی۔ وہاں خوب محنت اور دل جمعی سے کام کیا مگر کچھ سال کی ملازمت کے بعد ہی اس نوکری کو بھی خیرآباد کہہ دیا اور’’مقتدرہ قومی...

حقوق الإنسان المدنية من خلال وثيقة المدينة: دراسة مقارنة بالمواثيق الدولية

حقوق الإنسان المدنية من خلال وثيقة المدينة: دراسة مقارنة بالمواثيق الدولية This research aims to give the reader a comprehensive view of civil human rights through a comparative study of the Charter of Medina and international conventions. The Charter of Medina designed the foundation of a multi-religious Islamic state in Medina, as it was signed to end the rancorous intertribal aggression among the opposing tribes of Banu ’Aws and Banu Khazraj in Medina and to uphold harmony and co-operation among all Medinan groups. Its major accomplishment was fetching confrontational clans together to form a community and inaugurating long term peace among them. It put an end to the predominant disorder and sheltered the life, self-determination, property and religious freedom for all people. The paper highlights the relevance and importance of civil human rights through the Charter of Medina as well as international conventions in the up-to-date worldwide civilization. The present research examines the historical document of Charter of Medina and elucidates it through examples from Quran and Sunnah as well as compares its core values with international conventions. In this regard the views of the past and contemporary scholarship are also discussed to analyze the challenges and issues of current time. In recent times the efforts and implications of civil human rights have unfolded in many different ways so it is very important for Muslims to know and to relate the Sharī’ah ruling regarding it. The research concludes that as compare to the international convections the system of justice in the Islamic Sharī’ah ensures all rights and with liabilities.

Dietary Supplementation of Prebiotics in Whey Based Functional Drink

In the current exploration, fructooligosaccharides (FOS) were used as a prebiotic in whey based functional drinks to address various lifestyle related disorders. Initially, whey was subjected to physicochemical analysis, minerals assay and amino acid profiling. It comprised of total solids, lactose, ash, crude protein and fat as 6.49±0.31, 5.26±0.26, 0.56±0.02, 0.81±0.03 and 0.25±0.01%, respectively. The results regarding mineral analysis indicated that whey contains appreciable amount of potassium, sodium and calcium. Furthermore, amino acid profile elucidated it a balance source of essential and non-essential amino acids. Amongst essential amino acids, highest value was noticed for leucine 97.25±4.68 followed by lysine and threonine 83.98±2.46 & 48.89±2.84 mg/g protein. Contrarily, in case of non-essential amino acids maximum concentration was recorded for glutamic acid 151.30±7.61 mg/g protein. For drink formulation, five treatments were prepared i.e. control (T 0 ), whey based drink (T 1 ) and fructooligosaccharides supplemented whey drinks @ 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% referred as T 2 , T 3 and T 4 , respectively. The formulated drinks were evaluated for nutritional quality with special reference to amino acids, viscosity and total plate count along with sensory response during two month storage. The functional drinks showed momentous impact on total solids and viscosity whilst, pH, acidity, crude protein, fat, lactose and total plate count affected non-significantly. Conversely, during storage these traits differed substantially (p<0.05) except for ash content. The results related to hedonic evaluation elaborated that amongst functional drinks, T 4 (1.5% FOS) attained the highest scores for sensory traits. Two months Storage caused a progressive decline in the hedonic response of therapeutic drinks however, remain acceptable whithin 30 days. Considering the results of physicochemical assays with special reference to FOS and sensory profiling, one best treatment (T 4 ) was selected from the FOS supplemented drinks for bioevaluation purpose along with whey based drink (T 1 ) and control (T 0 ). The bioefficacy study was conducted in Sprague Dawley rats by running two consecutive trials for the validity of results. In this connection, three studies were planned; study I (normal rats), study II (hypercholesterolemic rats) and study III (hyperglycemic rats). Feed intake and body weight were affected significantly as a function of treatments and study weeks. The provision of FOS supplemented whey based functional drink caused a significant reduction in serum cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides nonetheless, a perceptible increase was recorded for HDL. The maximum decline in cholesterol was noticed in T 4 group as 10.87 & 11.96% (study II) and 6.96 & 7.66% (study III) followed by T 1 as compared to control (T 0 ) in both trials. Likewise, a pronounced decrease (p<0.05) in LDL was estimated in T 4 group by 14.69 & 16.13% and 7.40 & 8.13% during study II and III (trial 1 & 2), correspondingly. As far as hypoglycemic perspectives are concerned, a significant reduction (p<0.05) in serum glucose was observed for study II (6.97& 7.73%) and study III (9.76 & 10.38%) in T 1 and T 4 groups, respectively. Likewise declining tendency was observed in the subsequent trial too. Nevertheless, a momentous incline (p<0.05) in serum insulin was reported in T 4 group during study III. The values regarding liver & kidney functioning and blood biochemical parameters were also within acceptable range. For the assessment of bifidogenic potential, cecal and fecal pH, microbial assay and quantification of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were carried out. A substantial increase in bifidobacteria and SCFAs with special reference to acetate, propionate and butyrate was observed in rats relied on T 4 during the entire experiment. From the instant research, it is concluded that fructooligosaccharides based whey drink has potential to improve the gut health and to tackle the threats of hypercholesterolemia & hyperglycemia thus should be promoted in the target population.