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Effect of Storage Temperature and Sodium Silicate Concentration on Sol Gel Immobilized Bacteria

Thesis Info

Author

Anam Minhas

Supervisor

Habib Bokhari

Department

Department of Biosciences

Program

BS

Institute

COMSATS University Islamabad

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2012

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Biosciences

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-08 02:46:07

ARI ID

1676719603980

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اعجاز صدیقی

اعجاز صدیقی مرحوم
( سید شہاب الدین دسنوی)
مولانا سیماب اکبر آبادی کے فرزند اور رسالہ ’’شاعر‘‘ کے مدیر، اعجاز صدیقی پر ۹؍ فروری ۱۹۷۸؁ء کو دل کا دورہ پڑا اور وہ اسی روز اپنے مالک حقیقی سے جاملے۔
ایک عرصہ سے مختلف امراض کی وجہ سے اعجاز صاحب کی صحت خراب ہوچکی تھی، کئی بار اسپتال میں داخل کئے گئے، اچھے اچھے ڈاکٹروں نے بڑی توجہ اور شفقت سے علاج کیا، مگر بقول شاعر:
الٹی ہوگئیں سب تدبیریں کچھ نہ دوا نے کام کیا
دیکھا ، اس بیماری دل نے آخر کام تمام کیا
اعجاز صدیقی فروری ۱۹۵۱؁ء میں اپنے وطن آگرہ سے بمبئی آئے اور یہیں انھوں نے مستقل سکونت اختیار کرلی، ان کا رسالہ ’’شاعر‘‘ (ماہنامہ) جو پہلے آگرے سے نکلتا تھا، اسی سال سے بمبئی سے شائع ہونے لگا، وہ اس کے معیار کو بلند رکھنے میں انتھک، کوشش کرتے تھے، اردو سے پر خلوص محبت اور اپنے قارئین کو صاف ستھرا ادب پیش کرنے کی کوشش، ان کی زندگی کے دو ایسے نمایاں پہلو تھے کہ جن کی وجہ سے اردو کے اچھے اور اہم لکھنے والوں اور شعراء کا انھیں غیر معمولی تعاون حاصل ہوتا رہا، جس کے سہارے وہ ’’شاعر‘‘ کے بڑے ضخیم خصوصی نمبر نکال سکے، ان میں کرشن چند نمبر، ناولٹ نمبر، افسانہ اور ڈرامہ نمبر اور آخری میں ہم عصر اردو ادب نمبر ہماری زبان و ادب میں قابل قدر اضافہ ہیں، حقیقت یہ ہے کہ مسلسل علالت گرتی ہوئی صحت اور محدود مسائل کے ساتھ ایسے ضخیم اور اچھے نمبر شائع کرنا، بڑی جرأت کا کام تھا، بلاشبہ اعجاز صاحب غیر معمولی قوت ارادی کے حامل تھے۔
اعجاز صدیقی، ذاتی طور پر مشرقی تہذیب اور قدروں کے علمبردار اور رکھ رکھاؤ کے آدمی تھے، انھوں نے لوگوں کے ساتھ اپنے تعلقات اور دوستانہ رسم سالہا سال...

زر اور معاوضۂ زر: سرمایہ دارانہ اور اسلامی نظام معیشت کے تناظر میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Money and its Compensation: An Analysis with Respect to Capitalism and Islamic Economic System In trade and commerce, money has remained the backbone of the business and trade. From the beginning to the end, money is an indispensable part of every economic activity. For this importance, money is treated as a factor of production. But the question is what is meant by money and whether the value of money can be recognized as a land, house, shop, car, bungalow and merchandise goods? And then what is the status if it is in the form of interest and it is linked to inflation? The research article underlines the key aspect regarding money and its compensation in the perspective of capitalistic and Islamic economic system. The qualitative and analytical approach was applied in this article. A literature review concluded that time value of money in capitalistic economy is unlimited while the Islamic economic system does not recognize its value in form of interest and with the association of inflation rate. It is recommended that business to be done on a profit and loss basis, rather than on debt and interest and instead of linking money to the inflation rate, alternatives should be proposed, for example if a person wants to take the loan, he should be given what he needs on cost plus profit basis.

Exploring the Current Classroom Assessment Practices of English Language at Secondary Level in a Private Secondary School of District Ghizer, Gilgit-Baltistan

There is scant literature available on the classroom-based English language assessment practices (APs) in Pakistan, particularly in Gilgit-Baltistan. Therefore, this study explored the current classroom-based English language APs for grade 9 and 10 level in a private secondary school in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The focus of the study was to gain an understanding of the interplay of English language APs and English language learning at the secondary level by exploring the phenomenon and to gather data on the APs being used by grade 9 and 10 teachers in the research site.The study sought to explore a phenomenon contextually and in-depth. This required adopting a qualitative case study design. Interviews, classroom observations, focus group discussions and document analysis were the methods used for the study. The generated data was analyzed using qualitative data analysis approach Yin, (2009). The primary research participants were 2 English language teachers and 12 students served as secondary participants: 6 students were from grade 9 and 6 were from grade 10. In the School of Shining Education (pseudonym), English language APs at grade 9 and 10 level seem to be shaped by different factors. These include: the pattern of the annual board examination, teachers’ perceptions and experiences, the textbooks of grade 9 an10, teachers performance appraisal, the availability of teaching resources and the expectations from students’ parents. The study also explored teachers’ perceptions about the English language assessment practices at the secondary level because perceptions affect practice. In view of this, the study explored teachers’ claim about teaching and assessing English as a language not as a subject. However, the study findings suggest that their teaching pedagogy is likely inclined towards teaching and assessing English as a subject owing to the contextual challenges and limitations. In conclusion, the findings of the study suggest that better language learning might be achieved through the use of a dynamic approach (using alternative assessment strategies) to classroom assessment. One practical way forward as regards enhancing the assessment practices would be to make the English language teaching more practical and skills-based. In this way, English can be taught and assessed as a language not as a subject. In doing so, It will align with the aims of the National Curriculum for English Language Grades I-XII, NC (2006) which stipulates the same.