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Thesis Info

Author

Asraa Batool

Supervisor

Rubina Adnan

Department

Department of Computer Science

Program

BCS

Institute

COMSATS University Islamabad

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2015

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Computer Science

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-23 23:12:31

ARI ID

1676719801174

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ڈاکٹر شہزاد احمدکی نقد نگاری

ڈاکٹر شہزاد احمد کی نقد نگاری
ڈاکٹر شہزاد احمد بنیادی طور پر ایک محقق اورتذکرہ نگار ہیں مذکورہ ہر دوجہات نے اُن کے تنقیدی سرمائے کو پس پشت ڈال دیا ہے ۔ دوسرا وہ خود بھی تدوین کی مصروفیات کے باعث عملی تنقید کی طرف توجہ نہ کرسکے۔ اُن کی تحریروں میں اُن کے تنقیدی تبصرے بکھرے ہوئے حالات میں ملتے ہیں۔ اگر وہ ذرا سی توجہ کرتے تو یقینا ایک جداگانہ مقام پر فائز ہوتے ۔
لاکھوں سلام میںتنقیدی نقوش
اُن کی تنقید کے ابتدائی نمونے اُن کے اولین تذکرے ’’لاکھوں سلام ‘‘ میں موجود ہیں۔ اس کتاب میں امام احمد رضا بریلوی کے سلام پر دس شعرا کی تضمینات جمع کی گئی ہیں اور شعراکا تعارف دیا گیا ہے۔ اس کے آغاز میں ہر شاعر کی نعتیہ شاعری اور شعری مجموعے پر ڈاکٹر شہزاداحمد نے اپنی تنقیدی آرا پیش کی ہیں جو لائق التفات ہیں،ان میں انھوں نے جن نکات کو اُجاگر کیا ہے۔ وہ درج ذیل ہیں:
۱۔ انتخاب الفاظ اور بندش کی کیفیت ۲۔ مضامین کا انداز اور تنوع
۳۔ جذبہ کی شدت کابیان ۴۔ کلام کی اثر آفرینی
۵۔ آداب نعت کی پاسداری ۶۔ موضوع اور اسلوب بیان
۷۔ مطالعہ سیرت کی ضرورت
مذکورہ خصوصیات میں سے زیادہ کا تعلق خالص شاعر ی سے ہے لیکن ساتھ ہی ایسے اصولوں کا ذکر ہے جو نعت کے ساتھ خاص ہیں۔ یہاں سے نعتیہ شاعری کے بارے میں ڈاکٹر صاحب کے جو اصول سامنے آئے ہیں، اُن میں پہلا یہ ہے کہ وہ نعت جیسے پاکیزہ موضوع کے لیے محتاط الفاظ اور سنجیدہ اسلوب اختیار کرنے کے قائل ہیں۔ وہ گورنر اُتر پردیش محمد عثمان عارف نقش بندی کے کلام پر رائے دیتے ہوئے لکھتے ہیں:
’’میں نے اپنے گرامی قدر استاد حضرت اخترالحامدی کے بارے میں عرض کیا ہے کہ نعت گوئی علم...

خصائص الاسلام فی تامین الامن والسلام

This article focuses onthose special attributes of Islām, which distinguishes it from other religions with respect to peacekeeping, i. E., the rules and ethics, which inculcate peace and tranquility in the soul and mind of an individual and society. Islām is the pioneer of all the religions that emphasize upkeeping of peaceful relations between their followers and others without any discrimination. The connotations of the word Islām and the implications of its various synonyms, its ethical teachings, rules and laws_ all convey the message of peace. Therefore, a true believer is supposed to be the one, who is endowed with peace. To sustain harmony in the society, Islām prohibits mischief, tribulations, aggression and violation of human rights, such as freedom of religion and life. Likewise, Islām prohibits undue offences against any religion, defiling religious beliefs and the holy books, derogatory remarks against any sacred and reverend personage, and extortion, theft, robbery, usury, etc. The second discourse of this article deals with the Islamic salutations. The objectives of Sharī‘ah, in this regard, are to promote good will, alleviate alienation of addressees, invite non-believers to Islām and augment peaceful relations and coexistence with others. The last section of this discourse deals with the injunctions, related to the rules and ethics of warfare as instructed by Islām.

Error Analysis with Special Reference to Writing Skills at Degree Level in Pakistan

In this modern age one needs the ability to communicate well. This communication can be oral or written. Written communication is comparatively more permanent and hence the chances of errors being recorded increase. For an overall mastery of language all the four skills are important but for Pakistani students, and especially for the students of degree level, writing skill is more important as the students’ linguistic competence in the examination is assessed through writing only. Our examinations are writing oriented and although more time and attention is paid to writing skills yet even after so much coaching and care the performance of our students remain very poor. Students keep committing grave errors in large number and remain unable to write even a few sentences in grammatically correct English. Many students at B.A. level fail simply because of the subject of English and many leave their education for good because of repeated failure in this subject. Therefore, the researcher felt a dire need to see into the nature, causes and frequency of errors in written English at degree level with a view to making suggestion to minimize these errors and hence help the teachers as well as students to improve the situation. The aim of the research was to highlight the weak areas of the students while writing English as well as to determine the attitude of the students and the teachers towards written errors. Error free written English is the ideal in the mind of the researcher which he wants to achieve for the students at degree level; after all the students have been studying English for the last fourteen years, a pretty lengthy period indeed. The researcher studied the trend of setting papers and analyzed the errors of the students at sentence level and also in the context. To authenticate the data, interviews of the teachers were conducted for qualitative data and analysis. In the end, on the basis of the findings conclusion is drawn and suggestions are given for the reduction, if not total eradication of errors. These suggestions will not only help the teachers in designing remedial programme but also the students in improving their written English.