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Attribute-Aware Privacy in School Networks

Thesis Info

Author

Laraib Fatima

Supervisor

Malik Ahmed Kamran

Department

Department of Computer Science

Program

BCS

Institute

COMSATS University Islamabad

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Computer Science

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676719811989

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حرفے چند

ارضِ اقبال آفاقیت کے آئینے میں‘‘ڈاکٹر نصیر احمداسد کے مختلف تحقیقی و تنقیدی نوعیت کے مضامین پر مشتمل کتاب ہے۔بیشتر مضامین مختلف تحقیقی و تنقیدی رسائل کی زینت بن چکے ہیں۔ اُنھوں نے جن جن شخصیات پر قلم اٹھایا ہے،ان کے بارے میں معلومات کا ایک ذخیرہ جمع کر دیا ہے۔جہاں جہاں ضرورت محسوس کی ہے اپنی ناقدانہ رائے کا اظہار بھی بڑی خوب صورتی سے کیا ہے۔
    مَیں نے ڈاکٹر نصیر احمد  اسدکے مزاج میں ایک خاص بات محسوس کی ہے کہ وہ اپنے کام سے نہایت مخلص ہیں اور اپنی دُھن میں علمی خدمات میں ہمہ وقت مصروف  نظر آتے ہیں۔ان کے اسلوب کی سادگی اور روانی بات کو بوجھل نہیں ہونے دیتی۔ ان مضامین کے مطالعہ سے قاری نہ صرف مختلف شخصیات سے متعارف ہوتا ہے بلکہ ان کی علمی خدمات سے بھی ایک حد تک مستفید ہوتا ہے۔
    ’’مولوی فیروز الدین ڈسکوی‘‘ اور’’مولوی ابراہیم میر سیالکوٹی‘‘ والے مضامین میں مذکورہ شخصیات سے متعلق عمدہ معلومات جمع کی گئی ہیں۔ان شخصیات کے تعارف کے ساتھ ساتھ ان کی علمی خدمات پر بھی روشنی ڈالی گئی ہے۔اسی طرح ’’سیالکوٹ میں اردو شاعری کا ارتقا‘‘ اور’’ریاض حسین چودھری ایک نعت گو شاعر‘‘ میں ناقدانہ انداز نظر سے کام لیا گیا ہے۔دیگر مضامین بھی اپنی نوعیت کے خوب صورت مضامین ہیں۔الغرض مذکورہ کتاب ان کی تحقیقی و تنقیدی بصیرت کی آئینہ دار ہے۔
ڈاکٹر محمد افضل صفی
صدر شعبہ اردو گورنمنٹ گریجوایٹ کالج ،کروڑ لعل عیسن، ضلع لیہ

The Influence of Covid-19 on Indonesian Investment

The COVID-19 outbreak has had a serious impact on almost all countries in the world, including Indonesia. In response to this case, various policies began to emerge. Starting from the implementation of work from home, social distancing and physical distancing, until the implementation of large-scale social restrictions (PSBB). Overseas investors are busy focusing their finances on the needs of their respective countries to fight the virus. Domestic investment (PMDN) is also predicted to experience a slowdown. The social distancing policy resulted in the community not being able to run the economic system well, especially in the Indonesian investment sector so that the perokoniman namely investment in Indonesia decreased and there were some delays in investment by other countries in Indonesia.

Synthesis of Amino Acids by Click Chemistry

This dissertation is about the synthesis of amino acids i.e. L-alanine, D-phenylalanine, D-homoalanine, D-ornithine and D-lysine using Strecker synthesis. For this purpose, different aldehydes were treated with ammonia to synthesize imino derivatives which are treated with aqueous solution of cyanides. The resultant α-aminonitriles are subjected to acidic hydrolysis to form α-amino acids. Furthermore, the synthesis of nickelocene amino acids was then carried out using click chemistry. Moreover, nickelocene is first treated with acetic anhydride in the presence of phosphoric acid then acetyl nickelocene was obtained. After acetylation of nickelocene the compound acetyl nickelocene was reacted with phosphorous oxychloride in the presence of inert atmosphere at 0 °C then an organometallic novel compound of ethynyl nickelocene was synthesized as a precursor for variety of new compounds. To follow the click chemistry methodology this above titled compound ethynyl nickelocene was further reacted with different azides of amino acids like 3-Azido-L-Alanine, 4-Azido-D-phenylalanine, 4-Azido-D-Homoalanine, 5-Azido-D-Ornithine and 6-Azido-D-Lysine in the presence of CuI as a catalyst to obtained nickelocene amino acids. Click chemistry is a synthetic approach in which small building blocks are used or joining two or more than two reagents to make practical and best reliable chemical transformations. In this synthetic approach chemists synthesize the novel compounds and the precursors for further synthesis with greater yield. The applications of click chemistry are numerous especially in drug discovery, combinatorial chemistry, bioconjugation, and research in DNA and proteomics. The use of click chemistry also extended to find structure activity relationship between different chemicals to produce analogue of chemical libraries. There are different types of click reactions performed by the researchers. Here copper catalyzed cyclo-addition reaction was performed to synthesize the novel organometallic compounds. The coupling reactions in which terminal alkynes and azides are taking part and follow the “Copper catalyzed cycloaddition reactions” methodology in click chemistry. The synthesized nickelocene amino acids (organometallic compounds) were characterized by FT-IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR respectively. Antimicrobial activity of synthesized bioconjugates was also evaluated against various bacterial and fungal strains such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumonia, Alternaria alternate, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger.