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Obstacle Classfication Through Probabilistic Inference in Robot Navigation

Thesis Info

Author

Muhammad Shoaib Arshad

Supervisor

Amir Hanif Dar

Department

Department of Computer Science

Program

RCS

Institute

COMSATS University Islamabad

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2014

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Computer Science

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676719994799

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۔غزل

غزل ---عنبرین خان

بتاؤ کون کہتا ہے, محبت بس کہانی ہے
محبت کو خدارا تم ,کبھی بھی کھیل مت سمجھو
محبت پھول کی خوشبو, محبت  رنگ تتلی کا
محبت اک اشارہ ہے, وفا کا استعارہ ہے
زمیں والے! بتاؤ کس طرح سمجھیں محبت کو
محبت روشنی ہے, رنگ ہے, خوشبو ہے , نغمہ ہے
محبت ماؤں کا آنچل, محبت باپ کی شفقت
محبت ہے بہن کی اور ہے بھائی کی الفت بھی
محبت حق کا کلمہ ہے, محبت چاشنی من کی
محبت تو ازل سے ہے,محبت تا ابد ہوگی
فنا ہو جاۓ گی دنیا, فنا ہو جائیں گے ہم تم
محبت کا احاطہ اور کن الفاظ سے ہوگا

 

محبت تو صحیفہ ہے, محبت آسمانی ہے
محبت معجزہ ہے معجزوں کی ترجمانی ہے
محبت پربتوں کی جھیل کا شفاف پانی ہے
محبت اک ستارہ ہے, فلک کی بیکرانی ہے
محبت تو زمیں پر آسمانوں کی نشانی ہے
محبت اڑتا پنچھی ہے, محبت بہتا پانی ہے
محبت رب کی رحمت کا جہاں میں نقش ثانی ہے 
محبت کھیلتا بچہ ہے اور چڑھتی جوانی ہے
محبت روح کا مرہم, دلوں کی حکمرانی ہے
محبت تو ہے آفاقی,زمانی نہ مکانی ہے
محبت باقی رہ جاۓ گی,یہ تو جاودانی ہے
محبت تو محبت ہے,محبت زندگانی ہے

Child Labour in the Light of Quran and Sunnah

Child labor has been considered the most troubling & one of the greatest problems of great concern in the modern world, since it has not only negative effects on the child himself, but also on his family & society in general. However, it is a reality that can commonly & frequently be observed in the emerging & backward nations now a day where expropriated & evicted people take their young ones to workplaces to compete with their livelihoods. This article seeks to highlight the status of child labor & its solution in the light of Qur᾽an & Sunnah as many experts and platforms have offered their own solution. The study population consisted of scholars &the teachers/A᾽ema Kerām of religious institutions (Madrasah) of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Bannu, while its sample included 30 scholars & teachers/A᾽ema of different Madrasah in the Bannu District. The researcher has adopted content & methodologies of the interview from the respondents to explore this issue in detail. This study has the sole objective of: to find out solution of the Child Labour in the light of Holy Qur᾽an & Sunnah. This article summarizes the conclusion that holy religion of Muslims(Islam) strictly prohibit child labour, although allows child labour in some special cases, such as light work & character building activities which is

Natural Infestationof Rice Bug Leptocorisa Oratorius Hemiptera: Alydidae on Seed Viability, Yield and Quality of Oryza Sativa Crop in Vehari

Research was conducted on rice crop to see the impact of rice bug Leptocorisa oratorius on yield, quality and crop value at adoptive research station Vehari, Punjab, Pakistan. The studies showed that L. oratorius attacks on rice plant and produce unfilled grains. During research process, the infestation level of rice bug was observed on four rice varieties, Basmati-385, 11 Basmati-386, Basmati-2000 and Super-Basmati to see the effect of rice bug on rice plant and percentage of damaged rice plants were also observed. Results have shown that in potential grain loss, maximum 420 grains were damaged at 6 levels in Basmati-2000 while minimum were recorded 210 grains/30 days of intervals in Basmati-386. While the effect of bug on grain yield produced was maximum and 37% unfilled grains with bug?s density and maximum loss was occurred 11% at level 9 and maximum grains were present 475/m at 0 levels. Similarly maximum 100 grains weights were found in Basmati-386. Grain % with feeding sheath was recorded 85% in Basmati-385 and Basmati-2000 while 65% in Basmati-386 and maximum 95% seed germination was found in Basmati-2000 at 0 levels and minimum 31% at 9 levels. It was observed that L. oratorius nourished on rice plant and formed empty and incompletely filled grains. At the same degree of invasion, Basmati-386 and Super-Basmati had greater harvest, less injured grain, and more growth amounts than Basmati-2000, Basmati-385 in which rice bug were attacked more and these plants allowed rice bug nourishment. Results have shown that rice bug L. oratorius attacks on rice plant and nourished on fluid of stem and seed of rice. Rice bug mainly attacks at flowering and milky stage of spikelets. It was observed that when rice bug attacks on rice plant, 21% of rice yield reduced by rice bug L. oratorius in calculation to poor grain yield and low development percentage