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المحكم والمتشابه في القرآن الكريم

Thesis Info

Author

الجزائري، قدوري محمد الطيب

Department

Department of Tafseer and Quranic sciences

Program

MA

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

1995

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Tafseer and Quranic sciences

Language

Arabic

Other

Available at Centeral Library International Islamic University, Pakistan on MA/MSc 297.12207 ج ز م

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676721064242

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تیسرا باب: عہد اسلامی سے عصر حاضر تک

مسلم دور حکومت کے یہودی

باب سوم کے اہم نکات

  1. عہد نبویؐ کے یہودی مسلم تعلقات۔
  2. عہد عمر میں یروشلم کی حالت۔
  3. عہد عباسی میں یہودیوں کی حالت۔
  4. یہودیت کا عہد زریں۔
  5. موحدون کا یہودیوں پر جبر۔
  6. فاطمی دور کے حالات۔
  7. عثمانی دور میں یہودیوں کی خوشحالی۔
  8. یورپی یہودیوں کی بے کسی۔
  9. سامی مخالفت اور نازی جرمنی۔
  10. قیام اسرائیل کے صیہونی اقدام۔
  11.  عرب اسرائیل کشیدگی۔
          عرب کے ریگستانوں میں جہاں کبھی ابراہیمؑ کے بڑے بیٹے اسماعیلؑ کی قوم جا بسی تھی وہیں 570 عیسوی میں محمد ﷺ کی پیدائش ہوئی۔ ان کے پیروکار انہیں آخری نبی مانتے ہیں اور ان کی لائی ہوئی کتاب، قرآن مجید کو الہامی سمجھتے ہیں۔ مسیحؑ کی طرح ان کی شخصیت بھی بہت اہمیت کی حامل ہے تاہم یہودیت کی اس مختصر تاریخ میں آپؐ سے متعلق انہیں واقعات کو فوقیت دی گئی ہے جو مجموعی طور پر یہودی قوم سے متعلق ہیں۔ یہودیت اور مسیحیت ہی کی طرح آپ ﷺ کے لائے ہوئے مذہب یعنی اسلام نے بھی ایک خدا کی عبادت پر زور دیتے ہوئے شرک سے منع کیا۔ چونکہ یہ مذہب خود کو ملت ابرہیمی سے جوڑتے ہوئے ابراہیمؑ کو مسلمان گردانتا ہے، چنانچہ اس کے لیے یہودی و مسیحی بھی محترم تھے۔ قرآن مجید نے ان کے لیے "اہلِ کتاب" کی اصطلاح تجویز کی۔ مسلمانوں کے تحت یہود کے ایک بڑے طبقے نے مختلف علاقوں میں مجموعی طور پر 638 عیسوی سے لے کر تقریباً 1922عیسوی تک کا عرصہ گزارا۔

عہد نبویؐ

          آپ ﷺ کی پیدائش مکہ میں ہوئی جہاں سے وہ اپنے ہم قوموں کے مظالم کی وجہ سے ہجرت کر کے یثرب آ بسے جو بعد میں...

Teknis Pendirian Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia

Syariah banking as an important component of banking law in Indonesia is currently experiencing rapid growth. The existence of Shariah banking is expected to help solve various problems in Indonesia, especially poverty. In the midst of its development, Shariah banking has not been able to handle the market share where the majority of the market share comes from people from the middle class. In addition, the education and socialization of Shariah banking is insufficient, so there is a diversity of public perceptions regarding Shariah banking. Pros and cons occur in society regarding the establishment of Sharia banks, where the benefits of Sharia banking are enormous, both in the economic world and in the future. This research uses literature review. Review using a qualitative approach. Primary data sources in this research were obtained from observations or research observations on problems that occur with Sharia banking management. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from good literature and books, journals and other sources related to current materials.

Linear and Nonlinear Landau Damping With Non-Maxwellian Distribution Function

In many physical situations where a laser or electron beam passes through dense plasma, hot low-density electron populations can be generated, resulting in a particle distribution function consisting of a dense cold population and a small hot population. Presence of such low-density electron distributions can alter the wave damping rate. Kinetic model is employed to study the Landau damping of Langmuir waves when a small hot electron population is present in the dense cold electron population with non-Maxwellian distribution functions. Departure of plasma from Maxwellian distributions significantly alters the damping rates as compared to the Maxwellian plasma. Strong damping is found for highly non-Maxwellian distributions as well as plasmas with higher dense and hot electron population. Existence of weak damping is also established when the distribution contains broadened flat tops at the low energies or tends to be Maxwellian. These results may be applied in both experimental and space physics regimes. Using non-Maxwellian generalized (??, ??) distribution function electron acoustic instability has been investigated in magnetized and unmagnetized four component plasma. We analyzed electron velocity distribution function using Cluster data when Cluster was traversing from the dayside mid-latitude cusp to plasma sheet boundary region in the southern hemisphere. Observed distribution is fitted with the generalized (??, ??) distribution, and the values of spectral indices for cold, hot and beam electron components obtained from fitting are used in the numerical results. We then investigated the effects of beam density, beam temperature, beam velocity and propagation angle on the real frequency and growth rate of the EAW for both magnetized and unmagnetized cases. These results are compared with Maxwellian results and found that using observed distribution and plasma parameters, real frequency and growth rate remain higher than the Maxwellian or kappa values exhibit significantly different behavior from the ideal conditions. Nonlinear Landau damping of Langmuir waves in two electron component plasma is studied. The numerical results show a significant difference between the Maxwellian and non-Maxwellian instantaneous damping rates when generalized (??, ??) distribution function is used. Normalized amplitude of the nonlinear damping rate for the generalized (??, ??) distribution function and also for Maxwellian distribution remain high when the distribution contains two electron populations as compared to one electron population. It is found that maximum instantaneous amplitude for generalized (??, ??) distribution function is higher than the Maxwellian instantaneous amplitude.