مولانا شبلی ندوی
اسی مہینہ مولانا شبلی ندوی کی وفات تقریباً نوے سال کی عمر میں لکھنؤ میں ہوگئی، وہ اپنی زندگی میں سب سے پرانے ندوی کی حیثیت سے عزت کی نگاہ سے دیکھے جاتے تھے، شروع ہی سے بڑے خاکسار متواضع اور ایثار پسند رہے، علامہ شبلی نعمانی کے محبوب اور معتمد شاگردوں میں تھے، ان کو متکلم شبلی کہا کرتے تھے۔ اپنے بستر مرگ پر ان کو نصیحت کی تھی کہ جہاں رہو میری طرز تعلیم کو پھیلاتے رہو، ان ہی کی خواہش سے مدرسۃ الاصلاح سرائے میر میں مدرس ہوئے، اس کی خدمت میں پوری زندگی گذار دی، وہاں کے اختلافات کی وجہ سے کچھ دنوں اس سے علیحدہ رہے، لیکن پھر وہاں آگئے تھے، ان کی تمنا تھی کہ اس احاطہ میں دم توڑ دیں، لیکن آخری زندگی میں بعض اسباب سے ان کو پھر سے الگ ہونا پڑا، ان کی مٹی ان کو لکھنؤ لے گئی، کلام و معقولات کے بڑے لائق و فاضل مدرسہ تھے، دارالمصنفین سے بھی ان کو بڑی محبت رہی، بڑے خوش نصیب باپ تھے، ان کی اولاد ہندوبیرون ہند میں اچھے اچھے عہدوں پر مامور رہی مگر وہ اپنی اصلی اولاد مدرسۃ الاصلاح ہی کو سمجھتے رہے، اپنے لڑکوں کے گھروں کی راحت و آسائش کو یہاں کی قانع اور سادہ زندگی پر قربان کرتے رہے، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کو کروٹ کروٹ جنت نعیم عطا کریں، آمین۔ (’’ص ، ع‘‘، جنوری ۱۹۷۴ء)
With the current international competition among global companies, Business English as a Lingua Franca (BEFL) has become a necessity. As for one, Boardwalk Direct Selling Company recognizes the adoption of the BEFL concept within the organization to equip its workforce with adequate English language skills at par with global standards. This study aims to assess the organization’s current English proficiency and the readiness of its employees to embrace BEFL. This also presents the major English language skills areas that need improvement through training intervention. A stratified sampling method is utilized to extract data via an online survey. Respondents are strategically chosen to represent different strata such as organizational departments or groups, job levels, tenure, and age. A convenient size of 34 respondents participated in this study. Generally, respondents acknowledge the importance of the English language skill set in their job functions and as criteria for their career growth. Half of the sampling population affirms their English language proficiency. However, the study reveals that Boardwalk employees are willing to subject themselves to improving their English skills, most particularly in speaking and writing aspects. Given their willingness, the employees recommend that the company strengthen its BEFL trainings across the organization. Moreover, with the current setup of mostly working from home due to COVID restrictions, majority of the employees prefer online learning.
The study is an attempt to understand Chinese rapid economic growth and its impact on China – Pakistan relations from 2001 to 2014. The incidents of 9/11 had severe impact on global economic scenario resulting in global recession. Ironically, by the end of 2001 the major growth polls of the world slipped into recession, it caused serious damage to the economies of the developing countries particularly Pakistan as it was a front line state in war against terror. As a result of recession, imports and exports, industrial production, tax revenue and foreign direct investment were badly affected in Pakistan which resulted in huge economic loss - approximately US$ 67 billion. Due to emergence of terrorism since 9/11, foreign direct investment in Pakistan declined and thus, a large amount of Chinese Foreign direct investment was directed towards Latin America and Africa which affected the economy of Pakistan. The present study highlights core areas of economic cooperation between China and Pakistan, which can further strengthen Pakistan’s economy, resulting in a win – win situation in trade between the two countries. The research adopts and follows the theories of Liberalism and highlights the Flying Geese model in the economic and trade affairs between the two countries. Further, the study seeks to find out possible ways to overcome the weak areas of trade between China and Pakistan for better economic relations between both the countries, in which Pakistan could also gain more benefit. The study provides a baseline to the policy makers in Pakistan to overcome the weaknesses due to which Pakistani exports could not find a suitable place in the Chinese market.