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Home > Rooted cosmopolitanism in Mohsin Hamid's moth smoke and the reluctant fundamentalist

Rooted cosmopolitanism in Mohsin Hamid's moth smoke and the reluctant fundamentalist

Thesis Info

Author

Kalsoom Khan

Supervisor

Munazza Yaqoob

Department

Department of English

Program

MS

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2013

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

168

Subject

English

Language

English

Other

MS 821.00995491 KAR

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676721614453

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فضولِ خرچی ایک برائی

فضول خرچی ایک برائیفضول خرچی ایک برائی
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز سامعین اور میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس موضوع پر اظہار خیال کرنا ہے وہ ہے:’’فضول خرچی ایک برائی ‘‘
صدرِذی وقار!
دولت اگر حلال ذرائع سے میسر آجائے تو وہ ایک نعمت غیر مترقبہ سے کم نہیں ہے، دولت کے حصول کی خاطر انسان شب وروز ایک کر دیتا ہے، دن رات محنت کرتا ہے، انتھک جدوجہد کرتا ہے، غیر معمولی مساعی کرتا ہے، اس کی جملہ توانائیاں صرف اور صرف اس مقصد کی خاطر صرف ہوجاتی ہیں اور پھر ایک وقت ایسا آتا ہے کہ وہ شہر خاموشاں کا رخ کر لیتا ہے۔
محترم صدر!
مال و دولت کمانے کے لیے خون پسینہ ایک کرنا پڑتا ہے اور خواہ کتنا خرماں نصیب ہے وہ شخص جو اللہ تعالیٰ کے اس انعام کو بے دریغ خرچ کرتا ہے۔ لہو و لعب میں اپنی کمائی ضائع کر دیتا ہے۔ عیش وعشرت میں زندگی گزارتا ہے اور اس طرح اس کے لمحات حیات گزرتے رہتے ہیں۔ فضول خرچ انسان نہ صرف اپنا نقصان کرتا ہے بلکہ اپنے خویش و اقارب کے لیے سم قاتل ثابت ہوتا ہے۔
صدرِذی وقار!
ارشادِ باری تعالیٰ ہے کہ بے شک فضول خرچ شیطان کے بھائی ہوتے ہیں اسی طرح دیگر مقام پر آیا ہے کہ شیطان انسان کا کھلا دشمن ہے اور دشمن کا بھائی بھی دوست نہیںہوسکتا اس سے بھلائی کی توقع نہیں کی جاسکتی اور پھر مسلمان ہونے کے ناتے فضول خرچی نہ صرف عیب ہے بلکہ گناہ بھی ہے اور مسلمان کبھی گناہ کو پسند نہیں کرتا۔ ہمیشہ ایسے ذرائع استعمال کرتا ہے کہ جس سے اس کو سکون میسر آئے اور روحانی تازگی نصیب ہو، فضول خرچ بھی طمانیت...

وائٹ گولڈ کا بطور زیور استعمال

White gold is a man-made bright, white and antioxidant compound, made by mixing platinum and palladium in gold or silver, nickel and some copper in gold, and when yellow gold is added to the various metallic compounds above, it turns white. White Gold was invented in the early 19th century, then it was a mixture of platinum and palladium, but nowadays white gold is a mixture of nickel, platinum, palladium and magnesium, while sometimes it contains copper, zinc and silver. It turns white with color. First White Gold was introduced by Germany in 1912 for sale in the market and then by 1920 White Gold gained popularity as an alternative to platinum. Nowadays white gold is more popular, more favored and is more expensive than yellow gold. White gold is actually yellow gold, with addition of various metals it turns to white so it will apply all the rules that Islam has applied to gold and it is not permissible for a Muslim man to wear its ornaments. However, it is permissible for a woman to wear all kinds of jewelry and Zakat will be obligatory on the man and woman who have the white gold according to the quantity limit prescribed by the prophet (SAW).

Effect of Chromium Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles on the Growth Performance, Organs Development, Intestinal Histo-Morphometry and Electrophysiology of Broilers

Effects of chromium loaded chitosan nanoparticles supplementation on growth, serum metabolites and intestinal histology in broilers The present research was aimed to evaluate the effects of chromium loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Cr-CNPs) on production performance, viscera development, serum metabolites and intestinal histology in broilers. Two hundred (200), one-day-old, broilers were randomly divided into five groups with five replicates (n=8). Birds in the first group served as control and were fed corn soya-bean based diet, while the remaining four supplemented groups were offered 200, 400, 800, and 1200 µg Cr-CNPs/kg of feed, respectively, for 35 days. Weight gain, feed intake, and FCR remained unaffected with Cr-CNPs supplementation. No changes were observed in the relative weights of viscera. The relative length of the small intestine was decreased in birds supplemented with 200 and 800 µg Cr-CNPs/kg feed compared with the 1200 µg Cr-CNPs supplemented and control groups. Serum metabolites remained unaffected with Cr-CNPs supplementation except for the serum HDL that was increased. Cr-CNPs decreased the retention of chromium in the bone at higher concentrations. Jejunal villus height, villus surface area, and villus height to crypt depth ratio were increased in 800 µg Cr-CNPs supplemented group. In conclusion, Cr-CNPs did not affect growth performance, viscera development, and most of the serum metabolites but enhanced jejunal morphological attributes at 800 µg Cr-CNPs/kg of feed. Effects of chromium loaded chitosan nanoparticles on the electrophysiological indices and glucose transporters in broilers The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of chromium loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Cr-CNPs) on electrophysiological indices, gene expression of glucose transporters and tissue glycogen in broilers. Two hundred (200), one-day-old, broilers were randomly divided into five groups (A, B, C, D, and E) each having five replicates (n=8). Group-A was fed a corn-soya-bean meal-based diet, while the diets of groups B, C, D, and E were supplemented with 200, 400, 800 and 1200µg Cr-CNPs/kg of feed, respectively. On day 35, eight birds per treatment were killed to obtain segments of jejunum for electrophysiological study using Ussing chambers. Additionally, two birds per replicate were randomly killed to collect the jejunum for mRNA quantification of glucose transporters and tissues for the detection of glycogen content. The basal short-circuit current (Isc) and tissue conductance (Gt) before the addition of glucose were the same in all the groups. After the addition of glucose, change in short circuit current (ΔIsc) was decreased (P<0.05) in the birds supplemented with group C and group E compared with the control group without affecting change in tissue conductance (ΔGt). Gene expression of SGLT-1 and GLUT-2 remained unaffected (P<0.05) with Cr-CNPs supplementation. The liver glycogen content decreases (P<0.05) linearly with CrCNPs supplementation while no effects were observed in muscle glycogen content. In conclusion, Cr-CNPs supplementation decreases the glucose absorption and liver glycogen content in a dosedependent manner without affecting the gene expression of glucose transporters.