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A Sociological analysis of womens,s marriage rights in Quran in comparison with Pakistani constitution

Thesis Info

Author

Sadaf Zahra

Supervisor

Amber Ferdoos

Department

Department of Sociology

Program

MS

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2017

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

191

Subject

Sociology

Language

English

Other

MS 306.8 SAS

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676721633859

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در د کو در د نہیں میں نے دوا مان لیا

درد کو درد نہیں میں نے دوا مان لیا
زہر کو زہر نہیں میں نے شفا مان لیا

تو نے جو مجھ کو محبت میں سزائیں دی ہیں
میں نے ایک ایک سزا کو بھی جزا مان لیا

کفر اسلام میں انسان کو سجدہ کرنا
مذہبِ عشق نے اس کو بھی بجا مان لیا

ہے یہ کیا مجھ کو بتائیں گے فتاویٰ والے؟
سنتے ہیں قیس نے لیلیٰ کو خدا مان لیا

تیرے ہر درد کو سمجھا ہے عنایت تیری
تیرے ہر زخم کو تائب نے عطا مان لیا

Basel Iii: Impact and Challenges to Islamic Financial Institutions: Evidence of Pakistan and Malaysia

The global financial crises 2007 bring about the current banking regulations which stood inadequate to avoid banks from taking in unnecessary risk actions. Therefore, Bank for International Settlement (BIS) and G-20 leaders endorsed a new international standard of banking regulations by revising previous Basel II rule, introduced in 2004, into Basel III in late 2010, so as to enhance the quality including quantity of capital, leverage ratio and liquidity standards, which has become a challenge for nationals to implement these strict reforms under their existing banking system. Parallel with the conventional banking system, for which the Basel Committee formulated Basel framework, Islamic banking introduced in early 1977 to 1980 in Pakistan in response to the decision by the Shariat Bench of Supreme Court, necessitates that the financial system be transformed to operate in conformity with sharia. The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) and Bank Negara Malaysia are the regulator of Islamic banks and full member of IFSB. The Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB) established in 2002 in Malaysia as an international standard-setting organization to enforce the international regulatory and supervisory guidelines for Islamic financial organizations along with other standard setting bodies such as AAOIFI and ISDB to achieve this objective. The IFSB promotes the stability and soundness of the Islamic financial institutions by issuing guiding standards and prudential regulations for the industry, The IFSB applied Basel standards in the context of Islamic banks and its operating models. This paper critically evaluates Islamic financial institution’s regulatory and supervisory structures particularly for Pakistan and Malaysia and examines financial position after implementing Basel Accord rules. Study suggests a positive impact in case of both countries.

Dielectric Characterization Using High Q Microwave Resonators

Dielectric Characterization Using High Q Microwave Resonators This dissertation presents a very efficient and robust method of dielectric characterization through high quality factor resonant structures. The resonant structures employed in this work acts as sensing elements which are not only cost effective but also easy to integrate with other components for System-in-Package applications. These sensors work on the principle of resonant perturbation theory due to which there is a shift in resonant frequency and change in bandwidth as soon as they are loaded with a sample material. This perturbation is relative to the dielectric properties of the loaded material hence through prior calibration unknown parameters of the sample material can be determined with excellent accuracy. Two classes of sensors based on Dielectric Resonator (DR) and Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) cavity are reported. The DR sensor offers high accuracy and excellent repeatability with straight forward MUT loading mechanism. The TM01δ resonant mode is excited to keep maximum E-field concentration in the middle of DR. This arrangement ensures maximum perturbation of the DR when the sample material is loaded. Organic liquid mixtures as well as powdered chemicals are measured for their concentration using this DR. SIW cavity is another structure which is investigated for dielectric characterization application of solids and in particular to estimate moisture content in a single wheat kernel. The wheat kernel is loaded inside cavity through a hole drilled in the appropriate location that results in shifting the resonant frequency of SIW cavity which is operated in TE101 or TE102 resonant mode. High quality factor and planar topology of SIW is very attractive for such applications. A relatively different technique of liquid characterization by varying the coupling coefficient of an SIW filter is also proposed. A two pole SIW filter is used in which the two resonators are coupled through a stub line. The sample is mounted on the coupling section of the filter resulting in the variation of the coupling coefficient and xi this variation is proportional to the electrical properties of the liquid under test, thus through prior calibration the liquid mixture concentration is determined. All the proposed techniques in this work can be easily transformed into a standalone handheld device by integrating peripheral electronics for measurements. Since the resonant perturbation technique is applied in association with the standard reference samples which are used for calibrating the system prior to its usage therefore, the handheld system does not require very high precision RF components.