Search or add a thesis

Advanced Search (Beta)
Home > 1st business plan competition bizzfest2010

1st business plan competition bizzfest2010

Thesis Info

Author

Jan, Ahmed Saeed Ullah

Department

Department of Technology Management

Program

BBA

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2011

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

32

Subject

Technology Management

Language

English

Other

BS 658.4012 JAB

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676721747216

Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

Join our Whatsapp Channel to get regular updates.

Similar


Loading...
Loading...

Similar Books

Loading...

Similar Chapters

Loading...

Similar News

Loading...

Similar Articles

Loading...

Similar Article Headings

Loading...

۳-متی

۳-متی

"أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَن تَدْخُلُواْ ٱلْجَنَّةَ وَلَمَّا يَأْتِكُم مَّثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ خَلَوْاْ مِن قَبْلِكُم مَّسَّتْهُمُ ٱلْبَأْسَآءُ وَٱلضَّرَّآءُ وَزُلْزِلُواْ حَتَّىٰ يَقُولَ ٱلرَّسُولُ وَٱلَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ مَعَهُ مَتَىٰ نَصْرُ ٱللَّهِ أَلا إِنَّ نَصْرَ ٱللَّهِ قَرِيبٌ۔"[[1]]

"پھر کیا تم لوگوں نے یہ سمجھ رکھا ہے کہ یونہی جنت کا داخلہ تمہیں مل جائے گا، حالانکہ ابھی تم پر وہ سب کچھ نہیں گزرا ہے، جو تم سے پہلے ایمان لانے والوں پر گزر چکا ہے؟ اُن پر سختیاں گزریں، مصیبتیں آئیں، ہلا مارے گئے، حتیٰ کہ وقت کارسول اور اس کے ساتھی اہل ایمان چیخ اٹھے کہ اللہ کی مدد کب آئے گی اُس وقت انہیں تسلی دی گئی کہ ہاں اللہ کی مدد قریب ہے"۔



[[1]]     القرآن ،۲ : ۲۱۴۔

اختلاف الدلالات للكلمات المشتركة بين العربية والأردية وأثره في تعليم اللغة العربية

Arabic language is a family member of Semitic languages whereas Urdu is the member of Indo-European Languages. The Arabic language though is not from the same language family but amazingly it provides much of its share through alphabets, words with its meanings and pronunciation. These features of both languages have provoked to study it under the contrastive linguistics through semantic study of commonly used words. This research is a semantic study of commonly used words in both languages of different language family along with the applied linguistics in Language teaching. There are large numbers of Arabic words that are used in Urdu language and there are significant numbers of words that are used in different meanings, this change in meaning led to change in semantic field. This research paper also study the effect of semantic change of these words on Arabic Language teaching to the Pakistani students whose native language is Urdu. This study will also reveal the reasons of errors during language learning with the help of semantic study if commonly used words.

Environmental Risk Factors of Tuberculosis and Detection of Infection and Drug Resistance Through Multiplex Analysis

Over 9 million new active tuberculosis (TB) cases emerge each year from an enormous pool of 2 billion individuals latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb.) worldwide. About 3 million new TB cases per year go undiagnosed, and 1.5 million die (equivalent to AIDS related deaths). Involvement of various host related and environmental risk factors increasing the susceptibility of the disease and emergence of MDRTB has made the control and eradication of the disease difficult. TB, however, is generally curable if diagnosed correctly and in a timely manner. The current diagnostic methods for TB and MDRTB, including state-of-the-art molecular tests, have failed in delivering the capacity needed to curtail this ongoing pandemic. Highly efficient, accurate, cost effective and scalable diagnostic tests are critically needed. We report a multiplex TB serodiagnostic panel for TB infection and a DNA based tests for MDRTB, based on microbead suspension array. Our serodiagnostic panel demonstrates sensitivity of 91% for confirmed TB cases on serum/plasma samples from patients. Sensitivities of this new test format for sputum smear positive and negative cases are 95%, and 89%, respectively, and this test has specificity of 96%. Similarly our DNA based test for MDRTB mutation has 86% sensitivity for Rifampicin, 92% for Isoniazid, 62% for Streptomycin and 63% for Ethambutol resistant samples. This test has shown 100% specificity and 100% correlation between sputum and culture samples of MDRTB. These diagnostic criteria for the multiplex TB & MDRTB test are greatly superior to that of the frontline sputum smear test (30-70% sensitivity) and conventional culture and DST. The test can be run on either blood plasma/serum or dried blood spots (DBS) for TB infection and on DNA isolated from sputum/culture of MDRTB sample, enabling use in almost any setting with scalability from 1 to 360 patients per day, and is amenable to automation for higher (1000s per day) throughput. We also have reported the involvement of well-established host related, environmental and social risk factors in susceptibility of the disease. For host-related factors, TB was found to be significantly associated with male gender, marital status, smoking, drinking, personal and family history of TB, asthma and diabetes (OR: 1.08, 1.96, 1.21, 4.26, 2.07, 3.16, 3.43 and 3.67) respectively with P-value <0.001. For environmental and socio economic factors TB was found to be associated with adult crowding, increased family size, poor ventilation and use of biofuels (OR: 4.60, 1.75, 3.29 and 3.90) illiteracy, unawareness of the disease, migration and presence of animals in the house (OR: 1.74, 0.07, 1.83 and 1.60) respectively with p-values of <0.005. Thus in combination with information of demographic details, risk factors information and use of the proposed test, diagnosis of TB and MDRTB can be possible in one day without any delay in initiation of the treatment. This approach can help TB control program to control the disease by diagnosing it efficiently, accurately, and timely.