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Youth perception about sectarian violence in Gilgit

Thesis Info

Author

Maham Ali

Supervisor

Rabia Gul

Department

Department of Sociology

Program

MSc

Institute

International Islamic University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Province

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2019

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

65

Subject

Sociology

Language

English

Other

MA/MSC 363.325095491 MAY

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676722237824

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۔غزل

غزل---ڈاکٹر انور علی انور

جنگ میں قائل رہا ہوں کب میں تیغ و تیر کا
اک زمانے سے رہا ہوں بر سر پیکار میں
برف باری کا یہ موسم درد کی تصویر ہے
میں نے اپنا دل جلایا ہے تمھارے واسطے
قتل کرکے وہ مجھے یاروں سے یہ کہتا رہا
میری چاہت کا محل مسمار ہوتا ہی رہا
جس نے میرا راستہ روکا ہے انور کیا کہوں

 

مانتا ہوں پھر بھی انور رول میں شمشیر کا
یہ قلم بھی اک حوالہ ہے میری توقیر کا
اور میں مارا ہوا ہوں درد کی تصویر کا
اور تم نے طوق پہنایا مجھے رہ گیر کا
کیا خطا میری ہے اس میں کھیل ہے تقدیر کا
آگرا سر پر میرے ملبہ میری تعمیر کا
اک سرا میں نے بھی تھاما ہے اسی زنجیر کا

ڈاكٹر فضل الرحمن (م۱۹۸۸ء) کے آرا ء كا ایجابی اور سلبى پہلو

The government of General Ayub Khan (Former President of Pakistan) established an Institution in 1960, in the name of Idarah Tahqeeqat Islami (Islamic Research Institute). Dr, Fazlur Rahman, was the visiting professor at the institute remained on the rank of director of the year 1961 to 768 in seven years. And later, he serves as an advisor to the Islamic Ideology council. The writer who was published by the Institute of Islamic Research was the first editor of "Fikr-o - Nazar”. The scholars were considered as 'expertise of logic and philosophy' as 'interpretation of the Qur'an'. It is mentioned in the various verses of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). The slaughtering of zakat in 'zakat' animal slaughtering 'basic laws and family planning' matters of marriage and Sunnah, such as the month of revelation, and their opinions have earned great reputation. And because of which they were accused of denying the heavenly nature of the Qur'an. Therefore, the first step towards Islamic thinking regarding the Islamic idea was to put an eye on Islamic law and religious beliefs on Islam. According to their plan, the difference between the Quranic verses and the verses and the laws of the law, is the difference. Regarding the meanings, his axis received: The beginning of the tradition and the meaning of 'the law of the law' is the word and the law. Islamic Laws' Principles Concernedly speaking about issues like Fiqh and Qa'as and al-Azai speak.

Gender and Student Classroom Participation and Identities in Higher Education: A Case Study of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

This research looks into the interplay between gender and student classroom participation and identities in higher education. Research literature demonstrates that variance is found in students‘ classroom participation. While some researchers attribute these differences to student gender, others are of the opinion that other contextual factors are responsible for students‘ differential classroom participation. Moreover, diverse research findings also confirm that universities are unfriendly places for females, where they are discriminated against in a host of ways. In the recent past, the number of universities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa has substantially increased, as part of the government resolve for increasing access to higher education for all, regardless of religion, class, gender and race. Therefore, it was imperative to look into gender-based disparities that female students might face while endeavoring for getting higher education. Using a qualitative case study design, nine universities were purposively selected as sample for data collection, out of the total nineteen (19) public sector universities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Representations to the all culturally diverse areas have been given while selecting the sample of the study. Data were gathered through semi structured interviews and observations from students and teachers of the given sample universities. Two (2) male and two (2) female students from a departments each in a university were interviewed, while two (2) male and two (2) female teachers from the selected departments were also interviewed. Similarly, two classrooms observations were done in the sampled departments of the universities. The results show that universities in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa present highly unfriendly environments for female students; male students disproportionately dominate classroom activities. The findings also show that teachers and students tend to endorse and practice culturally appropriate practices, which serve to disadvantage and deny female students equal learning opportunities. Moreover, female students were found to be facing discrimination from male students as well as from male faculty members. Female students are expected to adhere to the established cultural beliefs and expectations of Pakhtun patriarchal society; otherwise, they are considered and branded to be violating established social rules and codes. Cultural inequalities and discrimination are visible not only in classrooms but also outside classroom within universities. Female students also face harassment from both faculty members and male students to the level where even females themselves have internalized such behaviors as something normal and expected. So strong are the beliefs of male dominance in the minds of both male and female faculty members and students that females are considered inferior not only physically but also mentally and consequently their better than males‘ academic performance is branded as based on rote memorization.