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Iran’S Nuclear Programme: its Regional and Global Implications

Thesis Info

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Author

Muhammad Ismail, Muhammad Ismail

Program

PhD

Institute

Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology

City

Dera Ismail Khan

Province

KPK

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2013

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Political science

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/2332/1/2812S.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676724819033

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Iran’s nuclear programme has created controversy at the regional and global levels. This issue has created diplomatic tension between Iran and the West. There is a need to assess Iran’s nuclear programme and the role of the regional and global community associated with this issue. The objective assessment of such type has to take into account the broader view of the prevailing geopolitical and security structure in the Southwest Asia, as well as the strategic interests of the US and her closest allies in the region, including the interests of Israel. There are two perspectives about Iran’s nuclear programme. First, Iranian leadership claims that its nuclear programme is in complete conformity with Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) statute and laws. Second, the US and her Western and regional allies in the Southwest Asia, blame the Iranian leadership in pursuing weapon-oriented nuclear programme. The current crisis of Iran’s nuclear programme is the product of several domestic, regional and international factors. The pattern of interaction between Iran and the regional states is rooted in history, which also determines the exigencies of their relationship. In fact, history does not grow in vacuüm. The geostrategic factors have influenced historical forces nurturing the military and economic environment. No doubt, Iran’s nuclear programme is of serious nature and it could change or destabilize the regional strategic environment seriously. In the post-Cold War era, Iran’s nuclear enrichment programme is perhaps one of the most hot button issues in the world. It is one of those issues, which have polarized the opinion at almost all levels: Domestic, Regional and Global. The regional and global community perceives Iran’s nuclear programme serious threat to regional and global non-proliferation efforts. The general thrust of the study is to assess the interests of Iran, in the light of their great historical character, which does not influence by the pressure tactics and always stand against the global powers for their rights and independence.
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سلطان کھاروی دیاں غزلاں دے وشے تے فنی خوبیاں

سلطان کھاروی دیاں غزلاں دے وشے تے فنی خوبیاں

غزل شاعری دا اک اجیہا کھیترا اے جس دے ہر شعر وچ دوجے توں وکھرا سر نانواں بیان کیتا سکدا اے ۔ایسے گن پاروں ایس صنف نے صدیاں پرانیاں صنفاںنو ں پچھا نہہ کر دتا اے ،تے ہر پاسے ایسے دی پردھانگی وکھائی دیندی اے ۔بہت ساریاں کویاں ایس صنف  راہیںنویکلے وچار پر گٹ کر کے کیول ایس صنف نوں امیرای نہیں کیتا سگوں اپنے آپ نوں کوتا وچ امر وی کر لیا اے ۔

سمکالی کویاں دے غزل مہاڑ بارے جدوں کھوج کرئیے تاں دھیان آپو سلطان کھاروی ول جاندا اے ۔کیوں جے ایس بہوں گُنی کوی نے کوتا کھتیر دے نال نال اک وڈا ناں غزل کھتیر وچ وی کمایا اے ۔اوہناں حیاتی نال تعلق رکھن والے ہر پکھ نوں اپنیاں غزلاں دا وشاد بنا یا اے ۔کجھ دا اویروا انج اے ۔

کسے کوی دی علمیت دا گویڑا اوس دی کوتا وچ بیان ہوئی اتہاس نگاری توں لایا جا سکدا اے ۔کیوں جے عام کوی گھٹ ای اتہاس نوں غزلاں وچ بیان کر دے نیں ۔فیر ایہہ کم ڈاڈھا اوکھا وی اے ۔کیوں جے اتہاسک گھٹناواں نوں اوہناں دے پچھو کڑ وچ بیان اوہ کوی ای کر سکدا اے جس نوں اتہاس دی بھرنویں جانکاری ہووے تے نال اوہ شاعری دے فن اتے تگڑی پکڑ وی رکھدا ہووے ۔کھاروی ہوری ایس پکھ توں بہوں بھاگ شالی ہن کہ اوہ کیول اتہاس دی بھر پور جانکاری ای نہیں رکھدے سگوں ایہناں واقعات نوں شعراں وچ بیان کرن دی جاچ وی رکھدے نیں ۔اوہناں اسلامی اتہاس ،جگت اتہاس ، پنجاب اتہاس تے ایس دھرتی دیاں پریم کتھاواں نوں وی شعراں وچ بیان کیتا اے ۔کجھ مثالاں انج نیں ۔

اسلامی اتہاس وچ حضرت ابراہیم ؑ  نوں اگ وچ سٹن والے واقعہ نو ںشاعری وچ رج...

علامہ سیوطی کی کتاب لباب النقول فی اسباب النزول کا تحقیقی وتنقیدی جائزہ

Islam is a natural and complete code of life for human being. Among the basic sources of Islamic teachings, The Holy Quran is the first and fundamental source. In the field of Islamic studies, Quran discipline has many branches and sub disciplines which assist us to understand the Quran, these sub-disciplines are called “Ulum Al Quran”. “Ulum Al Quran” are divided in hundreds types and Ilm Asbab Al Nuzul” is a very important among these types. The importance of this ilm can be gauged that the scholars and Interpreter of The Holy Quran have written separate books with respect of this ilm. We can see that after Allama Wahidi, Allama Jalaluddin Suyuti has also compiled a value able book named:  "لباب النقول فی اسباب النزول"“Libab Al Nuqul Fi Asbab Al Nuzul” on this Ilm. In this article will try to find out and explain the methodology of Allama Jalaluddin Suyuti in his basic and majestic book with narration of its value ability, popularity and necessary introduction.

Evaluation of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor L. As a Bio-Energy Crop in Pakistan

Bio-energy is a sustainable and promising energy source owing to less greenhouse gas emissions. In Pakistan, there is no information available regarding the bio-energy production from plant biomass. In this framework, four experiments were conducted for the two-years at Post Graduate Agricultural Research Station (PARS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan to determine the effect of different management considerations on the dry matter yield (DMY), composition, and, methane production from Sorghum bicolor. In the first experiment, ten different sorghum cultivars (JS-263, Jawar-2011, Hagari, JS-2002 and YS-2016) and lines (5025, 6024, 5018, 113 and 1914) were compared to sort out best genotype and lines regarding the DMY, composition and methane yield (MY).The second experiment was comprised of different sowing methods i.e., broadcasting, drill sowing, ridge sowing and bed sowing and sorghum cultivars, i.e., JS-263, Jawar-2011, Hagari, JS-2002 and YS-2016. The third experiment was comprised of three sowing dates, i.e. SD1= 1st May, SD2= 20th May, SD3= 10th June and sorghum cultivars, i.e., JS-263, Jawar-2011, Hagari, JS-2002 and YS-2016. The fourth experiment was composed of five harvesting times (HT); 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 days after sowing (DAS) and five sorghum cultivars, i.e., JS-263, Jawar-2011, Hagari, JS-2002 and YS-2016. The first experiment was executed in a RCBD and remaining three experiments were performed in RCBD with split plot arrangements and replicated three times. In the first experiment cultivars and lines featured significant differences for the DMY, quality and MY. Jawar-2011 and YS-2016 were the top performers with respect to methane production owing to higher DMY although they had minimum specific methane yield (SMY). Amongst lines L-5018 produced the higher DMY and MY as compared to other lines. In the second experiment planting methods and cultivars had a substantial impact on the growth, DMY and MY ha-1 basis. However, ridge sowing performed remarkably well and produced more DMY (+31%, +33%) and MY (+26%, +29%) as compared to broadcasting during both years. Although planting methods had no impact on the compositional attributes i.e., protein, sugars, fiber fractions, lignin, and ash contents and SMY. Amid cultivars, Jawar-2011 produced maximum MY (4193 m3N ha-1, 3874 m3N ha-1) afterward YS-2016 (3877 m3N ha-1, 3746 m3N ha-1) and JS-2002 produced minimum MY (3590 m3N ha-1, 3451 m3N ha-1) during 2016 and 2017.In the third study, early sowing had better growth and produced more DMY and therefore, the higher MY. Moreover, maximum protein (11.03%, 10.71%) and sugar contents (10.28%, 9.86%) were recorded in early sowing as compared to later sowing, however, later sowing had more NDF (54.96%, 56.06%) and lignin (5.02%, 5.15%) possibly due to more stem proportion. In early, sowing cultivar Jawar-2011 produced more DMY and MY and in later sowing YS-2016 performed appreciably well due to quick growth life cycle and produced maximum DMY and MY during both years. In fourth experiment Jawar-2011 and YS-2016 produced highest DMY than the other cultivars, and consequently the higher MY. Delaying in harvesting (120DAS vs 60DAS) resulted in significant differences in all the traits; increase in the DMY (+47%, +51%), ADF (+47%, +43%), NDF (+52%, +44%) and lignin (+52%, +49%), and reduction in protein (-29%, -27%) and ash (-28%, -29%) and SMY (-20%, -19%) during both years. Therefore, the outcomes of these studies would set premise for the countries like Pakistan who have recently focused on the bio-energy production from plant biomass.