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A Metagenomic Analysis of the Respiratory Microbiota of Birds

Thesis Info

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Author

Shabbir, Muhammad Zubair

Program

PhD

Institute

University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2013

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Natural Sciences

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/handle/123456789/924

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676725400068

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مولانا حافظ فضل رحمن ندوی

مولانا حافظ فضل الرحمن ندوی کیرانوی
علمائے ندوہ کی برادی میں یہ خبر بڑے افسوس کے ساتھ سنی جائے گی کہ ان کے سب سے پرانے رفیق اور دوست مولانا حافظ فضل رحمان صاحب ندوی امام و خطیب جامع مسجد خانقاہ مجددیہ سر ہند نے چند ماہ کی علالت کے بعد بمرض استسقاء بمقام مدرسۂ فرقانیہ لکھنؤ بتاریخ ۲؍ اکتوبر ۱۹۴۴؁ء بروز جمعہ ۷ بجکر ۴۳ منٹ شام کے وقت اس دنیائے فانی کو الوداع کہا، ان کی عمر غالباً ۶۵ برس کے اندر ہوگی، کیرانہ ضلع مظفر نگران کا اصلی وطن تھا، مگر بچپن سے وہ لکھنؤ آئے اور دارلعلوم ندوہ میں داخل ہوکر متوسطات تک کی تعلیم پائی اور فکر معاش سے مجبور ہوکر مدرسہ ہی میں صرف و نحو کی مدرسی کی خدمت قبول کرلی، وہ استاذنا جناب مولانا محمد فاروق صاحب چریا کوٹی مدرس اعلیٰ دارالعلوم کے محبوب شاگردوں میں تھے، صرف و نحو اور ریاضیات سے بڑی دلچسپی اور مہارت رکھتے تھے، انتظامی سلیقہ بھی اچھا تھا، جن لوگوں کو مولانا شبلی مرحوم کے زمانہ کے ندوہ اور الندوہ سے تعلق رہا ہے ان کو مکتب المعین کی بھی یاد ہوگی، مرحوم اس مکتبہ کے مہتمم اول تھے، لکھنؤ میں عربی کی مصری مطبوعات کی تجارت کا آغاز انہی نے کیا، اور اب موجودہ شبلی بک ڈپو اسی کی یادگار ہے۔
مرحوم نے عین جوانی میں انابت الی اﷲ کی توفیق پائی اور مدرسہ کی نوکری چھوڑ کر مولانا عین القضاۃ صاحب لکھنویؒ سے نقشبندی مجددی طریقہ میں بیعت کی اور انہی کے درسہ فرقانیہ میں مدرس بھی ہوگئے اور پھر انہی کے ہو رہے، انہی کے زمانہ میں حج سے بھی فراغت پائی ان کی وفات کے بعد لکھنؤ سے سر ہند جاکر خانفاہ مجددیہ کی جامع مسجد میں خطابت و امامت قبول کی آخر میں اس کا معاوضہ چھوڑ کر...

Transplant and Donation of Organs in Islamic Perspective

Transplantation of organs and its donation is a burning issue of the present time. It has been carried out in different ways for different purposes. No doubt, the medical field has a vital role in serving the human beings by introducing new means of treatments including the transplant of organs. In Islamic point of view the transplantation and donation of human organs is lawful only when it follows the objectives of Shariah. The human dignity is to be maintained in every movement of life. If practicing the transplant leads to human destruction and violation of its prestige and honor or paves the path to kidnapping, bargaining and immorality, then it should be avoided. Donation of organs, under the supervision of strict regulatory authority, will be beneficial. In this article, Islamic perspective on this issue has been brought forth.

Studies on Diversity of Basidiomycetes of District Shangla

In the present research the diversity of Basidiomycetes of District Shangla, KP, Pakistan has been explored. District Shangla is an administrative unit of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, located at 34, 31 to 33°, 08° north latitudes and 72, 33 to 73°, 01° east longitudes, with a total area of 1,586 square kilometers. The mountains of Shangla district are the western extremities of the Great Himalayan range with an average elevation of 1600 to 3,500 meters above the sea level. Sampling sites were visited during moonsoon, dry months and spring seasons of 2013–2015, Mushrooms, rust and smut fungi were collected at different stages. Macro-morphological describtion of the specimens were observed in the field, photographed and tagged. Rusts and smut fungi were collected along with the host plants. The infected parts of the plant were photographed, tagged and preserved. More than 300 specimens of Basidiomycota were collected, comprising of 76 taxa in 26 genera and 19 families. The results are comprised of three parts. Agaricomycotina, Puccinomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina. Among them, Agaricomycotina are represented by 36 species in 14 genera and 11 families. The genus Amanita was recorded the most frequent and largest genus with 15 species, followed by Agaricus and Russula with 06 and 03 species respectively. Pucciniomycotina, the pathogenic fungi represented by 31 species in 09 genera and 06 families. The genus Puccinia was found the largest one with 15 species followed by Phragmidium with 05 species respectively. The smut fungi, Ustilaginomycotina, represented by 10 species in 3 genera and 2 families. As a whole 31 species were proposed new for science viz., Agaricus swaticus nom. prov., A. subdecidous nom. prov., A. subpinus nom. prov., A. propeaugustus nom. prov., A. umbosplitifacus nom. prov., Amanita subflavipes nom. prov., A. obscuriscens nom. prov., A. cinis nom. prov., A. albosa nom. prov., A. nigrofibrilosa nom. prov., A. zona nom. prov., A. pseudolignitincta nom. prov., A. yukhtangiensis nom. prov., A. olivaviginata nom. prov., Veloporphyrellus similis nom. prov., Hortiboletus cumpinus. nom. prov., Cortinarius pseudohinnuleus xv nom. prov., C. umbostriatus nom. prov., Gymnopilus Pseudohybridus nom. prov., Neolentinus pellismarginatus nom. prov., Panus pakistanicus nom. prov., Phallus pseudorubicundus nom. prov., Russula shanglaensis nom. prov., R. submariae nom. prov., R. mansehrensis nom. prov., Melampsora Yukhtangensis nom. prov., Puccinia Pimpinella-aegopodiea nom. prov., Ustilago glomeratii nom. prov., U. sanguinalii nom. prov. Two species published as new to science viz., Amanita glarea and Parasola pseudolactea, 02 species were reported as new combinations viz., Allodus tulipii nom. prov., Sphacelotheca nepalense nom. prov. 10 species were reported as new records for the country viz., Amanita pseudovaginata, Amanita Pallidorosea, Strobilomyces longistipitatus, Phragmidium mexicanum, Pileolaria pistaciae, Puccinia Obscura, Haplotelium ambiens, Sporisorium pulverulentum, Ustilago nunavutica and Urocystis narcissi and 33 species were first time reported from Shangla district. These fungi were characterized morpho-anatomically and phylogenetically. For Moleculer characterization ITS and LSU regions were amplified and sequenced using Primers ITS1F, ITS2, ITS3, ITS4, LROR, LR5 and LR6. Our findings advocate that Shangla region is very rich and show a great diversity of Agaricomycotina followed by Puccinomycotina and Ustilaginomycotina. Among the Sub-phylum Agaricomycotina the genus Amanita was recorded the most frequent and largest genus with 15 species, followed by Agaricus and Russula with 06 and 03 species respectively. In subphylum Pucciniomycotina, the genus Puccinia was recorded as the largest genus with 15 species followed by Phragmidium with 05 species. In Subphylum Ustilaginomycotina, the genus Ustilago was found more diverse with 05 species followed by Sporisorium and Urocystis with 04 and 01 species respectively. This study concluded that very least work on fungi of North Western Pakistan have been done. Furthermore, District Shangla which is a moist temperate region and covered by 90% of coniferous forest have enormous potential for fungal diversity. The area needs to be explored further for very valuable species of other groups also. These findings upgraded the existing number of Basidiomycetes from 1500 to 1545 species in Pakistan.