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Home > Leveraging Workload Relocation and Resource Pruning for Electricity Cost Minimization in Service Provider Networks

Leveraging Workload Relocation and Resource Pruning for Electricity Cost Minimization in Service Provider Networks

Thesis Info

Access Option

External Link

Author

Ilyas, Muhammad Saqib

Program

PhD

Institute

Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2016

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Subject

Computer Science

Language

English

Link

http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/123456789/7307/1/Muhammad_Saqib_Ilyas_Computer_Engineering_2016_HSR_LUMS_lahore_07.09.2016.pdf

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2024-03-24 20:25:49

ARI ID

1676727784244

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Service provider networks enable services that we rely on for many essential everyday tasks. These networks are shared by many users and must be able to handle the cumulative workload from all the users at any given time. These networks are composed of several network resources2, each of which has a maximum workload handling capacity. Operators, therefore, dimension networks with enough network resources so that they may handle the expected peak of the cumulative customer workload. The customer workload is time-varying and has a large peak-trough ratio. Since network resources lack energy proportionality, networks always consume electricity at about the same level as the peak power consumption. This leads to wasted electric energy, which this thesis aims to reduce. We propose saving electricity by using a two-pronged strategy. First, we reduce power consumption during low workload regimes by keeping as many network components off, or in power-saving state, as possible without compromising handling of current workload. Secondly, by smartly distributing workload among network components, we aim to maximize the number of network components turned off or in power-saving state. We term these strategies as resource pruning and workload relocation, respectively. Both resource pruning and workload relocation control the state of network resources, i.e., on/off/power-saving and current workload assigned to each resource. The network resource state, in turn, determines the network’s power consumption. We may consider the aggregate of the instantaneous state of all network resources as the network’s state. Due to workload variations, no single network state can be optimal for a network at all times. Therefore, we formulate the energy efficiency improvement problem as a multi-interval state trajectory optimization, called RED-BL: Relocate Energy Demand to Better Locations. 2such as servers, radio transceivers, network links and routers RED-BL computes the optimal states for a network over a time horizon by using workload estimates, future electricity prices and the cost of transition between network states during consecutive intervals. We evaluated the benefit of RED-BL using real datasets obtained from geo-diverse data centers as well as cellular networks. Our results indicate that significant savings in electricity consumption and cost may be obtained by the application of RED-BL to these types of networks. In case of geo-diverse data centers, RED-BL can reduce electricity costs by as much as 45%. In case of cellular networks, the energy savings were as high as 22%.
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اہم تحقیقی و تدوینی اصطلاحات

اختلاف نسخ: تدوین متن میں میں مختلف نسخوں کے اختلافات
نسخہ: کسی قلمی یا مطبوعہ کتاب کی ایک جلد
اساسی نسخہ/بنیادی نسخہ: وہ نسخہ جسے تدوین میں اہم ترین مان کر متن دیا جائے۔
خطی نسخہ/قلمی نسخہ: ہاتھ سے لکھا ہوا نسخہ
دستخطی نسخہ: مصنف کے ہاتھ کا لکھا یا ٹائپ کیا ہوا نسخہ
وحید نسخہ: اگر کسی متن کا دنیا میں ایک ہی نسخہ ملتا ہو اور کوئی نقل نہ ہو تو اسے وحید نسخہ کہتے ہیں۔
آمیختہ نسخہ: وہ نسخہ جس کا متن پہلے کے دو نسخوں سے ملا کر تیار کیا گیا ہو۔
ماخذی نسخہ: جس نسخے سے کسی دوسرے نسخے کی نقل کی جائے
ماخذ: کتابیات کا پہلا مفہوم
مسودہ/کاپی ٹیکسٹ: جو صاف نسخہ تیارکرکے طباعت کے لیے دیا جاتا ہے
کلیات: کسی شاعر کا مجموعہ کلام (نثر /نظم) جو شاعر نے خود یا پھر کسی دوسرے شخص نے
مرتب کیا ہو۔
اشاریہ: کتاب کے آخر میں متن میں مذکورہ اشخاص، مقامات، کتب، اداروں وغیرہ
کی ہجائی ترتیب مع صفحہ نمبر
اوقاف: جملے، فقرے اور لفظ میں توقف اور تخصیص وغیرہ کے نشانات
رموزاوقاف: اوقاف کی علامتیں
بیاض: کسی کی ذاتی کاپی جس میں وہ اپنے یا دوسروں کے اشعار ، نظمیں یا غزلیں لکھ
لیتا ہے۔
تحریف: کسی شعر یا نثری جملیکے اصل متن میں تبدیلی کردینا
تخریج: کسی ادیب یا شاعر کے کلام میں دوسرے کلام کی نشاندہی کرنا
تحشیہ: کسی متن پر حاشیے لکھنا
ترقیمہ: مخطوطے کے آخر میں کاتب کی اختتامیہ عبارت جس میں کاتب کا نام، مالک
کتاب یا فرمائش کنندہ کا نام، زمان و مکان کتابت، اختتامی شعر وغیرہ میں
سے کچھ یا سب دیے ہوں
تسوید: کسی مضمو ن یا کتاب کا پہلا مسودہ لکھنا
تصحیح: متن میں اگر کچھ صریحا غلط ہے تو اس کو درست کرنا
حاشیہ:...

تحقیقات حدیث میں پروفیسر جوزف شاخت کی طرز تحقیق کا تنقیدی جائزہ

In general, the results of research studies conducted by Professor Joseph Schacht and his fellows on criticism of Ahadith are contradictory with the results of Muslim Scholars. Muslim Scholars, point of view is that Muhaddithin have opposed, with full power, the condemnable tries for fabrication of Ahadith. Valuable principles for the identification of authentic and unauthentic traditions were the result of the struggles done by Muhaddithin. With the help of these principles the categorization of Ahadith came in to practical. Professor Joseph Schacht argues that the material presented as Ahadith and Sunna of Prophet by Muslim scholars is the production of later times. According to his point of view, there is no authentic hadith in the bulk of traditions and if assumed that there are few authentic, they are also mixed up with unauthentic and there is no possibility of identification of authentic one. This study is a try to identify the mistakes of his research approach.

Internal Corporate Governance Mechanisms, Cash Holdings and Firm Performance, the Role of Political Connections and Environment

The present research study analyzed the relationship of internal corporate governance mechanisms, corporate cash holdings and firm performance by taking the interplay of political connections and political environment. For the purpose, 150 non-financial Pakistani firms’ data ranging from 2001 to 2014 were employed, which was further split into sub samples based on dictator regime (2001-2007) and democratic regime (2008-2014), large and small size firms. The study employed both static and dynamic panel data models. Generally, and consistent with the prior researchers, the study documented that internal corporate governance mechanisms (board characteristics, CEO characteristics, audit committee features) are important predictors of a firm’s cash holdings and performance in Pakistani market. Theoretically, the findings from this study mainly supported the agency theory, resource dependency theory and stewardship theory. This study further investigated that whether the effect of internal corporate governance mechanisms on cash holdings and firm performance varies with firm size and political environment. Empirically, the results showed some statistical differences in the relationships in both dictator and democratic regime, large and small size sample firms. Moreover, the study investigated the relationship of internal corporate governance mechanisms with cash holdings and firm performance by considering the interplay of political connections. For this purpose, the study proposed two alternative effects that political connections had on internal corporate governance mechanisms, namely complementary and substitution effect. On average, the present study found complementary effect, indicated that considering both strong (weak) internal corporate governance mechanisms and political connections reduce (enhance) corporate cash holdings. In the same vein, for firm performance, political connections on average substitute internal corporate governance suggested that considering both strong (weak) internal corporate governance mechanisms and political connections decrease (increase) firm performance. These effects were changed when moved from dictator to democratic regime and large to small size sample firms.