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شرح احوال و آثار صادق ہدایت

Thesis Info

Author

Muhammad Abdul Latifمحمد عبد الطیف

Department

Department of Persian

Program

PhD

Institute

University of the Punjab

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

1958

Subject

Persian Language & Literature

Language

Persian

Other

CallNo: TPfII 3

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676728640502

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یہ وطن تمہارا ہے تم ہو پاسباں اس کے

یہ وطن تمھارا ہے تم ہو پاسبان اس کے
نحمدہ ونصلی علی رسولہ الکریم امّا بعد فاعوذ بااللہ من الشیطن الرجیم
بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیم
معزز اسا تذہ کرام اور میرے ہم مکتب ساتھیو!
آج مجھے جس عنوان پرلب کشائی کی سعادت حاصل ہورہی ہے وہ ہے:’’یہ وطن تمہارا ہے تم ہو پاسبان اس کے ‘‘
صاحبِ صدر!
جو چیز اپنی ملکیت ہوتی ہے، جس چیز کے ہم مالک ہوتے ہیں۔ اس کی پاسبانی ، اس کی نگہبانی ، اس کی حفاظت بھی ہماری ذمہ داری ہوتی ہے، ہم مال واسباب اور سیم وزر کے مالک ہیں تو ان کی حفاظت بھی ہم نے ہی کرنی ہے۔
صدرِزی وقار!
یہ ہمارا وطن ہمیں جان سے بھی زیادہ عزیز ہے، ہمیں اس کے ریگستانوں سے محبت ہے، ہمیں اس کے بیابانوں سے انس ہے، ہمیں اس کے کوہستانوں سے پیار ہے ، ہمیں اس کے گلستانوں اور بوستانوں سے عقیدت ہے، ہمیں اس کے حیوانوں اور انسانوں سے محبت ہے۔
جنابِ صدر!
اس کی فضاؤں کی سرسراہٹ ، اس کی ہواؤں کی آہٹ ، اس کی آبشاروں کی گڑگڑاہٹ ، اس کے بادلوں کی گھن گرج، اس کی بادِ نسیم کی اٹھکیلیاں ، اس کی کہکشا ئوں کے چلتے ہوئے رنگ، اس کے قمر کے روشن نظارے، اس کے آفتاب کے حسین چمکارے، یہ سب مجھے حیات نو بخشتے ہیں، اس لیے کہ یہ سب میرے اپنے ہیں۔
موج بڑھے یا آندھی آئے دیا جلائے رکھنا ہے
گھر کی خاطر سب دکھ جھیلیں گھر تو آخر اپنا ہے
معزز سامعین!
اس کے دامن میں پھیلی ہوئی ندیوں کی نغمہ خوانی ، اس کے میدانوں کو گھیرے ہوئے گھنے جنگلات کی فراوانی، اس کی فضاؤں میں محو پرواز طائران خوش الحان ، اس کی ہواؤں میں ہوا بازوں کی قلابازیاں ، اس کے گلستان میں...

القاضي عياض: حياته وآرائه في علم الحديث

ABSTRACT: Qazi Ayaz was one of the great scholars in the Knowledge of Hadith. He enjoys a unique status in his memory, narration and understanding of Hadith. He has vast knowledge of chains of Hadith, its transmitters, and their biographies. For acquiring this high position he always travelled to get the Hadith from its well-known experts, and used utmost care in getting the authentic chains of transmitters, so much so that he is considered an authority among the great scholars ofHadith. The methodology of Ayaz in the science of the transmission of Hadith is based upon research, accuracy and authentication ofthe text. He considers the science of transmission and narration. The origin and essence in authenticating the Hadith. He was strict in the criticism of the text of Hadith and emphasized on the narration of the Prophet’s words instead of allowing the narration of the meanings, unlike the other scholars of Hadith. Hence he held some special views, due to his long experience in Hadith. Some of his views are about: The comparison with the original hearing. The appropriate age while transmitting Hadith toothers. The omitting ofrepeated words in Hadith. The usage of the marks of dialect in the text ofHadith. The permission in narration ofthose Hadith about which he himselfdoes not have permission

Evaluation of Potential Biotic Stress Resistance Genes Form Gossypium Arboreum

Cotton is the most important fibre crop of the world. Pakistan is the fourth major contributor in cotton production. In our country a viral disease caused by cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) is the most important factor limiting cotton production of widely cultivated Gossypium hirsutum varieties since the induction of the disease in this region. Gossypium arboreum is the cotton species that is resistant to this disease. Cotton scientists are working to find the key genes in G. arboreum that confer resistance against cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD). The present study is also an effort to find some potential biotic stress resistance genes from G. arboreum and the evaluation of some genes against CLCuV infection. Different approaches were employed to identify some potential biotic stress resistance genes from G. arboreum. These approaches include screening of G. arboreum leaf cDNA library, finding homologs of resistance genes in the ESTs database of G. arboreum and their screening in G. arboreum and CLCuV symtomatic and asymtomatic plants of G. hirsutum genotypes, cloning of resistance genes from G. arboreum and G. hirsutum using degenerate primers approach and isolation of full length putative biotic stress resistance genes from G. arboreum in RT-PCR. The identified full length genes were coding full length allene oxide synthase, hydroperoxide lyase and calreticulin proteins that were cloned in plant expression vector and were transformed in Nicotiana tabacum through Agrobacterium mediated transformation. The T1 generation of transgenic plants was inoculated with cotton leaf curl multan virus (CLCuMuV) through leaf infiltration. The virus presence and titre in inoculated plants was determined through conventional and realtime PCR respectively. No significant difference in virus titer was detected in all transgenic plants with respect to control plants. It is inferred that resistance against CLCuV might not be due to single gene. Multiple genes might be involved in conferring resistance against this disease. The various approaches adopted in this study to identify possible resistance genes against CLCuV infection resulted in identification and isolation of a set of genes. Theses genes are a valuable source to study their interaction against various coton pathogens and can be utilized to improve resistance level of susceptible G. hirsutum and other plant species.