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مولوی احمد یار ۔ فکر تے من

Thesis Info

Author

شہباز ملک

Department

Department of Punjabi

Program

PhD

Institute

University of the Punjab

City

Lahore

Province

Punjab

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

1980

Subject

Punjabi Language & Literature

Language

Punjabi

Other

CallNo: 891.491092ا 297 ش

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676728645065

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نقشِ پائے شہِ ابرار قمر کی رونق

نقشِ پائے شہِ ابرارؐ ؛ قمر کی رونق
کہکشائوں میں ڈھلی ، راہ گزر کی رونق

یہی دیواروں کی زینت ، یہی در کی رونق
ذکرِ سرکارِؐ دو عالم سے ہے گھر کی رونق

نقشِ نعلین نبیؐ سے ہے مدینے کی چمک
اسی دستار سے ہے میرے بھی سر کی رونق

رحمتِ کون و مکاںؐ جانِ دو عالم ٹھہری
یادِ محبوبِ خداؐ دل کے نگر کی رونق

آپؐ کے دم سے ہے اے صاحبِ لولاک لماؐ!
بحر و بر ، حجر و شجر ، شام و سحر کی رونق

لفظِ کُن ، روزِ ازل ، لوح و قلم ، عرشِ عُلی
آپؐ مخلوقِ خدا ، جنّ و بشر کی رونق

عدسئہ آنکھ میں ہے نورِ مُنوّر اُنؐ کا
نورِ محبوبِ خداؐ ، حسنِ نظر کی رونق

روزنِ چشمِ عقیدت سے حقیقت دیکھو
ذاتِ محبوبؐ سے اللہ کے گھر کی رونق

رونقِ چہرئہ اُمّت ہے شفاعت کے سبب
ہے ندامت سے بھری دیدئہ تر کی رونق

کاش عرفانؔ کی پلکوں کو بھی ہو جائے عطا
اُنؐ کی راہوں کو ملی لعل و گہر کی رونق

NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM TRADISI MERTI DESO DI DESA SUKU MENANTI REJANG LEBONG, BENGKULU

This study aimed at finding out Islamic education values embedded in the tradition of Merti Deso in Suku Menanti Village, Sindang Jati District, Rejang Lebong Regency, Bengkulu. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. The data collection techniques used in this study encompassed observation and interviews conducted periodically. After the data were collected, the data were further analyzed by means of Miles, Haberman, and Saldana’s version of stages, namely data selection, data presentation, and drawing conclusion. This study concluded that the Islamic education values embedded in the tradition of Merti Deso were religious and spiritual values, muamalah/social values, and economic values.    

Pathogenesis and Tissue Tropism in Co-Infection of Avian Influenza H9n2 and Newcastle Disease in Broiler Chicken

The aim of the present study was to examine the pathogenesis and tissue tropism of the Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) H9N2 and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in the broiler birds in single and mixed infections. The endemics of virulent strains of Avian Avulavirus-1s (AAvV-1s) and low-pathogenic H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIV) are being continuously reported in Pakistan. The repeated outbreaks are the main source of high economic losses to the poultry industry. In this study, genetic characterization and pathotyping of five AAvV-1s and two H9N2 viruses have been investigated from the NDV and H9N2 suspected samples collected during 2013-14. It was observed through phylogenetic analysis that all the NDV isolates were related to sub genotype VIIi with high similarity of 97.9% to 99.8% with similar viruses in this clade. The gene sequences of haemagglutinin (HA) of two AIV were analyzed and phylogenetic analysis reveals genetically closely-related resemblance to H9N2 viruses classified into Mideast group-B and sub-lineage B2. The two strains were classified as LPAIV in poultry on the basis of sequence of amino acids at proteolytic cleavage site of haemagglutinin gene with PAKSSR/G. Our findings highlight the potential risk of ND and AI in poultry and continued active surveillance is needed to monitor the transmission of these viruses. To study the pathogenesis and tissue tropism in the broiler birds, 210 day old broiler chicks were divided in six groups of 35 each. Five groups of broiler birds were challenged with single NDV, single H9N2 and their mixed-infections. Sixth group was kept as a disease free control group with no challenge of the virus. Ten birds were slaughtered on 3rd, 5th and 7th day post infection (dpi). The organs of digestive, respiratory, lymphoid, circulatory, urinary and nervous systems were collected for histopathology and immunohistochemical examination. Microscopically, different lesions were observed in different organs in single ND and H9N2 infected and co-infected groups. IHC was used to detect the NDV and H9N2 in same organs. NDV and H9N2 were detected separately at different locations of above mentioned organs in groups A and B. Both viruses were detected simultaneously in co-infected groups C, D and E. No virus was detected in group F. It is concluded that histopathological lesions were more severe in the organs of birds of group A (infected with virulent NDV), relatively less lesions were observed in co-infected groups (C, D and E) as compared to birds of group A and lesions were milder in group (B) infected with LPAIV (H9N2). The efficacy of the commonly used commercial vaccines for Newcastle disease (ND) and low path avian influenza (LPAI) H9N2 were evaluated against field virus in broiler chicks. One hundred one-day-old commercial broiler chicks were divided into four groups (A to D) with an equal number of birds per group. Group A and B were vaccinated against H9N2 and NDV, respectively, at day 7 of age while group C served as positive infected control for H9N2 and group D for NDV. Serum samples from birds in all groups were tested for presence of antibodies against H9N2 and NDV at day 21 of age. Subsequently, on day 28 of age, groups A and C were challenged with the field strain of H9N2 virus, and Group B and D with NDV. Birds were monitored for a period of 2 weeks for development of any clinical signs and mortality. The geometric mean titer were high in groups A (4.90) and B (7.3), and low in the unvaccinated groups C (0.7) and D (1.1). The highest and lowest value of H9N2 antibody titer detected through ELISA were 1.498 and 0.502, respectively. The S/P ratios greater than 0.5 were considered positive. The highest and lowest value for NDV antibody titer detected through ELISA were 783 and 882, respectively. Serum samples with titer greater than 396 were considered positive and indicated vaccination or other exposure to NDV. On histological examination severe congestion, necrosis, degeneration, hemorrhages and leukocyte infiltration were observed in intestine, lungs, trachea and bursa of Fabricius of the non-vaccinated group post-infection. Mild tissues changes were observed in the vaccinated group. It can be concluded from the findings that the commonly used commercial vaccines may provide effective protection against the circulating H9N2 and ND virus in broiler birds by producing protective antibody titer.