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Automatic vehicle location System

Thesis Info

Author

Talpur Ali Murad

Supervisor

Bhawani Shankar Chowdhary

Department

Department of Electronic Engineering

Institute

Mehran University of Engineering and Technology

Institute Type

Private

City

Jamshoro

Province

Sindh

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2004

Subject

Electronic Engineering

Language

English

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676729078471

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-ثمینہ سید کی افسانہ نگاری

ثمینہ سید کی افسانہ نگاری

منیر عباس سپرا، پی ایچ۔ڈی سکالر

اس میں کوئی شک نہیں کہ عصر حاضر کی خواتین افسانہ نگاروں میں ثمینہ سید ایک نامور افسانہ نگار ہیں ۔ان کے اب تک دو افسانوں کے مجموعے منظر عام پر آ چکے ہیں ۔ پہلا افسانوی مجموعہ ”ردائے محبت“سیوا پبلی کیشنز لاہور سے2011ء میں شائع ہوا ہے۔دوسرا افسانوی مجموعہ ”کہانی سفر میں ہے“ بھی سیوا پبلی کیشنز لاہور سے2016ء میں منظر عام پر آیا ۔ان کا ایک شعری مجموعہ بھی چھپ چکاہے اور تیسرا افسانوی مجموعہ زیر طبع ہے۔

ان کا ہر افسانہ موضوع کے لحاظ سے مختلف اوربوقلمونی صلاحیت سے بھرپور ہوتا ہے۔ان کی کہانیاں معاشرے میں پھیلے ناسوروں کی نشاندہی بھی کرتی ہیں اور کبھی کبھی ان پر مرہم بھی لگاتی ہیں۔ان کی کہانی کے آغاز کی بنت اختتام سے جدا ہوتی ہے لیکن پڑھتے ہوئے احساس نہیں ہوتا کہ کہاں حقیقت کے رنگ افسانے میں آمیخت ہو گئے ہیں۔ ان کے افسانوں کے موضوعات میں سماجی مسائل ،طبقاتی تقسیم ، جنسی و نفسیاتی پہلو، اور روزمرہ زندگی میں درپیش آنے والے ہر پہلو کو موضوع بنایا ہے۔ان کے افسانوں میں انسانی اعمال اور معاشرتی و سماجی احوال کو خو رد بینی نظر سے دیکھایا گیا ہے۔ افسانہ نگار نے جدید دور کے انسان کے ذہنی رویوں اور نفسیاتی مسائل کو سادہ اور رواں اسلوب میں قاری کے سامنے پیش کیا ہے۔ یہ بھی ان کاکمال فن ہے کہ وہ افسانے کو بے جا طوالت سے بچاتے ہوئے محدود اور منتخب لفظوں میں کامیابی  سے قاری تک وہ پیغام پہنچا دیتی ہیں جس نے انہیں قلم اٹھانے پر اکسایا ہوتا ہے۔ثمینہ سید کی فن کاری یہ ہے کہ انہوں نے کہانی کے بنیادی عناصر کو جدید طرز اظہار پر قربان نہیں...

E-COMMERCE AND CYBER VULNERABILITIES IN BANGLADESH: A POLICY PAPER

E-commerce is one way among many that people buy and sell things in retail. Some companies sell products online only, but for many, e-commerce is a distribution channel that’s part of a broader strategy that includes physical stores and other revenue streams. Either way, e-commerce allows startups, small businesses, and large companies to sell their products at scale and reach customers worldwide. The growing scenario of E-commerce shapes a new dynamism in Business and offers no time-bound, cost-efficient, and hassle-free buy and sell. Following changing approach, security management in e-commerce (cyber security) is now the focus. People in Bangladesh are mostly unaware of the risks of using computing and digital devices and online platforms. This article articulated the risk factors associated with the growing reliance on digital technologies and devices. Then, some policy guidelines are prescribed for the national level and individual level, including leading social campaigns, new chapters in the school curriculum, advancing technological aptitudes of law enforcers, strengthening security systems in e-commerce, embanking sites, bringing frauds to justice, initiating law to define cybercrimes, fortifying institutional management of cyber securities

Liquid Phase Exfoliation of Graphite to Graphene & its Applications in Polymeric Nanocomposites

Nanocomposites are superior to conventional one in terms of its mechanical performance. Pristine /functionalized graphene sheets (FGS) were incorporated into a range of model polymers. Solvent aided blending was adopted for better dispersion of FGS and graphene sheets in these polymers. Graphene was added to selected polymers like polyurethane (PU), poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), poly (acrylonitrile) (PAN), poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly (vinyl acetate) (PVAc) in order to improve the mechanical performance of these materials. Different forms of graphene nanosheets like pristine/FGS with different lateral dimensions were selected in order to study its effects on the mechanical performance of selected polymers in terms of young’s modulus, tensile strength and elongation at break. Graphene nanosheets were functionalized with octadecylamine and were incorporated in polyurethane and it was observed that 2.5 vol% is the mechanical percolation level for this polymer as above this loading there was improvement in the mechanical performance of polyurethane while at this loading the elongation at break was suffered slightly. Similarly in case of poly(vinyl chloride) a critical loading(1.5wt%) was observed at which there was improvement in mechanical properties of these polymers and almost no elongation at break was observed for this loading and the modulus determined in this case was superior to calculated from Halpin-Tsai equation. Two type of graphene nanosheets with different flake size (one and 3.5 micron) were incorporated in poly (acrylonitrile). Its comparative study was conducted it was observed the big flake improved the performance of polymers in terms of modulus and UTs while the response of small flake in terms of elongation at break was better than big flakes. Large area graphene oxide were synthesized and were introduced to poly(vinyl alcohol) and the role of these nano fillers were very pronounced in terms of modulus, UTS and elongation at break was not disturbed but slightly improved. Graphene flakes were studied through transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and Raman spectroscopy while dispersion of these flakes were in selected polymers was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the mechanical performance of these nanocomposites were conducted on Zwick-Roell tensile tester. Graphene-based v polymer nanocomposites can be a new versatile soft material with numerous advantages. Graphite was exfoliated to graphene using NMP and water as solvent as well. 63mg/ml concentration was obtained during tip sonication in NMP while in case of water as media the maximum concentration obtained was 7mg/ml using sodium cholate as surfactant. The concentration of graphene nanosheets were studied through UV-visible spectroscopy while quality of flakes was studied through TEM and Raman spectroscopy.