مولانا عبدالسلام خاں رام پوری
اخباروں سے یہ افسوس ناک خبر ملی کہ ۱۳؍ اپریل کو مولانا عبدالسلام خاں رام پوری نے اس دنیائے فانی کو الوداع کہہ دیا، اِناﷲ وَاِنا اِلَیہ رَاجِعُون۔
ان کے ساتھ ہی دارالسرور رام پور کی وہ امتیازی شناخت بھی رخصت ہوگئی جس کی وجہ سے رام پور کو بخارائے ہندی کہا جاتا تھا، رام پور کی ریاست کی علم پروری اور سخن نوازی کی داستانیں ہماری علمی و ادبی تاریخ کا بڑا دل کش حصہ ہیں لیکن فلسفہ و کلام و منطق جیسے علوم معقولات میں اس ریاست کی روایت کی بات ہی کچھ اور ہے، اٹھارہویں صدی کے اواخر میں نواب فیض اﷲ خاں کے فیض سے جب وہاں مدرسہ عالیہ قائم ہوا اور اس کے پہلے صدر مدرس کی حیثیت سے مولانا عبدالعلی بحرالعلوم فرنگی محلی کا تقرر ہوا تو جیسے معقولات کی بہار آگئی، مولانا فضل حق خیرآبادی اور مولانا عبدالحق خیرآبادی جیسے ائمہ فلسفہ اسی فصل گل کی یادگار ہوئے، مولانا عبدالسلام خاں نے جب رام پور کی اس فضا میں ۱۹۱۷ء میں پہلی سانس لی تو گو پہلا سا رنگ نہیں تھا لیکن رونق اب بھی باقی تھی، ان کے ہم عصر ساتھیوں میں مولانا وجیہ الدین خاں، مولانا ابوالوفاء شاہ جہاں پوری، مولوی عبدالوہاب خاں، مولانا امتیاز علی عرشی جیسے اصحاب فضل و کمال کے نام ملتے ہیں، ان کے اساتذہ میں ایک نام جیراج پور اعظم گڑھ کے مولوی عبدالودود ندوی کا بھی ہے، مولانا عبدالسلام خاں کی غیر معمولی لیاقت ہی تھی کہ ان کو کم عمری میں اس مدرسہ عالیہ کا متولی یعنی پرنسپل بنایا گیا اور یہ ان کی صلاحیت تھی کہ وہ ۱۹۷۵ء تک یعنی قریب تیس سال تک اس عہدے پر فائز رہے لیکن ان کی اصل شہرت ان کے قلم کی رہین منت ہے جس نے...
This paper explores the religious ideological basis, cultural ambivalence and a bicultural identity issues in Mohsin Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist. This Pakistani Anglophone novel carries different diasporic sensibilities. Issues related to culture, religion and its association with ideological grounds are very prominent. Elements of immigrant feelings and loss of identity are very vibrant. The writer shares migrant experience and the influence of a new culture of the host country, United States. While migrants from some of the Asian states, mainly those characterized by most recent immigrant waves, have really worse socio-economic situation than average immigrants; Pakistani people are among minorities. This research is qualitative in nature. Theories presented by Arjun Appadurai, Homi K Bhabha, and James Clifford about culture and diaspora support this research. This research is helpful to know about the concerns associated with the liminal space and issues related to identity loss, strong affiliation and recognition on the basis of religion and living with a bicultural identity.
This study is titled as “A Study of Organizational Structure, Students Achievement and Physical Facilities at Public and Punjab Education Foundation Partner Schools in Punjab” The objectives of the study were to; 1) explore the organizational structure of Public and Punjab Education Foundation partner schools, 2) compare the achievement of students at Public and Punjab Education Foundation partner schools, 3) compare the physical facilities at Public and Punjab Education Foundation partner schools, 4) examine the effect of organizational structure on students achievement at Public and Punjab Education Foundation partner schools, 5) assess the effect of school physical facilities on students achievement at Public and Punjab Education Foundation partner schools, and 6) forward recommendations for the conduct of further research on the subject. To achieve the above stated objectives of this study, the following research questions were made: 1) What is the difference between organizational structure of Public and Punjab Education Foundation partner schools? 2) What is the difference between the achievement of students at Public and Punjab Education Foundation partner schools? 3) What is the difference in the physical facilities of Public and Punjab Education Foundation partner schools? 4) What is the effect of organizational structure on students‟ achievement at Public and Punjab Education Foundation partner schools? 5) What is the effect of school physical facilities on students‟ achievement at Public and Punjab Education Foundation partner schools? The study was quantitative in nature. The design of the study was descriptive based on the survey of the opinions of the Head Teachers and Principals. A sample of 506 Head Teachers of Public schools and 146 Principals of Punjab Education Foundation (PEF) partner schools was drawn through multi stage random sampling technique. A self developed rating scale and checklist for gauging physical facilities (CLPF) was used as an instrument. The PEC annual results of 8th grade Public and PEF partner schools were taken as their achievement scores. The descriptives as well as inferential statistics i.e. t-test, Chi Square and Regression were computed. The predominant findings show that PEF partner schools perform better than Public schools in maximum measures of organizational structure except a few which have been picked up for this study. The performance of Public schools is better regarding students achievement as compared to PEF partner schools. The results of the study show that Public schools provided better physical facilities as compared to PEF partner schools. It could be concluded that organizational structure and physical facilities of both type of schools have direct bearing on students‟ achievement. The study recommends that 1) Highly qualified people are found at Public Schools and it necessitates the revamping of induction process to attract people in PEF partner schools alike Public schools. 2) Schooling process of PEF partner schools is better than Public schools; the same may be followed by the Public schools and PEF partner schools to go by the follow up mechanism of Public schools for the better decision making, standards for space provision, development of school congenial climate and developing job satisfaction among the staff. 3) Academics seems better at Public schools and the PEF partner schools are recommended to follow make endeavours to lesser the gap in case of urban and rural schools of Punjab Education Foundation. 4) Both types of schools are found lacking in the physical facilities like laboratory (for practicals of science subject), lifts (for disabled students), mosque (for saying prayer), transport and air conditioning (for hot season); the same put these schools under obligations to provide the earlier said facilities.