Obligingness to Leadership: A Case Study of the Qur’an

We can divide human beings into two categories: Leaders and Followers. Leaders are a few, the rest of the overwhelming majority of the human beings are followers. They show an earnest tendency of following or obligingness towards their leaders. This capacity of the following is exploited and abused by the egoist and toxic leaders to bring destruction to their followers and the world. The author of the paper tries to explore and determine the motives of obligingness or complaisance of blind following. The author studies this phenomenon in the light of theories of the hierarchy of needs by Abraham Maslow, The Situational Factor by Philip Zimbardo, the Function of Labeling by Albert Bandura and Ego Depletion by Michael Cholbi. These theories have earned good acceptance from the experts. The theories are found helpful to understand the mentality of leaders and their followers as described by the Qur’ān. These theories are applied to some selected cases from the Qur’ān to reach a better understanding of the phenomenon. The Qur’ān at many places describes and discusses this human tendency. It presents dialogue between the leaders and their blind followers in the life hereafter, the person of Pharaoh, his maneuvering, his courtiers, the common people of Egypt, the followers of pagan chieftains and their opposition to the prophets give us ample description to know how blind following actually works under the influence of leadership. The author hopes that this study helps understand the mentality of the present day leaders and their blind or complaisant followers.

Impact of Cross-Cultural Marriages on the Rights of the Child: Analytical Study of Shariah Rulings & International Legislation a Case Study of Pakistan & United Kingdom

This thesis primarily focuses on Islamic and English Laws concerning the rights of the child particularly Islamic concept of ╒a╔┐nah, which is considered at conflict with the latter. Thus, major aim of the study is to dilate on the judicial underpinnings on the crosscultural custody disputes, relocation of the children and conflicting areas between English and Pakistani Family Laws. Insofar as it also attempts to figure out the similarities and dichotomies between the two on very vital and real issues of simmering custody disputes between Islamic and English Laws in the eventuality of breakup of institution of marriage. The research work seeks to find out answers to the judicial problems arising in the wake of cross-cultural custody disputes and removal of child from habitual residence resulting from the separation between cross-cultural parents. It has also made an effort to bring out the conflicted areas and lacuna in Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, offering few suggestions/recommendations to harmonize both laws, whilst judicial problems and conflicting areas are discovered by scrutinizing the clauses of Hague Convention and Case Law. In the end, findings reflect that although significant differences prevail in both the legal systems but nevertheless International law and Shar┘‘ah rulings can be harmonized to some degree after the reconstruction of the contradictory provisions as both laws are considered playing dominant role to protect the interest of the child in custody disputes.