سرشانتی سروپ بھٹنا گر
افسوس ہے پچھلے دنوں سرشانتی سروپ بھٹنا گراور پنڈت کشن پرشاد کول، ملک کی دونامور شخصیتوں نے وفات پائی اور ملک ان کی خدمات سے محروم ہوگیا۔اول الذکر ہندوستان کے نامور سائنٹسٹ تھے۔ کیمسٹری اور فزکس میں بین الاقوامی شہرت کے مالک تھے، آزادی کے بعد سے ملک میں جو صنعتی ترقی ہوئی ہے اور سائنس نے جو فروغ پایا ہے اس میں سرشانتی سروپ کابہت بڑا حصّہ ہے۔پھربڑی بات یہ ہے کہ وہ مرزا غالبؔ کے محبوب شاگرد اور دوست منشی ہرگوپال تفتہ جن کو مرزا نوشہ محبت میں مرزا تفتہ کہاکرتے تھے ان کے نواسے تھے اور انھوں نے اردو شعروشاعری کاذوق ورثہ میں پایا تھا۔ چنانچہ وہ اُردو کے صاحب دیوان شاعر بھی تھے۔مشاعروں کی صدارت بھی کرتے تھے اور اپنے دوست احباب کوجن میں شامل ہونے کا فخر راقم الحروف کوبھی تھا،اپنے اشعار بڑے مزے میں سناتے تھے۔ سائنس اور شاعری کے لطیف امتزاج اورخاندانی روایات کے باعث وہ ہماری گذشتہ تہذیب اور کلچر کے سچے حامل اورعلم بردار تھے۔ اب ان کی وفات سے جو خلا پیدا ہوگیا ہے اس کاپُر ہونا مشکل ہے۔
[ فروری ۱۹۵۵ء]
Heart failure (HF) is a chronic illness with high prevalence and mortality, leading toeconomic burden ofhealth due to prolonged hospital stay and re-admissions. Failure to comprehend the importance of identifying mental illnesses could lead to explanations that why the morbidity and mortality of heart failure patients endure to be very high. Objective: To determine the frequency of anxiety and depression in heart failure patients. Methods: It is a descriptive cross sectional study including 323 CHF patients admitted to the Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology hospital, 250 were males and 73 were females, mean age was 54.1 ± 9.2 years having 70 years as maximum and 25 years as minimum. Data was collected with the help of HADS questionnaire. Patients were interviewed for assessment of anxiety and depression. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for quantitative data and for qualitative data frequency and percentageswas calculated. To measure the association of anxiety and depression with age categories and gender, chi square test was used. P values less than and equal to 0.05 were taken as significant. Results: The results showed that 43% subjects had <11 score indicating no anxiety, 57% had >11score indicating anxiety. 45% subjects had<11 score indicating no depression, 55% had >11score indicating depression. Conclusions: The study concluded that frequency of depression and anxiety is high in congestive heart failure patients. Strategies are required to assess and diagnose these mental illnesses to establish early treatment which may foster multidisciplinary health care team approach and interventions that address the psychological burden.
comparison of nutritional value of nontraditional with commercial vegetables in Sindh. The questionnaire survey methodology was used to collect the data on the utilization and consumption of nontraditional and commercial vegetables in Mirpurkhas of Sindh province, Pakistan in 2014. On the basis of survey spinach, horse radish tree flowers, lambs quarter and gram leaves were collected in January, 2014 whereas, amaranthus was collected in the months of July-August, 2014 from district Mirpurkhas, packed with proper labelling and brought to the Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam for processing and nutritional analysis. The edible parts of vegetables were washed and divided into five sets namely control, boiled, cooked, thermally dehydrated and shade dried. The data of survey showed that gram leaves was the most popular nontraditional vegetable eaten frequent or occasionally by 82% respondents only 18% respondents never tasted or do not know this vegetable. Next vegetables which majority of respondent never tasted or did not know included amaranthus and lambs quarter. About 62% respondents never tasted or do not know horse radish tree flowers as vegetable while 38% respondents answered they eat occasionally. The nontraditional (lambs quarter, horse radish tree flowers, gram leaves, amaranthus) and commercial (spinach) vegetables were analyzed for their nutritive, mineral, vitamin, phytochemical and chlorophyll composition. The highest moisture content (92.66%) was found in spinach under boiled method followed by 88.760% moisture content in the same vegetable at fresh (control). Maximum ash content (16.15%) in horse radish tree flowers followed by 10.56% ash content in amaranthus under thermally dehydration. Protein content was found greater (7.56%) in gram leaves under thermal dehydration method. However, minimum protein of 1.04% was found in spinach under boiling method. The maximum value of 3.85% in horse radish tree flowers under cooking method while minimum fat content i.e. 0.85 and 0.75% was found in spinach and lambs quarter, respectively at boiling method. The highest value (13.35%) of fiber was obtained in thermally dried sample of horse radish tree flowers whereas the lowest value was recorded in boiled sample of spinach. However, higher carbohydrate (68.62%) content was found in lambs quarter at shade drying. The nontraditional vegetables also contain organic acids (e.g. lactic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, tartaric acid) in all the selected vegetables. The nontraditional and commercial vegetables were also recorded with significant amount of vitamins and phytochemicals. The energy value was found lowest in fresh spinach (38.35 Kcal 100g-1) hence was also detected lowered in other processing methods as compared to nontraditional vegetables. The results of the sensory evaluation of the uncooked and cooked samples in present study revealed that in uncooked samples, horse radish tree flowers obtained highest scores in appearance, color, odor, texture, taste, overall acceptability and purchase i.e. 4.90, 4.70, 4.00, 3.90, 3.50, 3.80 and 3.80. While in traditionally cooked samples lambs quarter and gram leaves retained original color and thus obtained the highest scores in appearance and taste i.e. 3.70, 3.90 and 3.70, 3.50, respectively. Acceptability study by hedonic scoring showed that nontraditional vegetables (horse radish tree flowers, lambs quarter, and gram leaves and amaranthus) made by traditional cooking were most acceptable as compared with commercial vegetable (spinach). These nontraditional vegetables when consumed in cooked form could also be a good source of nutrients. Principal component analysis revealed that the first seven principal components explained about 94.79% of the total variability in the observed parameters. Moisture, total solid, ash, fiber, carbohydrate, nitrogen free extract, energy value, acetic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, copper, iron, zinc, manganese, calcium, sodium and potassium resulted the most effective variables for the first principal component. Saponins, flavinoids, phenol and vitamin B3 were major contributors to second principal component, while tannins content was useful to define the third principal component. It was concluded that the nutrient and bioactive contents obtained from selected vegetables seem to suggest that the vegetables have high potential to contribute to the nutritional and health status of local as well as urban communities in Sindh Pakistan. Their use in the communities should therefore, be promoted. Taking into account the amount of nutrient and bioactive content in the selected nontraditional vegetable, these plants could be valuable and important contributor to the diets of the people in Sindh, Pakistan.