غزل ۔۔۔ڈاکٹر محمد کامران
پروفیسر پنجاب یونیورسٹی لاہور
ایسا بھی نہیں تم سے مجھے پیار نہیں ہے
لیکن مجھے اس بات پہ اصرار نہیں ہے
میں نے یہ غزل موجٍ صبا تجھ پہ کہی ہے
حالانکہ مجھے تجھ سے سروکار نہیں ہے
اس شخص کی آنکھیں مجھے سونے نہیں دیتیں
دل جس کی محبت میں گرفتار نہیں ہے
میں نے بھلے وقتوں میں خریدا تھا کوئ خواب
اب اس کا کہیں کوئ خریدار نہیں ہے
ماں باپ کی عزت کا اسے خوف ہے ورنہ
اس شوخ کے انکار میں انکار نہیں ہے
The system of accountability is essential for the stability and development of any state. The department of accountability helps the Govt to evaluate the performance of its officer in order to block the way of corruption, dishonesty, and misuse of powers. Holy Prophet (ﷺ) introduced a new department for accountability and said that his pledge is the best time for accountability and named his era khayr-ul-quroon. These departments are legislators, judiciary, and administration. The institutions of accountability are summoned today as the Accountability Bureau. The aim of these institutions was to do work for the welfare of mankind and save humanity from the oppression of human beings. At an early age, these institutions were nominated as Dewan al-Ahtsab, Dewan- al-Mazloum. In Khilafat Rashida, many institutions were built on these concepts, and the Muslim ruler who came after them gave a complete system of Accountability. Later on, the names of these institutions were changed, but the aims of these institutions remained the same. This article explains the establishment of different types of accountability institutions in the era of the Holy Prophetﷺ and His companions and their function.
The main objective of the present thesis is to develop mathematical models to discuss the boundary layer flows over a curved moving surface. These mathematical models are formulated in curvilinear coordinates system and then used to investigate the flow and heat/mass transfer characteristics for viscous and micropolar fluids. Additional features like influence of magnetic field, flow through porous media, thermal radiation effects, slip condition, heat generation/absorption, chemical reaction and nanofluids are also studied. The transformed boundary value problems consisting of highly nonlinear differential equations are solved numerically using the shooting and Kellar-box methods. The quantities of interest like fluid velocity, temperature, concentration, skin friction, heat and mass transfer rate at the wall are analyzed for various emerging parameters. It is found that by increasing the dimensionless radius of curvature, velocity and magnitude of the pressure distribution are decreased inside the boundary layer. Finally, a comparison of the present solutions with the existing results in the case of a flat stretching sheet is also presented.