Critical Study of Moral Teachings of Islam and Buddhism for Promotion of Global Peace

All ancient and contemporary religions of the world like Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Jainism and Islam emphasizes and attempts to uphold the highest moral and ethical values in human society in order to produce discipline and good will. Some of the religions strictly command for proper observance and submission to the laws and cannons", whereas the other religions do not stipulate strict allegiance to its principals, yet they nourish and treat human emotions and direct them for the general good of the society. On the whole, all religions aim at moral and ethical uplift of human beings, to install positivity in them and imbues the spirit of sacrifice, equality, affection, brotherhood and justice in mankind. Thus, these all facts testify that all religions, with some differences of pattern, propagate the message of love, Peace, equality, brotherhood, justice, Harmony and equity in the material age and greed-ridden epoch where individual profits and benefit overwhelm collective cause and general welfare of mankind. What we have done here in this paper is not to establish that one religion is better than the other but to demonstrate that almost all world religions stand for love, peace and harmony. There is no doubt, that all religions preach and advocate positive harmony among human beings but the message of Holy Prophet (SAW) is the only example who gave practical aspect of these theories. However, this paper elaborates this reality by a detailed comparison of Islam and Buddhism.

Physical Properties of Apd3o4 A=Ca, Sr, T1 and Cd Type Palladates: An Ab-Initio Study

Inthis thesis DFT andPost-DFT techniquesare usedto explore electronic, magnetic,mechanical,elastic,opticalandthermoelectricpropertiesofAPd3O4 (A = Ca, Sr, Cd and Tl) palladates. The electronic nature of these palladates are evaluated by using various theoretical models i.e LDA, GGA, GGA+U,TB-mBJandGGA+SOC.Thecalculatedelectronicbandstructure ofthesecompoundsCaPd3O4,SrPd3O4,CdPd3O4 andTlPd3O4 showthat CdPd3O4 ismetallicandCaPd3O4,SrPd3O4 andTlPd3O4 aresemiconductors. The band gaps of CaPd3O4, SrPd3O4 and TlPd3O4 are 0.12 eV , 0.10 eVand1.10eV ,respectively. Thecalculatedmechanicalpropertiesconfirm that these compounds are mechanically stable, elastically anisotropic and ductile in nature. The calculated optical properties reveal that CaPd3O4 and SrPd3O4 are active in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum and TlPd3O4 is indirect band gap material and hence it is optically not active. Due to the small energy gaps and dense electronic states of these compounds around Fermi level, they seem to be good thermoelectric materials. Hence their thermoelectric properties are also evaluated by using the Boltzmann transport theory. The thermoelectric properties show that CaPd3O4 has the maximum value of the Seebeck coefficient in comparison with SrPd3O4 and TlPd3O4 for the given temperature range. The calculated results are found in close agreement with the available experimental results in literature. The density functional theory (DFT) and post-DFT calculations reveal the non-magnetic nature of these palladates.