مراتب اختر معاصرین کی نظر میں
مراتب اخترنے ساٹھ اور ستر کی دہائی میں اپنے منفرد ڈِکشن کی بنا پر شہرت حاصل کی۔ انھیں مجیدامجد کی صحبت سے فیض یاب ہونے کا موقع بھی مِلا۔ مجیدامجد سے اُن کی ملاقاتیں بھی اُن کے جدید شعری رجحان کا سبب بنیں۔ مجیدامجد مراتب اختر کے بارے میں کہتے ہیں:
یہ ایک شاعر ہیں جو غزل کہتے ہیں اور غزل ان کے عقیدئہ حیات کا ایک جزو ہے۔ یہ عقیدہ ان کی رُوح کے لیے شرط ایمان ہے، کوئی عجب شیفتگی ہے جو انھیں اس صنف کے ساتھ ہے۔ ایک عمر سے وہ غزل کے مصنوعی انداز کو نکھارنے میں مصروف ہیں۔ یہاں ان اشعار کے اندر ایک بالکل نیا چہرہ مفاہیم ہے۔ لذتِ بیان کی ایک انوکھی سرشاری ہے۔ بظاہر ایک سہمی ہوئی آواز ہے لیکن دراصل یہ اپنی ہی توانائی سے شرمائی ہوئی آواز ہے۔ نئے اِمکانات اظہار ہیں، نیا جلوئہ حروف ہے۔ ایسا معلوم ہوتا ہے گویا اظہار کے پردے میں شاعر اپنے آپ ہی سے مخاطب ہے۔ خود ہی اپنی آواز، خود ہی اس کا سننے والا اور خود ہی اس سے کیفیت گیر ہے۔ ان اشعار پر مکاشفوں کا گمان ہوتا ہے۔ اپنے تاثر پر اپنا اعتقاد، اپنے اعتقاد پر اپنا ایمان، اپنے اسی اطمینان کا وقار، ان کے ہر شعر سے جھلکتا ہے۔ جابجا ایک ضبط ہے جس کی اپنی تمکنت ہے۔ ایک شکستگی ہے جس کا اپنا جلال ہے۔ ایک کرب مہجوری ہے، جس میں گراوٹ نہیں متانت ہے۔ ایسا احساس ہوتا ہے جیسے محبوب کے ساتھ بات کرتے وقت شاعر کے لہجے میں محبوب کا انداز رضامندی اس میں شامِل ہو گیا ہے۔۔۔ جہاں خارجی اشیاء کا بیان ہے، وہاں یوں لگتا ہے جیسے یہ اشیاء اپنا ٹھوس وجود...
Teletherapy is an emerging and enlarging tool for having treatment in occupational therapy in rehabilitation sciences among occupational therapists all over the world mainly in Pakistan, especially during the era of COVID-19. A lot of studies have been done already highlighting the paramount of teletherapy around the world but it is a new rising mode of treatment in Pakistan coming to light. Therapists and Patients throughout the country making the most of this treatment way respectively and hence this method of treatment while using of technologies is highly being appreciated.
The aim of this study is to foster and encourage the use of this technology in third-world countries like Pakistan. It is the most used treatment tool during COVID-19 among occupational therapists all over the country and is highly appreciated in order to cut-down the negative circumstances of a one-to-one session in which therapist and patient is in highly close contact to each other. This course of action has advocate the on-going rehabilitation treatment and has kept away people from COVID-19 expansion to the most extent.
In this study, a 5years old boy was included with an under-diagnostic process within the umbrella term of genetic disorder. Having genetic disorder, his sessions were taken in tele-clinic using video call technology during COVID-19. In this process, AOTA Occupational Therapy Tele-Health Decision Guide, AOTA Occupational Profile Template, AOTA Advisory Opinion for the Ethics Commission Teletherapy, i-PiCS-Internet-Based Parent-Implemented Communication Strategies Program, and modeling strategy were followed.
The consumption of probiotic bacteria is continuously growing due to the numerous health benefits. Encapsulation is an effective approach for ensuring the target delivery of these probiotics. The present study was conducted in three phases. In first phase, encapsulation of probiotic bacteria (L. acidophilus) was done by encapsulator using sodium alginate and carrageenan as coating biomaterial. Obtained beads were characterized by optical, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR. In second phase in vitro assay was carried out for selected functional properties. In third phase, a comparative study between free and encapsulated probiotics was done for accessing their viability and stability in carrier foods (yogurt and ice Cream). The products containing free and encapsulated probiotics were also subjected to physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics. Microbeads, obtained from encapsulator were, smaller, predominantly spherical with smooth and rough surface and uniform in size. Additionally, FTIR analysis indicated an interaction between cell components and coating materials. The encapsulation yield for sodium alginate and carrageenan was 98 and 96 % respectively. Free/un-encapsulated cells exhibited poor survival under the simulated gastrointestinal conditions during their exposure to simulated gastric and intestinal juice as compared to encapsulated cells the viable count of encapsulated probiotic bacteria decreased from 9.92 log10 cfu to 8.75 log10 cfu and for free cells decreased from 9.94 log10 cfu to 5.46 log10 cfu in ice-cream over 120 days of storage. While for yogurt it decreased from 8.94 log10 cfu to 7.17 log10 cfu and for free cells decreased from 8.86 log10 cfu to 5.84 log10 cfu in yogurt over 28 days of storage. The results of the viable count in case of encapsulated cells were still above accepted level (106 cfu/g) that required for therapeutic benefits. The bacterial cells encapsulated in sodium alginate showed the highest survival rate in yogurt and ice cream after the storage period. Supplementation of free and Encapsulated probiotic bacteria in yogurt and ice cream significantly affected some of the physicochemical and sensorial parameters of both carrier foods. Yogurt supported considerably greater viability of probiotic as a food vehicle compared with ice cream. The results of present study demonstrated that encapsulation can significantly increase the survival rate of probiotic bacteria under simulated gastrointestinal conditions and in carrier foods (Ice cream and yogurt) over an extended period of shelf-life. This investigation indicated that encapsulation should be used as a potential delivery system for probiotics in food industry which is paving a new way for the development of functional foods.