ڈینگی مکاؤ مہم میں معاشرے کا کردار
ڈینگی بخار ہے جو چند ماہ سے پاکستان کے عوام کے لیے خوف کی علامت بنا ہوا ہے۔ یہ بخار 1775 میں افریقہ، شمالی امریکہ اور ایشیاء میں پراسرار طور پر نمودار ہوا، اس بخار کا سبب مادہ مچھر ہوتی ہے جو کاٹتی ہے تو بخار ہو جاتاہے۔ اس بخار کے پیراسائیٹس کو پلازموڈیم کہتے ہیں۔ یہ مادہ مچھر ایک اعلیٰ ترین نسل سے منسوب کی جاتی ہے جو گندے پانی وغیرہ کو پسندنہیں کرتی بلکہ خوشنما سرسبز پھولوں ، پھلوں والے پودوں اور درختوں پرڈیرہ جماتی ہے۔
ڈینگی بخار ایک مرض ہے، جس طرح دیگر امراض سے انسان کو واسطہ پڑتا ہے اسی طرح یہ مرض بھی اپنے خونخوار پنجوں میں جکڑنے کی بھر پور کوشش کرتا ہے۔ لیکن کوئی مرض ایسا نہیں ہے کہ جس کا علاج موجود نہ ہو۔ حدیث نبوی صلی اللہ علیہ و آلہٖ وسلمہے کہ کوئی مرض ایسانہیں ہے جس کا علاج نہ ہو، یعنی تمام مرض علاج سے ختم ہوجاتے ہیں۔ جب ایک ذی شعور انسان اس قسم کے حوالہ جات اپنے دماغ کے آنگن میں رکھتا ہے تو وہ ان عوارضات سے کبھی متاثر نہیں ہوتا وہ علاج کرتا ہے اور مسلمان ہونے کے ناطے بالخصوص اور انسان ہونے کے ناطے بالعموم شفاء من جانب اللہ کا تصور چاہتا ہے۔ اپنے اس اعتقاد کی بدولت کہ موت کا ایک دن مقرر ہے وہ اس بخار کے خوف کو اپنے نہاںخانۂ دل میں کوئی جگہ نہیں دیتا۔ اس بخار کے خاتمے میں اس قسم کے اعتقادات اور تصورات بڑی اہمیت کے حامل گردانے جاتے ہیں۔ اور یوں نفسیاتی طور پر اس سے متاثر مریض صحت یاب ہونا شروع ہو جا تا ہے۔
ڈینگی بخار کے خاتمے کے لیے معاشرتی طور پر ایک اہم رول ادا کرنے کی ضرورت ہے۔ واعظ ممبر رسول صلی...
The sayings of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) have very great importance for Muslims, it is a second source of Islamic legislation. It is the source for the education of morality and knowledge of the legacy of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and logic in dealing with the circumstances of different conditions. One can say that it has great literary and historical importance too because it gives us the opportunity to reach a comprehensive view of human history. The Had┘th has great impact on literature, like: -Impact on language - Impact on prose - Impact on poetry - Impact on calligraphy - Impact on creating new fields of knowledge - Introduction of new narrative style - Abolition of vulgar Literature. In this paper it has been described that the beauties of Citation from Had┘th in the prison`s poetry of famous Andalusian poet Abdul Malik bin Idrees Al-jazar┘ Al- Undlus┘.
Pakistan suffered from the crisis of democracy many times. Its history stands witness to the frequent dissolution of assemblies before the completion of their respective constitutional terms, the intermittent breakdown of the constitutions, take-over of military, disintegration and perpetual bad governance. The study attempts to unfold the rivalries behind the crisis of democracy that did not allow democracy to take roots in the period 1988 to 1999. It seeks to analyze that how the role of leadership both in government and in opposition through their mutual rivalries for political and economic gains generated a wave of political crisis that in turn gave birth to the crisis of democracy in the period and to what extent systemic factors played their role in deepening the crisis of democracy during 1990s. The state of affairs, in the period 1990s, was the result of the leadership and their personal gains and losses as well as of systemic factors out of their rivalries that made democracy suffered. The study attempted to analyze the role of leadership in the persons of Benazir and of Nawaz Sharif in their respective terms in office as the head of the government and the head of the opposition that how they played their role in the crisis of democracy in the period under study as well as the role of the President in the persons of Ghulam Ishaq Khan, of Farooq Ahmed Khan, and of General Pervaiz Musharruf. There were existed certain kinds of rivalries among them that was repeated and escalated and created crisis that gave way to an integrated group of elites to play their role in deepening the crises. Consequently, democracy was suffered in the period 1988-99. Systemic factors were an integrated group of elites that influenced the political system of Pakistan and played their role in deepening the crisis of democracy in the period. The group consisted of elites both political and non-political and played a decisive role in the crisis. Besides, it was a perpetual and manipulating factor in the crisis and worked as a group. The group collaborated with the man at the helm based on similar interests against the common rival. It was heterogeneous in the making consisting of political-religious-civil military-judicial elites. It remained united throughout the decade of democracy and played their role in deepening the crises. Consequently, democracy suffered from crisis in the period 1988-99. The popular and semi-academic discussion regarding civil- military tension and crisis of democracy generally lead to a conclusion that the institution of military is the main cause and politicians are the main victims in the derailment of democracy. Whereas the researcher finds himself in partial agreement with the above stated conclusion, his research has concluded the complex process of power struggle and internal rivalries among the power elites. Based on rigors study of these processes, his thesis conclusion is that mutual rivalries among the power elites both systemic factor and leadership against each other result into the derailment of democracy Besides, the research is qualitative and descriptive-analytical method is used to analyze the data collected. Moreover, power elite theory is applied to substantiate the study as Pakistan is in the grip of power elites that incorporate all kind of elites related with power in the state. Moreover, the researcher has used primary and secondary methods for the collection of data.