ہمایوں کبیر
افسوس ہے کہ گذشتہ مہینہ ہمایوں کبیر صاحب نے انتقال کیا، وہ اس دور کے لائق ترین مسلمانوں میں تھے اور اپنے ذوق کے اعتبار سے علمی و تعلیمی لائن کے آدمی تھے لیکن انھوں نے سیاست کا پُر خار راستہ اختیار کیا، اس لیے اس میں کامیاب نہ ہوسکے، علمی و تعلیمی لائن میں وہ زیادہ مفید کام انجام دے سکتے تھے، ان میں بعض خامیوں کے باوجود اسلامی حمیت پوری طرح موجود تھی جس کا اظہار ان کی تقریروں میں ہوتا رہتا تھا، وہ مولانا ابوالکلام کے شعبۂ میں رہ چکے تھے، اس لیے دارالمصنفین سے بھی واقف اور اس کے بڑے قدردان تھے، چنانچہ انھوں نے مولانا کے بعد بھی دارالمصنفین کے کاموں میں بڑی مدد پہنچائی، اب جو اور جیسا مسلمان بھی اٹھتا ہے، اس کا بدل نہیں مل سکتا، اس لیے ان کی جگہ بھی خالی رہے گی، اﷲ تعالیٰ ان کی خامیوں اور خطاؤں سے درگذر کرکے ان کی مغفرت فرمائے۔ (شاہ معین الدین ندوی، ستمبر ۱۹۶۹ء)
Almighty Allah has stated the nature of man that everything He loves towards the one He loves is dear to Him. For this reason, in every age human being has been attached to the remains of his beloved thing. The stories of the former Ummah are contained in the holy Qura᾽n, in which their remnants are proven to be safe after they passed away. This last Ummah also appears to meet these natural requirements. Therefore, just as this Ummah loves his Prophet (peace be upon him). Therefore the sacred Islamic ancient relics have extraordinary significance, which are attributed to the holy Prophet. Muslims get peace by them and kept protecting and persevering such relics during every period. The companions of the Prophet (PBUP) have kept them safe too and they organized particular arrangements for preserving them. But there is also a theory which those who believe these are considered as a prohibition of Islamic Sharia, and they present their arguments on the basis of a “Hadith” attributed to Ḥaḍrat ʻUmar Fārūq (R.A). It is narrated from Ḥaḍrat ʻUmar Fārūq, that the he used to give an importance to the memorandum of Muhammad (PBUH). In the light of such “Riwāyās”, the mentioned “Hadith” would be suspicious. It is essential that he research of this “Hadith” should be reviewed, how its status is? In this article, research has been studied by this “Hadith” that it is clear that this “Hadith” could not be narrated by Ḥaḍrat ʻUmar Fārūq (R.A). Therefore, the concept of demolition of such scared ancient relics could not be supported by the above mentioned “Hadith”.
Indexing plays a vital role in Information Retrieval. With the availability of huge volume of information, it has become necessary to index the information in such a way to make easier for the end users tond the information they want e - ciently and accurately. Keyword-based indexing uses words as indexing terms. It is not capable of capturing the implicit relation among terms or the semantics of the words in the document. To eliminate this limitation, ontology-based indexing came into existence, which allows semantic based indexing to solve complex and indirect user queries. Ontologies are used for document indexing which allows semantic based information retrieval. Existing ontologies or the ones constructed from scratch are used presently for indexing. Constructing ontologies from scratch is a labor-intensive task and requires extensive domain knowledge whereas use of an existing ontology may leave some important concepts in documents un-annotated. Using multiple ontologies can overcome the problem of missing out concepts to a great extent, but it is di cult to manage (changes in ontologies over time by their developers) multiple ontologies and ontology heterogeneity also arises due to ontologies constructed by di erent ontology developers. One possible solution to managing multiple ontologies and build from scratch is to use modular ontologies for indexing. Modular ontologies are built in modular manner by combining modules from multiple relevant ontologies. Ontology heterogeneity also arises during modular ontology construction because multiple ontologies are being dealt with, during this process. Ontologies need to be aligned before using them for modular ontology construction. The existing approaches for ontology alignment compare all the concepts of each ontology to be aligned, hence not optimized in terms of time and search space utilization. A new indexing technique is proposed based on modular ontology. An e cient ontology alignment technique is proposed to solve the heterogeneity problem during the construction of modular ontology. Results are satisfactory as Precision and Recall are improved by (8%) and (10%) respectively. The value of Pearsons Correlation Coe cient for degree of similarity, time, search space requirement, precision and recall are close to 1 which shows that the results are signi cant. Further research can be carried out for using modular ontology based indexing technique for Multimedia Information Retrieval and Bio-Medical information retrieval.