ڈاکٹر عبدالسلام سلامؔ سندیلوی
افسوس ہے ۱۶؍ ستمبر کی شب میں معروف محقق و نقاد اور شاعر ڈاکٹر عبدالسلام سلامؔ سندیلوی کا انتقال ہوگیا، وہ ہردوئی ضلع کے مردم خیز قصبہ سندیلہ میں ۲۵؍ فروری ۱۹۱۹ء کو پیدا ہوئے تھے، لکھنؤ میں اعلیٰ تعلیم حاصل کی، ان کو اردو فارسی کے علاوہ ہندی اور سنسکرت پر بھی عبور تھا، اردو میں پی۔ایچ۔ڈی اور ڈی۔لٹ کی اور ہندی میں وشارد اور ساہتیہ سدھا کر کی ڈگریاں حاصل کیں، مضمون نگاری اور شعر و شاعری کا چسکا طالب علمی کے زمانے میں لگ گیا تھا، شعر و ادب اور تحقیق و تنقید ان کا خاص موضوع تھا، ان میں درجنوں تصنیفات یادگار چھوڑیں۔ اردو رباعیات، اردو شاعری میں نرگیست اور اردو شاعری میں منظر نگاری بڑی اہم تصانیف ہیں، اول الذکر پر پی۔ایچ۔ڈی اور ثانی الذکر پر ڈی۔لٹ کی ڈگری ملی، ۱۹۵۹ء میں گورکھ پور یونیورسٹی سے وابستہ ہوئے اور پھر یہیں کے ہوگئے۔ وظیفہ یاب ہونے کے بعد بھی قلم و قرطاس سے تعلق باقی رہا، مگر کئی برس سے بینائی چلی گئی تھی اس لئے معذور اور خانہ نشین ہوگئے تھے، ڈاکٹر صاحب کی تصنیفات کمیت و کیفیت کے لحاظ سے اہم تھیں، لیکن اعزاز اور عہدے کے لئے بھاگ دوڑ ان کو پسند نہ تھی، اس لئے ان کو خاطر خواہ شہرت نہیں ملی، اس سال ان جیسے مستحق کو اترپردیش اردو اکادمی کا مولانا ابوالکلام آزاد ایوارڈ دیا جانا قابل ستایش اقدام تھا، اﷲ تعالیٰ مغفرت فرمائے اور پس ماندگان کو صبر وقرار بخشے۔ آمین!! (ضیاء الدین اصلاحی، اکتوبر ۲۰۰۰ء)
Work-family conflict is a conflict between societal expectations and the interaction of interrelated work and family domains. It is essential to understand the impact of COVID-19 on working women's physical and mental health in Pakistan to advise better health policy. This research aims to determine work-family conflict’s impact on working women’s physical and mental health. Through non-probability sampling, 100 working women were sampled online across different cities of Pakistan. The participants were selected from different working fields. Only women above the age of 20 years were eligible for participation in this study. The study found that work-family conflict positively correlates with the fear of COVID19, blood pressure, depression, and anxiety symptoms. Psychologists, counselors, and general physicians for primary and preventive care in Pakistan need to work towards counselling and supporting the health needs of working women to prevent biopsychosocial problems related to work-family conflict and fear of COVID-19. Keywords: anxiety, blood pressure, depression, fear of covid-19, work-family conflict.
This thesis covers the two inter-related topics of recent research in the field of quantum information theory. One topic is about the robust generation of entanglement among Gaussian states in quantum optical passive and active devices like beam splitters and quantum beat lasers and the other topic is about the degradation of entanglement due to decoherence when entangled states interact with the surrounding environments. The subject of entanglement generation is studied in continuous variable systems for two initial separable single-mode Gaussian states in beam splitters and in quantum beat lasers. As a general treatment, one single-mode Gaussian state is defined in terms of arbitrary values of nonclassicality and purity while the other single-mode Gaussian state is considered as the thermal field. The role of different parameters in the presence of thermal noise on the entanglement generation is explored, for example, the nonclassicality and purity of single-mode Gaussian state; and angle of beam splitter or driving field strength in quantum beat laser are important for robust entanglement generation. For entanglement analysis, logarithmic negativity is implied as a measure of entanglement for two-mode Gaussian states. Second topic investigates the dynamics of a class of initial entangled states in dissipative environments. It is the study of decoherence mechanism in different systems and is crucial as real systems always interact with the surrounding environments. The dynamics of the two-qubit atomic systems and high-dimensional bipartite field states inside the two high-Q cavities surrounded by thermal environment are investigated. The two-qubit atomic systems are explored as both interacting (close) and non-interacting (distant) systems. In the interacting systems, atoms are considered close together so that the atoms may exchange energy, thus the role of collective damping and dipole-dipole interaction becomes important. It is also noted that entanglement may be generated for initial separable states in thermal environment. Wootters concurrence is used as a quantitative measure of entanglement for two-qubit atomic systems. For the entangled bipartite field states in thermal environment, the high dimensional states as non-interacting systems are studied. It is concluded that sudden death of entanglement (SDE) always occurs in non-interacting systems in thermal environments. The increase in the temperature of the environment results in earlier disappearance of entanglement. For entanglement analysis, negativity is used for high-dimensional entangled field states in high-Q cavities.