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An Investigation into the Factors Affecting the Success of Assignment in the System of Distance Education

Thesis Info

Author

Muhammad Amin Tahir

Supervisor

Muhammad Hameed Nawaz

Institute

Allama Iqbal Open University

Institute Type

Public

City

Islamabad

Country

Pakistan

Thesis Completing Year

2001

Thesis Completion Status

Completed

Page

51

Subject

Education

Language

English

Other

Call No: 378.03 MUI; Publisher: Aiou

Added

2021-02-17 19:49:13

Modified

2023-01-06 19:20:37

ARI ID

1676709712662

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لائبریری کی اہمیّت

لائبریری کی اہمیّت
ہم نشینی اگر کتاب سے ہو
اس سے بہتر کوئی رفیق نہیں
لائبریری سے مراد کتب خانہ ہے۔ لائبریری کی اہمیت سے مراداس چیز کی اہمیت نہیں کہ اس کی بلڈنگ کا خام مال بہت اچھا ہے، اس کے گردونواح اور مضافات کے باسی بہت اچھے ہیں۔ اس کے افتتاح کرنے والے کا کردار بہت اچھا ہے، اس کو بنانے والے کا کاروبار بہت اچھا ہے، اس حسین وجمیل بلڈنگ کو تعمیر کرنے والا معمار بہت اچھا ہے۔ لائبریری کی اہمیت سے مراد اس کے اندر جو کتب ہیں ان کا مطالعہ کتنی اہمیت کا حامل ہے، اس کے مطالعہ سے نوجوان کو کتنا فائدہ پہنچتا ہے، اس کے مطالعہ سے بوڑھے قاری کو کیا فائدہ پہنچتا ہے۔ اس کا مطالعہ معاشرے پر کیا اثرات مرتّب کرتا ہے۔
لائبریری کا وجود خواہ وہ سکول لائبریری ہو، خواہ وہ پبلک لائبریری ہو ،خواہ وہ ذاتی لائبریری ہو ملک و قوم کی تعمیر و ترقی میں انتہائی ضروری ہے۔ اساتذہ اور طلباء کے لیے کتب خانہ کی کتابوں کا مطالعہ انتہائی ناگزیر ہے، اسا تذہ کونئی تحقیقات سے بہرہ ور ہونے کا موقع میسر آتا ہے اور طلباء بھی اپنی نصابی اور غیر نصابی معلومات میں اضافہ کرتے ہیں۔ چنانچہ ہرتعلیمی ادارے میں معیاری لائبریری کا وجودضروری ہے۔ اس کے بغیر وہ ادارہ ایسا ہے جیسانخلستان چشمے کے بغیر یا ایک گھر پانی کے بغیر ،لائبریری گویا ایک چشمہ ہے جس کے آب زلال سے تشنگانِ علم و دانش اپنی پیاس بجھاتے ہیں۔
تاریخ کی ورق گردانی کریں تو یہ بات روزِ روشن کی طرح عیاں ہوتی ہے کہ مسلمانوں کو کتب بینی و مطالعہ میں ہمیشہ ایک امتیازی مقام حاصل رہا ہے۔ اسلام کے زمانۂ عروج میں مسلمان اُمراء میں لائبریری کا اہم مقابلہ ہوتا تھا۔ جس شخص کے پاس جتنا بڑا کتب خانہ...

ڈاکٹر محمود احمد غازی اور علم حدیث

Islam has been a subject of great importance for Muslim and Non-Muslim Scholars. Countless numbers of researchers have written on the Quran, Hadith, Fiqh and Islamic History. Among these scholars Dr. Mahmood Ahmad Ghazi (1950-2010) is renowned for his contribution to Islamic social sciences. He was equally well versed in the classical, as well as, modern scholarly trends in the study of Islam. He worked in various academic, administrative and judicial positions during his life including as professor, Director Da’wah Academy, Director Shariah Academy, Vice President Academics and then President of International Islamic University, Islamabad and was finally elevated in 2010 as a judge at Federal Shariah Court of Pakistan where he served till the end of his life. He was a prolific writer and authored nearly thirty works of high academic value in different Islamic social sciences including Economics, law and Islamic education in Arabic, English and Urdu languages. He attended a large number of conferences across the globe to present his research papers.

Quality Enhancement of Gladiolus Cut Flowers by the Application of Zinc, Boron and Growth Regulators

Gladiolus, an excellent cut flower is highly responsive to fertilizers, especially micronutrients. Dire need is there to explore the best pre and postharvest management practices for quality production and vase life of plant to cope with market demand. Keeping the aim in mind, a study was conducted to enhance the quality production and elongated vase life of gladiolus cut flowers by applying preharvest zinc (Zn) and boron (B), and postharvest salicylic acid (SA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) during two consecutive years 2010 and 2011. Zinc was applied in the soil media @ 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mg kg-1 and B @ 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg kg-1 in pots under greenhouse conditions. Data on preharvest parameters were recorded for the number of leaves per plant, leaf area, spike length, spike thickness, days to flowering, number of florets per spike, flower size, fresh weight and dry weight of flowers, number of cormels, corm size chlorophyll contents, ascorbic acid contents, zinc contents, boron contents and protein contents. The flower spikes were harvested and placed in glass jars containing distilled water. The postharvest application of salicylic acid at 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg l-1 and gibberellic acid at 0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg l-1 in vase solution were evaluated. Data were recorded on postharvest parameters; days taken to open floret, percent florets opened, vase life, percent change in fresh weight, electrolyte leakage, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and free radicals scavenging (FRS) activity. No significant effect of zinc was observed on number of leaves plant-1 and spike thickness. Zinc @ 6 mg kg-1 rendered the highest leaf area, spike length, spike thickness, flower size, fresh weight, dry weight, corm size, chlorophyll contents, days taken to open floret, percent fresh weight change, SOD, POD, CAT xxiii and FRS activity. Whereas, Zn @ 8 mg kg-1 induced the highest number of cormels, number of florets per spike, protein contents, percent florets opened and vase life. The lowest electrolyte leakage and earliest flowering was noted with Zn @ 8 mg kg-1. Zinc concentration was recorded significantly higher with Zn @10 mg kg-1 as compared to all other treatments. Boron had no significant effect on number of leaves per plant and spike thickness. The highest leaf area, spike length, spike thickness, number of florets per spike, flower size, fresh weight, dry weight, number of corms and cormels, corm size, chlorophyll contents, protein contents, days taken to open floret, vase life, percent florets opened and vase life, percent fresh weight change, CAT and FRS activity were observed with B @ 2 mg kg-1 with respect to control treatment. While B @ 3 mg kg-1 induced the largest flower size, the highest fresh weight and SOD activity of cut flowers. Earliest flowering and lowest electrolyte leakage was noted with B @ 2 mg kg-1 and 3 mg kg-1 respectively over all other treatments. Boron and Zn concentrations were observed significantly high with B @ 5 mg kg-1 as compared to all other treatments. Salicylic acid @ 150 mg L-1 significantly increased the days taken to open florets, percent florets opened, retained higher fresh weight, SOD, CAT and FRS activity over control treatment. The lowest electrolyte and the highest POD activity were observed in SA @ 200 and 150 mg L-1, respectively among all other treatments. Gibberellic acid @ 25 mg L-1 induced the highest days taken to open floret, vase life, percent florets opened, vase life, fresh weight, POD, and FRSA over other treatments. The highest SOD, CAT activity and the lowest electrolyte leakage were noted in GA3 @ 50 mg L-1 over control. This study concludes that application of Zn at 6-8 mg kg-1, B at 2 mg kg-1 imparts greater beneficial effects on growth, production, vase quality and antioxidative activities in gladiolus. Salicylic acid at 150 mg L-1 and GA3 at 25 mg L-1 augmented the longest vase life and antioxidants activity of cut gladiolus and further higher application rate renders non significant improvement.