ڈاکٹر احمر لاری مرحوم
۲۸؍ فروری کو پروفیسر احمر لاری بیاسی برس کی عمر میں اپنے خالق حقیقی سے جاملے، اِناﷲ وَاِنا اِلَیہ رَاجِعُون۔ وہ گورکھپور یونیورسٹی کے شعبہ اردو سے تعلق رکھنے والے قابل اور محنتی استاد تھے جن سے ان کا شعبہ، ملک میں معروف ہوا اور وہ خود پروفیسر محمود الٰہی جیسے لائق ترین صدر شعبہ کی سرپرستی و رہنمائی میں ملک کے اچھے لکھنے والوں میں شمار ہوئے۔ بظاہر نجیف و نزار بیمار نظر آتے لیکن قلم بڑا توانا تھا۔ حسرت موہانی ان کی تحقیق کا مرکز رہے، ان کا تحقیقی مقالہ جوبعدمیں کتاب کی شکل میں شائع ہوا ان کی غیرمعمولی محنت سے اپنے موضوع پر اسی طرح مصدر و مرجع بن گیا جیسا خود ان کے ایک رفیق پروفیسر افغان اﷲ خاں مرحوم کا فراق پر مقالہ تھا، حسرت موہانی سے ان کا یہ تحقیقی تعلق، مستقل رشتے میں یوں بدلا کہ انہوں نے حسرت موہانی کے تذکرہ شعراء اور ارباب سخن کوبھی مرتب کرکے شائع کیا۔ ارباب سخن کا مقدمہ ان کی تنقیدی صلاحیت کا بڑا خوبصورت آئینہ ہے جس میں اردو تذکرہ نگاری کا انہوں نے جامع اختصار سے جائزہ لیا ہے۔
ان کی کتابوں میں گلدستۂ نازنیناں، نکات سخن، غالب اور غالبیات اور اردو تنقید کا ارتقاء، نام بھی آتے ہیں۔ انہوں نے مختصر تاریخ گورکھپور بھی مرتب کی۔ ان کا اصل قصبہ لار تھا لیکن انہوں نے پیمان وفا گورکھپور سے ایسا باندھا کہ بالآخر اسی کی خاک کا حصہ ہوئے۔ بیماری آزاری کے باوجود وہاں کی علمی و ادبی مجلسوں میں ضرور شریک ہوتے، پروفیسر افغان اﷲ خاں مرحوم کے بعد ان مجلسوں میں ان کے دم سے رونق تھی۔ افسوس ان کے جانے کے بعد ویرانی کا احساس اور زیادہ ہوگا کہ محض علم و ادب کا ایک شیدائی ہی نہیں ایک ملنسار، غمگسار...
Sahih al-Bukhari by Imam Abu Abdullah Mohammad al-Bukhari comes second to the Holy Quran as a fundamental source of Islam. It is a most authentic collection of sayings and deeds of Prophet Mohammad (PBUH), which covers almost all aspects of life in providing proper guidance from the Messenger of Allah. The Muslim scholars of past and present time gave great importance to this book by making their efforts to extract the hidden treasures from this book and to present the different approaches and benefits of this book. “Al Kawakib Ad Durari” by Imam Alkirmani is an old explanation of Sahih Bukhari. During studying “Fath al Bari” I found that Alhafiz Ibne Hajar has consulted “Al Kawakib Ad Durari” and quoted Imam Alkirmani’s commentary and added it. Alhafiz Ibn e Hajar differs at many times with the opinions of Imam Alkirmani about specific time, place, different tribes and personalities mentioned in the text of traditions. I wanted to study such analysis to check the right opinion after comparing statements of both Imams and by consulting with the statements of other scholars of this field. This article approves that judgments of Ibn e Hajar about specific time, place, different tribes and personalities are more authentic than opinions of imam Alkirmani.
Cotton is the leading fiber crop in Pakistan. Its production is negatively affected by living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) factors and among those, high temperature is most alarming one. Present study was conducted to explore the genetic basis of heat tolerance in upland cotton. Fifty upland cotton genotypes were screened against high temperature on the basis of CMT%, canopy temperature, seed cotton yield, node number of first fruiting branch, days to first effective boll, heat index (HI) and heat tolerance index (HTI).Significant variation was observed among fifty genotypes on the basis of traits used for screening. Seven heat tolerant (CIM-602, Cyto-178, CIM-616, FH-113, CIM-600, FH-114 and KZ-189) and 5 heat sensitive (AA-802, ARK-3, AGC-501, KZ-191 and VH-389) genotypes were selected for crossing. Selected parents were crossed in North Carolina II mating design fashion in the glasshouse. Seven parent and thirty five F1 crosses were field planted under normal and heat stress condition. The analysis of North Carolina Design II revealed that significant genotypic variations exist in all characters under study like plant height, number of sympodial branches per plant, number of monopodial branches per plant, number of bolls per plant, boll weight, GOT%, seed cotton yield, fiber length, fiber strength, fiber fineness, CMT%, node number of first fruiting branch and days to first effective boll. High differences were observed between phenotypic and genotypic variances for various traits which depicted high environmental effect on all studied traits. Among testers AGC-501, AA-802 and VH-389 were found best male combiners for most of the traits. FH-114 showed good GCA effects for plant height and bolls per plant, Cyto-178 for monopodial branches per plant and boll weight, FH-113 for most of the traits studied both under normal and stressed conditions. The crosses FH-114 × ARK-3 and FH-114× AGC-501 showed good SCA effects for most of the traits. Selecting such crosses would be beneficial for the development of superior hybrid through heterosis breeding. Crosses that showed significantbetter parent heterosis for different traits were FH-114 × ARK-3 for plant height,Cyto-178 × AA-802 for monopodia,CIM-616 × ARK-3 for sympodial branches, FH-114 × VH-389 for number of bolls, FH-113 × AA-802 for boll weight, Cyto-178 × KZ-191 for seed cotton yield, CIM-616 × KZ-191 showed maximum fiber length, FH-114 × ARK-3 for fiber strength, FH-114 x KZ-191 for fiber fineness, Cyto-178 × AGC-501 for GOT%, CIM-616 x AA-802 for canopy temperature, FH-114 × VH-389 for node number of first fruiting branch, FH-114 x AA-802 for days to 1st effective boll and CIM-616 × VH-389 for CMT %.As most of the traits were governed by non-additive genes with low narrow sense heritability, so it is suggested that selection may be delayed, or development of hybrid variety would be more effective under high temperature areas.